Abstract:
:The retinal pigment epithelium is a transporting epithelium that helps regulate the volume and composition of the subretinal space surrounding photoreceptor outer segments. The capacity of the RPE to actively transport Na+ and K+ between the retina and the blood supply depends on the localization of the Na+, K(+)-ATPase to the apical membrane, but in culture this polar distribution can be lost. Using primary cultures of Xenopus RPE, we examined the anatomical and functional polarity of this electrogenic pump. Confluent monolayers were established on Matrigel-coated microporous filters and cultured for 2-4 weeks in serum-free defined medium. Electrogenic pump activity at the apical and basolateral membranes was assayed by mounting the monolayer and filter in an Ussing chamber and exposing one or the other surface to ouabain while recording the apical (Vap) and basolateral (Vba) membrane potentials with an intracellular microelectrode. The addition of 0.2 mM ouabain to the apical bath caused Vap to rapidly depolarize by about 4 mV, consistent with the inhibition of a hyperpolarizing pump current at that membrane. When ouabain was added to the basal bath, however, it had no effect on Vba, suggesting the absence of a functional Na(+)-K+ pump on the basolateral membrane. To confirm these electrophysiological results, we examined the distribution of the Na+, K(+)-ATPase catalytic component using an antiserum specific for the bovine kidney alpha subunit. Antibody labeling of cultures was highly polarized, with strong reaction present on the apical microvilli, but not the basolateral cell surfaces. The findings of this study indicate that the Na(+)-K+ pump in monolayers of Xenopus RPE, as in native RPE, is located mainly in the apical membrane, providing evidence of a functionally intact transport pathway in these primary cultures.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Defoe DM,Ahmad A,Chen W,Hughes BAdoi
10.1006/exer.1994.1144subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-11-01 00:00:00pages
587-96issue
5eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(84)71144-4journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important risk factor for glaucoma, and the response of the ONH and surrounding tissues to elevated IOP are often investigated to better understand pathophysiology. In vivo structure including that of the optic nerve head (ONH) and surrounding tissue of the eye are often assessed using...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2018.01.025
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1996.0087
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rho GTPase regulated contractile signaling in the trabecular meshwork (TM) has been shown to modulate aqueous humor (AH) outflow and intraocular pressure (IOP). To explore whether elevated IOP, a major risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) influences Rho GTPase signaling in the TM, we recorded AH outflow ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.05.001
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(89)80022-3
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the murine subbasal nerve fibre plexus (SNP) regeneration altered by surgical dissection. Investigations in the mouse model addressed the regeneration capabilities of the SNP, and the influence of local ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) application on the regeneration process. In ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2013.12.015
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neovascular eye diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration and proliferative diabetic retinopathy are two of the most common causes of irreversible visual loss. Although mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the mechanisms of these diseases are not fully understood. Molecular inhibitors of ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2011.09.010
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to injury, the adult mammalian retina shows signs of structural remodeling, possibly in an attempt to preserve or regain some of its functional neural connections. In order to study the mechanisms involved in injury-induced plasticity, we have studied changes in growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) after ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2007.01.006
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(84)90188-x
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs) are thought to be one of the main components of fibrous membrane observed in eyes with proliferative vitreo-retinopathy. We investigated the signalling mechanisms of TGF-beta2-dependent collagen gel contraction by RPEs. An in vitro type I collagen gel contraction assay was perfo...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.09.024
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.01.033
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tests the hypothesis that choroidal myogenic autoregulation participates in the intraocular pressure (IOP) response to mean arterial pressure (MAP) by minimizing arterial-pressure-dependent changes in choroidal blood volume. To test this hypothesis, the IOP response to MAP was quantified before and after im...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1047
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebrafish retina regenerates in response to acute retinal lesions, replacing damaged neurons with new neurons. In this study we test the hypothesis that chronic stress to inner retinal neurons also triggers a retinal regeneration response in the bugeye zebrafish. Mutations in the lrp2 gene in zebrafish are associa...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2011.06.001
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact inhibition is an important mechanism for maintaining corneal endothelium in a non-replicative state. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play a role in regulating the integrity of cell-cell contacts, differentiation, and growth. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether phosphatases are involved in the main...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.03.015
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A perifusion system has been designed for metabolic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies of the bovine retina. This system, which allows the use of unmodified commercial probes for multinuclear studies, is shown here to maintain the perifused retina in a metabolic steady state at 25 degrees C, as dedu...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1175
