Trans/cis (Z/E) photoisomerization of the chromophore of photoactive yellow protein is not a prerequisite for the initiation of the photocycle of this photoreceptor protein.

abstract：:We have developed a low stringency polymerase chain reaction (LSPCR) to isolate the unknown neighboring region around a known DNA sequence, thus allowing efficient targeted gene walking. The method involves the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a single primer under conditions of low stringency for primer annealing...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malo MS,Srivastava K,Andresen JM,Chen XN,Korenberg JR,Ingram VM

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex three-dimensional biophotonic nanostructures produce the vivid structural colors of many butterfly wing scales, but their exact nanoscale organization is uncertain. We used small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) on single scales to characterize the 3D photonic nanostructures of five butterfly species from two fam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saranathan V,Osuji CO,Mochrie SG,Noh H,Narayanan S,Sandy A,Dufresne ER,Prum RO

更新日期：2010-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Stable isotope values of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) in blood, feathers, eggshell, and bone have been used in seabird studies since the 1980s, providing a valuable source of information on diet, foraging patterns, and migratory behavior in these birds. These techniques can also be applied to fossil mater...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emslie SD,Patterson WP

更新日期：2007-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In the normal development of retinotectal connections, the site in the tectum at which an optic fiber synapses is related to the position of its ganglion-cell body in the retina. How and when the ganglion cells acquire information about their positions is unknown, but the positional information that each ganglion cell...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hunt RK,Jacobson M

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated intramembrane proteolysis by gamma-secretase cleaves proteins in their transmembrane domain and is involved in important signaling pathways. At least four different gamma-secretase complexes have been identified, but little is known about their biological role and specificity. Previous work has demonstrated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dejaegere T,Serneels L,Schäfer MK,Van Biervliet J,Horré K,Depboylu C,Alvarez-Fischer D,Herreman A,Willem M,Haass C,Höglinger GU,D'Hooge R,De Strooper B

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanism of growth hormone release by synthetic somatocrinin was investigated on purified hog anterior pituitary secretory granules; the granules were found to contain a cAMP-dependent protein kinase that catalyzed [gamma-32P]-ATP histone phosphorylation with maximal rates ranging from 1 to 5 nmol of Pi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lewin MJ,Reyl-Desmars F,Ling N

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A central question in stem cell biology is whether organ homeostasis is maintained in adult organs through undifferentiated stem cells or self-duplication of specialized cell populations. To address this issue in the exocrine pancreas we analyzed the Bmi1-labeled cell lineage of pancreatic acinar cells. Previously, we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sangiorgi E,Capecchi MR

更新日期：2009-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:By using a systematic genetic approach, the resonances in the 19F NMR spectrum of 3-fluorotyrosine-substituted lac repressor protein have been assigned. The NMR data indicate that each monomer of the repressor consists of two distinct and independent domains. One domain, the NH2-terminal sixth of the primary sequence,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jarema MA,Lu P,Miller JH

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell migration into tissue depends on a cascade of rapid and selective adhesive interactions with endothelium. "Triggering" is a step in that cascade required to activate T-cell integrins. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) may be a physiologically relevant trigger, since we demonstrate that HGF can induce both adhesion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adams DH,Harvath L,Bottaro DP,Interrante R,Catalano G,Tanaka Y,Strain A,Hubscher SG,Shaw S

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:mAbs against tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens have the potential to play a prominent role in cancer immunotherapy. However, it has not been possible to fully exploit the clinical utility of such antibodies primarily, because those of adequate affinity could be derived only from murine sources. To address this pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mao S,Gao C,Lo CH,Wirsching P,Wong CH,Janda KD

更新日期：1999-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We measured the superconducting transition temperature of (6)Li between 16 and 26 GPa, and report the lightest system to exhibit superconductivity to date. The superconducting phase diagram of (6)Li is compared with that of (7)Li through simultaneous measurement in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Below 21 GPa, Li exhibits...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaeffer AM,Temple SR,Bishop JK,Deemyad S

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The shape of the presynaptic action potential (AP) has a strong impact on neurotransmitter release. Because of the small size of most terminals in the central nervous system, little is known about the regulation of their AP shape during natural firing patterns in vivo. The calyx of Held is a giant axosomatic terminal ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sierksma MC,Borst JGG

更新日期：2017-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We quantitatively analyzed, using laser scanning confocal microscopy, the three-dimensional structure of individual senile plaques in Alzheimer disease. We carried out the quantitative analysis using statistical methods to gain insights about the processes that govern Abeta peptide deposition. Our results show that pl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cruz L,Urbanc B,Buldyrev SV,Christie R,Gómez-Isla T,Havlin S,McNamara M,Stanley HE,Hyman BT

更新日期：1997-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) is linked to neuronal injury and death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Of particular relevance for elucidating the role of Abeta in AD is new evidence that oligomeric forms of Abeta are potent neurotoxins that play a major role in neurodegeneration and the strong association of the 42-residue...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bitan G,Kirkitadze MD,Lomakin A,Vollers SS,Benedek GB,Teplow DB

更新日期：2003-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Delayed implantation (embryonic diapause) occurs when the embryo at the blastocyst stage achieves a state of suspended animation. During this period, blastocyst growth is very slow, with minimal or no cell division. Nearly 100 mammals in seven different orders undergo delayed implantation, but the underlying molecular...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamatani T,Daikoku T,Wang H,Matsumoto H,Carter MG,Ko MS,Dey SK

