Abstract:
:Mammalian organisms possess two cholinesterases: acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7.) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8.). A clear explanation for this dual expression of acetylcholine-hydrolyzing enzymes is still missing. Better knowledge on how these two enzymes respond to various physiological or pharmacological factors would importantly contribute to the understanding of their function. The aim of the present study is to elucidate glucocorticoid (GC) influences on the synthesis of AChE and BuChE in rat liver and brain. Female Wistar rats were treated with dexamethasone until body weight loss was greater than 15%, signaling full expression of a GC response. At this stage, liver and brain were isolated and AChE and BuChE activities were determined in their homogenates. A new approach, based on precise radiometric measurements of AChE and BuChE activities in the polysomal fractions, prepared under non-denaturing conditions, was used to study GC influences on the early stages of biosynthesis of both enzymes. We found a differential GC influence on AChE and BuChE. In brain, only BuChE activity was affected (-30%), while AChE remained practically unchanged. In liver, BuChE activity fell by 60%, while AChE lost only 18% of its control activity. In case of BuChE, decreased activities in the whole homogenates correlated with decreased activities in the polysomal fractions, suggesting that early stages of enzyme biosynthesis were primarily affected. On the other hand, decreased AChE activity in liver homogenates was not paralleled by a significant change at the level of polysomal AChE activity in this organ, suggesting that higher AChE turn-over is primarily responsible for the decreased activity in homogenate. These results, together with the GC-mediated elimination of the correlation between brain and liver BuChE activities, strongly support the proposal of Edwards and Brimijoin (J.A. Edwards, S. Brimijoin, Effects of hypophysectomy on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the rat, Biochem. Pharmacol. 32 (1983) 1183-1189) that BuChE is regulated by systemically acting factors, including various hormones, while regulation of AChE is primarily tissue-specific.
journal_name
Chem Biol Interactjournal_title
Chemico-biological interactionsauthors
Weber U,Brank M,Grubic Zdoi
10.1016/s0009-2797(99)00045-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-05-14 00:00:00pages
341-7eissn
0009-2797issn
1872-7786pii
S0009-2797(99)00045-9journal_volume
119-120pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The atypical butyrylcholinesterase (aBuChE) from Oryzias latipes shares approximately 65% sequence similarity to both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase and was studied for its capacity to spontaneously reactivate following inhibition by organophosphorus nerve agents. Like other cholinesterases, aBuChE was...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.016
更新日期:2016-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone has been used in some stress disorders and may be potentially protective against stress-induced gastric lesions. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate, whether risperidone, a D(2) receptor and 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist, would be able to result in gastroprotective effect in stress-induced ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2011.02.002
更新日期:2011-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Glucosamine oligomers--monomer through tetramer--form complexes with Cu2+ that catalyse the hydrolysis of the 'nerve gas' 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl- methylphosphonofluroidate (soman) by cleaving the P-F bond. A 1/1 glucosamine/Cu2+ ratio whether as glucosamine or glucosamine units, gives the highest hydrolytic rate over t...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(93)90031-s
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyphenols, coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) and chromone (1,4-benzopyrone), are naturally occurring constituent of variety of plant species. They have attracted immense interest because of their diverse pharmacological activities. Not much was known about biological activities of acetyl derivative (polyphenolic acetates) ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.02.025
更新日期:2010-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity induced by the tropolones, beta-thujaplicin (4-isopropyl tropolone), tropolone and tropone, has been studied in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Incubation of hepatocytes with beta-thujaplicin (1-4 mM) elicited a concentration and time-dependent cell killing. Th...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(98)00078-7
更新日期:1998-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a major reactive product of lipid peroxidation, is believed to play a central role in atherogenic actions triggered by oxidized lipoproteins. An aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C15 efficiently reduces HNE and is distributed in many rat tissues including endothelial cells. In this study, we invest...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.12.018
更新日期:2011-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Ultraviolet absorption data and thermal chromatography through hydroxyapatite (HAP) column revealed that furazolidone treatment of Vibrio cholerae cells produced more than 80% of DNA reversibly bihelical due to the formation of interstrand cross-links and the reaction obeyed a first order relation. Sensitivities of th...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(83)90078-9
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common lethal tumors with a high recurrence rate and low survival rate. Therefore, an urgent need exists for novel and effective treatment strategies for HNSCC patients. METHODS:Osthole, a natural ingredient extracted from Cnidium monnieri (L....