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been shown to rescue dying photoreceptor cells in the RCS rat, a model with a genetic defect of the RPE that impairs outer segment phagocytosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether intravitreal injection of bFGF would have a similar effect on photorecepto...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1996.0147
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to test the selectivity, in-vivo effectiveness, and potential mechanism of action of a linomide analogue (N-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxyl-2-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxamide, Lin05) for inhibition of choroidal neovascularization. The selectivity of Lin05 was tested in cell proliferation assays with...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2010.10.013
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biomechanical environment within the optic nerve head (ONH) is complex and is likely directly involved in the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma. Unfortunately, our understanding of this process is poor. Here we describe factors that influence ONH biomechanics, including ONH connective tissue microa...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.02.005
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soluble VEGF on human choroidal endothelial cell (CEC) transmigration across an RPE monolayer as it relates to choroidal neovascularization in AMD. In coculture assays, ARPE-19 (ARPE) was plated on the undersides of Transwell inserts having 0.4 microm pores. ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.08.021
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signature ophthalmic characteristics of Wilson's disease (WD) are regarded as diagnostically important manifestations of the disease. Previous studies have proved the common occurrence of copper accumulation in the liver of patients with WD. However, in the case of sunflower cataracts, one of the rare diagnostic signs...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2014.02.003
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By means of X-ray diffraction analysis, structural conversions of crystallins in human lens were detected in senile cataract and upon artificial dehydration of lens tissue. In senile cataract certain characteristics of the native three-dimensional structure of gamma- and beta-crystallins are completely lost, whereas d...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(89)80044-2
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rd (retinal degeneration) chick possesses an autosomal recessive mutation which results in behavioral and electrophysiological blindness at hatch. Using the technique of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we have identified two groups of proteins whose expression in the retina/pigment epithelium/choroid (RET/PE/...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(89)80061-2
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two previous studies have shown that N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, protects retinas of albino rats and mice from damaging levels of light. The aims of the present study were two-fold: (1) to confirm the protective effect of L-NAME on wild type albino rats ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(02)00334-2
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents a computational model of the growth of the normal human lens and the induction of spoke-like cortical cataract in the aging lens. The anterior lens is modelled as a 2-D disk with a circumferential germinative zone. Lens cortical fibre cells in the same generation cover the surface in three identica...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.2000.0883
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A lesion in cGMP metabolism has been hypothesized to cause retinal degeneration in rd mice. Available cloned cDNAs coding for proteins involved in the cGMP cascade have been used to compare the corresponding retinal RNAs in the degenerative (rd/rd) mouse at 8-11 days with those in the 8-11-day-old morphologically norm...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80058-1
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glaucoma is defined as a progressive optic neuropathy and is characterized by an irreversible loss of retinal ganglion cells. The main risk factor to develop glaucoma is an increased intraocular pressure (IOP). During the course of glaucoma structural changes in the optic nerve head (ONH) take place which lead to the ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.08.014
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity is an acute form of experimental retinal injury as a result of overactivation of glutamate receptors. NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain containing-3) inflammasome, one of the most studied sensors of innate immunity, ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.01.018
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myopia is one of the leading ocular disorders causing visual impairment worldwide, with the prevalence increasing rapidly. It's a significant global public health concern in 21st century. Myopia, particularly high myopia, often exhibits apparent familial aggregation, and multiple evidences have shown that genetic fact...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.107778
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid increase in popularity of extracapsular cataract extraction may predispose the eye to postoperative bacterial infections by introducing viable organisms through the additional instrumentation and irrigation necessary for the extracapsular technique. Lens protein released into the aqueous humor of the anterio...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(89)80034-x
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulphur-containing compounds in the lens were studied in relation to galactose cataract formation. Female Wistar rats were fed a 35% galactose diet and the changes in lens sulphur concentration and its distribution on a gel filtration column were compared with age-related changes. Concentration of sulphur in the whole...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(92)90068-4
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified retinal pigment epithelial cells of bovine eyes have been fractionated by a series of buffer and detergent extractions. The electropherogram of the buffer-insoluble, Triton X-100-soluble fraction (RPE-TS) exhibits a major polypeptide band of M(r) 65 kDa and a variety of minor components. Electrophoretically p...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(92)90008-g
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00