更新日期：2004-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The potent muscarinic photoaffinity reagent N-methyl-4-piperidyl p-azidobenzilate (azido-4NMPB) was used to covalently label specific muscarinic binding sites in various brain regions and in the heart. In the cortex and hippocampus, a single specifically labeled protein with an apparent molecular mass of 86,000 dalton...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Avissar S,Amitai G,Sokolovsky M

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have witnessed an increased public outcry in certain quarters about a perceived lack of attention given to successful members of disadvantaged groups relative to equally meritorious members of advantaged groups, exemplified by social media campaigns centered around hashtags, such as #OscarsSoWhite and #Wo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kteily NS,Rocklage MD,McClanahan K,Ho AK

更新日期：2019-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The cdc25 phosphatases play key roles in cell cycle progression by activating cyclin-dependent kinases. Two members of the 14-3-3 protein family have been isolated in a yeast two-hybrid screen designed to identify proteins that interact with the human cdc25A and cdc25B phosphatases. Genes encoding the human homolog of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Conklin DS,Galaktionov K,Beach D

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a method for predicting protein folding class based on global protein chain description and a voting process. Selection of the best descriptors was achieved by a computer-simulated neural network trained on a data base consisting of 83 folding classes. Protein-chain descriptors include overall composition, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dubchak I,Muchnik I,Holbrook SR,Kim SH

更新日期：1995-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (2-methylmalonyl-CoA CoA-carbonylmutase, EC 5.4.99.2) is a mitochondrial enzyme whose deficiency in man leads to several biochemically and clinically heterogenous++ forms of methylmalonic acidemia. Intact fibroblasts from 21 patients with mutase apoenzyme deficiency have been pulse-labeled wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fenton WA,Hack AM,Kraus JP,Rosenberg LE

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit accumulate the red carotenoid pigment lycopene. The recessive mutation yellow-flesh (locus r) in tomato eliminates fruit carotenoids by disrupting the activity of the fruit-specific phytoene synthase (PSY1), the first committed step in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Fruits of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kachanovsky DE,Filler S,Isaacson T,Hirschberg J

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms of anterior-posterior axis formation are well understood in Drosophila, both embryological and molecular studies suggest significant variation in the mechanisms generating this axis within the Insecta class as a whole. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patel NH

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated, cloned, and characterized two cDNAs corresponding to the mRNAs for cationic peroxidases synthesized by cultured peanut cells. The first clone was obtained from a phage lambda gt11 library screened with antibodies directed against the major secreted isozyme. Its predicted amino acid sequence, deduced ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buffard D,Breda C,van Huystee RB,Asemota O,Pierre M,Ha DB,Esnault R

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the trimeric HIV-1 envelope (Env) spike, the first and second variable loops (V1V2 region) and the third variable loop (V3) of the gp120 subunit play dual roles in antibody recognition, because they contain neutralization epitopes and also participate in epitope masking. The spatial relationships between V1V2 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu L,Cimbro R,Lusso P,Berger EA

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The geographical structure of a population distributed continuously and homogeneously along an infinite linear habitat is explored. The analysis is restricted to a single locus in the absence of selection, and every mutant is assumed to be new to the population. An explicit formula is derived for the probability that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagylaki T

更新日期：1974-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ca(2+) channel alpha(1A)-subunit is a voltage-gated, pore-forming membrane protein positioned at the intersection of two important lines of research: one exploring the diversity of Ca(2+) channels and their physiological roles, and the other pursuing mechanisms of ataxia, dystonia, epilepsy, and migraine. alpha(1A...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jun K,Piedras-Rentería ES,Smith SM,Wheeler DB,Lee SB,Lee TG,Chin H,Adams ME,Scheller RH,Tsien RW,Shin HS

更新日期：1999-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The boreal forests, identified as a critical "tipping element" of the Earth's climate system, play a critical role in the global carbon budget. Recent findings have suggested that terrestrial carbon sinks in northern high-latitude regions are weakening, but there has been little observational evidence to support the i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma Z,Peng C,Zhu Q,Chen H,Yu G,Li W,Zhou X,Wang W,Zhang W

更新日期：2012-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of a recombinant alphaEC domain from human fibrinogen-420 has been determined at a resolution of 2.1 A. The protein, which corresponds to the carboxyl domain of the alphaE chain, was expressed in and purified from Pichia pastoris cells. Felicitously, during crystallization an amino-terminal segme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spraggon G,Applegate D,Everse SJ,Zhang JZ,Veerapandian L,Redman C,Doolittle RF,Grieninger G

更新日期：1998-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-based therapies are attractive for revascularizing and regenerating tissues and organs, but clinical trials of endothelial progenitor cell transplantation have not resulted in consistent benefit. We propose a different approach in which a material delivery system is used to create a depot of vascular progenitor c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silva EA,Kim ES,Kong HJ,Mooney DJ

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:By the use of a rapid radioautographic screening procedure, two mutants of Bacillus brevis ATCC 8185 that have lost the ability to produce gramicidin have been isolated. These mutants produced normal levels of tyrocidine and sporulated at the same frequency as the parent strain. Their spores, however, were more heat-s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mukherjee PK,Paulus H

更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00