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108934
更新日期:2020-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Within the alpha/beta hydrolase fold superfamily of proteins, the COesterase group (carboxylesterase type B, block C, cholinesterases …) diverged from the other groups through simultaneous integration of an N-terminal, first disulfide bond and a significant increase in the protein mean size. This first disulfide bond ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.016
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::tert-Butylhydroquinone (BHQ), an antioxidant used as a food additive, exhibits an anticancer effect at low doses, but is carcinogenic in rodents at high doses. BHQ is metabolized into cytotoxic tert-butylquinone (TBQ), which is further converted to 6-tert-butyl-2,3-epoxy-4-hydroxy-5-cyclohexen-1-one (TBEH) through 6-t...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2014.09.023
更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Disulfiram is a potent antioxidant that prevented the peroxidation of microsomal phospholipids induced by ADP/Fe3+ at concentrations as low as 1 microM. However, disulfiram had a biphasic action when used to assess the role of lipid peroxidation in the killing of cultured hepatocytes by an acute oxidative stress. At a...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(89)90003-3
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with proteins is a topic of high relevance for the medical application of nanomaterials. In the study, a comprehensive investigation was performed for the binding properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to pepsin. The results indicate that the binding of AgNPs to pepsin may be...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2018.03.004
更新日期:2018-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Quantum dots (QDs) are highly promising nanomaterials in bioimaging system because of their bright fluorescence, broad UV excitation, narrow emission band, and high photostability. Recently, there is a great activity on Ag2S quantum dots for both imaging and drug/gene delivery due to the potential of having a better c...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.032
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug induced liver injury (DILI), a major cause of pre- and post-approval failure, is challenging to predict pre-clinically due to varied underlying direct and indirect mechanisms. Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, are antiviral drugs that cause c...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.023
更新日期:2016-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Women all over the world are exposed to an unavoidable contamination by organochlorine pesticides and other chemical pollutants. Many of them are considered as xenoestrogens and have been associated with the development and progression of breast cancer. We have demonstrated that the most prevalent pesticide mixtures f...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.001
更新日期:2017-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::It was estimated, in a rat model of moderate and relatively high chronic human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether enhanced zinc (Zn) consumption may prevent Cd-induced liver injury and if the possible protective effect of this bioelement depends on its intake. For this purpose, the structure and function of the liver o...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2011.05.008
更新日期:2011-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate (CaP) cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in Western societies. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a critical survival pathway for prostate cancer cells, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the principal treatment for patients with locally advanced and metastatic ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.002
更新日期:2016-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::Autooxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) or 1,2,4-benzenetriol (BT), catalysed by hemin in the presence of dithiothreitol was studied in phosphate buffered saline. Inclusion of glutamate in the above reaction mixture resulted in the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive products (TBAR) only in an aerobic atmosphere and ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(91)90093-m
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents an overview of occupational benzene exposures in China based on data published in Chinese medical journals. The data were derived from 384 reports of benzene poisoning or industrial hygiene surveys published in Chinese medical journals between 1960 and 2003. The following information was extracte...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.03.009
更新日期:2005-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorinated nucleoside analogues are a major class of cancer chemotherapy agents, and include the drugs 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd). The aim of this study was to examine the cellular toxicity of two novel fluorinated pyrimidine L-nucleosides that are enantiomers of D-nucleosides and may b...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2015.08.010
更新日期:2015-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatic amines are important intermediates in industrial manufacturing. N-oxidation to the N-hydroxyarylamines is a key step determining the genotoxic properties of aromatic amines. N-hydroxyarylamines can form adducts with DNA, with tissue proteins and with the blood proteins albumin and hemoglobin in a dose-depende...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(92)90029-k
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The secretion of digoxin and digitoxin into in situ perfused jejunal and colonic segments of normal or quinidine treated guinea pigs was studied. Quinidine was administered intravenously by constant rate infusion resulting in a quinidine plasma concentration of about 6 micrograms/ml. After 2 h digoxin or digitoxin was...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80128-9
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metallothioneins (MTs) have demonstrated strong antioxidant properties, however the biological significance of their effect against hydroxyl radical toxicity remains unclear. We investigated the oxidation and turnover of renal MTs in MT-preinduced mice after an injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). Incubatio...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2011.09.006
更新日期:2012-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is coded by the BCHE gene that presents four exons. The non-codifying exon 1 presents two variants -116G and -116A, being -116A preferentially in cis conformation with the 539T variant (K) of exon 4 which was associated with lower BChE activity and lower body mass index (BMI) variance. Thi...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.04.019
更新日期:2008-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The general features of the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) by NADH and phenazine methosulphate (PMS) have been studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic condition the reduction appears to be mediated through the intermediate formation of the superoxide anion radical O2-.; this re...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(78)90090-x
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of benzoflavones on skin tumor initiation by polycyclic hydrocarbons and epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase were investigated. 7,8-Benzoflavone (7,8-BF) was found to be a potent inhibitor of the inhibition of skin tumors by 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) as well as 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). 5,6...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(77)90093-x
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) may perform multiple functions within the cell. It is known to detoxify benzene-derived quinones and generate antioxidant forms of ubiquinone and Vitamin E. Recently suggested roles for NQO1 which may have relevance for mechanisms underlying benzene toxicity include modulation of ...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.03.018
更新日期:2005-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for the reversible binding of paraquat to calf thymus DNA has been obtained using equilibrium dialysis and thermal melting point determinations. The data indicated the presence of at least two populations of binding site with affinity constants of 6.2 X 10(4) and 7.1 X 10(3) M-1, respectively. The binding cap...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0009-2797(87)90035-4
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)i) overload induced by chronic hypoxia alters Ca(2+)i homeostasis, which plays an important role on mediating myocardial injury. We tested the hypothesis that treatment with trimetazidine (TMZ) would improve Ca(2+)i handling in hypoxic myocardial injury. Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonat...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2015.04.022
更新日期:2015-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Anthracyclines (ANTs) are widely used in the treatment of various forms of cancer. Although their usage contributes to an improvement in life expectancy, it is limited by severe adverse effects-acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. Several enzymes from both AKR and SDR superfamilies have been reported as participants in t...
journal_title:Chemico-biological interactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.12.016
更新日期:2011-05-30 00:00:00