Changes in solvation during DNA binding and cleavage are critical to altered specificity of the EcoRI endonuclease.

abstract：:Comparisons were made of the T1 ribonuclease digests of 32P-labeled nucleolar 45S RNA of intact Novikoff hepatoma cells and the RNA synthesized in vitro by isolated nucleoli. Approximately 200 oligonucleotide spots were found in the two-dimensional chromatogram of 45S nucleolar RNA labeled in vivo, which includes frag...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ballal NR,Choi YC,Mouche R,Busche H

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electrical transport through self-assembled monolayers of alkanedithiols was studied in large-area molecular junctions and described by the Simmons model [Simmons JG (1963) J Appl Phys 34:1793-1803 and 2581-2590] for tunneling through a practical barrier, i.e., a rectangular barrier with the image potential includ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akkerman HB,Naber RC,Jongbloed B,van Hal PA,Blom PW,de Leeuw DM,de Boer B

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Postnatal development and adult function of the central nervous system are dependent on the capacity of neurons to effect long-term changes of specific properties in response to neural activity. This neuronal response has been demonstrated to be tightly correlated with the expression of a set of regulatory genes which...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufmann WE,Worley PF,Pegg J,Bremer M,Isakson P

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The rat mammary cell line Rama 25 [Bennett, D.C., Peachey, L.A., Durbin, H. & Rudland, P.S. (1978) Cell 15, 283--298] differentiates morphologically in vitro from a cuboidal form to a fusiform cell resembling myoepithelial cells. This differentiation occurs in all clonal isolates of the line. By using three different ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lennon VA,Unger M,Dulbecco R

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of intracellular 26S mRNA of Sindbis virus has been determined by direct sequence analysis of the cDNA made to this RNA with reverse transcriptase. From this, the amino acid sequences of the encoded virus structural proteins, which include a basic capsid protein and two integral membrane glycop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rice CM,Strauss JH

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oligopeptide permease of Escherichia coli has been characterized by Payne, Gilvarg, and their colleagues. We have confirmed its existence in Salmonella typhimurium, and have isolated a series of mutants lacking the permease. We use this transport system for smuggling a histidine biosynthetic intermediate, histidin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ames BN,Ames GF,Young JD,Tsuchiya D,Lecocq J

更新日期：1973-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oil spills can lead to irreversible environmental degradation and are a potential hazard to human health. We study how onshore oil spills affect neonatal and infant mortality by combining spatial data from the Nigerian Oil Spill Monitor with Demographic and Health Surveys. To identify a causal effect, we compare sibli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bruederle A,Hodler R

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of color categories in the world's languages is contested. One major view holds that color categories are organized around universal focal colors, whereas an opposing view holds instead that categories are defined at their boundaries by linguistic convention. Both of these standardly opposed views are chall...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Regier T,Kay P,Khetarpal N

更新日期：2007-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The clonal rat pituitary cell line GH4C1 expresses the genes for several voltage-dependent potassium channels including Kv1.5 and Kv1.4. Dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid agonist, induces a slowly inactivating potassium current in these cells but does not alter the amplitude of a rapidly inactivating component of potass...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chung S,Saal DB,Kaczmarek LK

更新日期：1995-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fbw7 (F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7) ubiquitin ligase targets multiple oncoproteins for degradation and is commonly mutated in cancers. Like other pleiotropic tumor suppressors, Fbw7's complex biology has impeded our understanding of how Fbw7 mutations promote tumorigenesis and hindered the development of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis RJ,Gönen M,Margineantu DH,Handeli S,Swanger J,Hoellerbauer P,Paddison PJ,Gu H,Raftery D,Grim JE,Hockenbery DM,Margolin AA,Clurman BE

更新日期：2018-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Formamide is one of the important compounds from which prebiotic molecules can be synthesized, provided that its concentration is sufficiently high. For nucleotides and short DNA strands, it has been shown that a high degree of accumulation in hydrothermal pores occurs, so that temperature gradients might play a role ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Niether D,Afanasenkau D,Dhont JK,Wiegand S

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA sequences in Neurospora crassa that code for ribosomal RNA have been isolated in a highly purified state by DNA-RNA hybridization. About 100 separate ribosomal RNA genes exist in each nucleus. These genes are composed of repeated sequences that are present about 100 times per nucleus. The individual members of thi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chattopadhyay SK,Kohne DE,Dutta SK

更新日期：1972-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type C retroviruses are endogenous in most vertebrate species. These viruses generally are of low pathogenicity in their natural hosts. Variants that contain cell-derived transforming genes have been isolated infrequently in the past upon continued passage in vivo. We report here a procedure that allows the isolation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rapp UR,Todaro GJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Converging TGF-beta and insulin-like neuroendocrine signaling pathways regulate whether Caenorhabditis elegans develops reproductively or arrests at the dauer larval stage. We examined whether neurotransmitters act in the dauer entry or recovery pathways. Muscarinic agonists promote recovery from dauer arrest induced ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tissenbaum HA,Hawdon J,Perregaux M,Hotez P,Guarente L,Ruvkun G

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The L-A double-stranded RNA virus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae makes a gag-pol fusion protein by a -1 ribosomal frameshift. The pol amino acid sequence includes consensus patterns typical of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (EC 2.7.7.48) of (+) strand and double-stranded RNA viruses of animals and plants. We have carr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ribas JC,Wickner RB

更新日期：1992-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in protein function can lead to changes in the selection acting on specific residues. This can often be detected as evolutionary rate changes at the sites in question. A maximum-likelihood method for detecting evolutionary rate shifts at specific protein positions is presented. The method determines significan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knudsen B,Miyamoto MM

更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:During the developmental process of the Gram-negative soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus, vegetatively growing rod cells differentiate to ultimately become metabolically quiescent and environmentally resistant myxospores encased within fruiting bodies. This program, initiated by nutrient deprivation, is propagated by b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tzeng L,Singer M

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Lost myelin can be replaced after injury or during demyelinating diseases in a regenerative process called remyelination. In the central nervous system (CNS), the myelin sheaths, which protect axons and allow the fast propagation of electrical impulses, are produced by oligodendrocytes. The abundance and widespread di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bielecki B,Mattern C,Ghoumari AM,Javaid S,Smietanka K,Abi Ghanem C,Mhaouty-Kodja S,Ghandour MS,Baulieu EE,Franklin RJ,Schumacher M,Traiffort E

更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Tight junctions (TJs) play a key role in mediating paracellular ion reabsorption in the kidney. The paracellular pathway in the collecting duct of the kidney is a predominant route for transepithelial chloride reabsorption that determines the extracellular NaCl content and the blood pressure. However, the molecular me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hou J,Renigunta A,Yang J,Waldegger S

更新日期：2010-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured high-resolution x-ray absorption spectra of lanthanide (Ln) and heavy transition metal complexes that display prominent narrow absorption peaks near the L2 and L3 absorption edges. The anomalous scattering factors (f' and f"), which are mathematically related to the absorption cross section, have corr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lye RC,Phillips JC,Kaplan D,Doniach S,Hodgson KO

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A de novo mutation in the KCND2 gene, which encodes the Kv4.2 K+ channel, was identified in twin boys with intractable, infant-onset epilepsy and autism. Kv4.2 channels undergo closed-state inactivation (CSI), a mechanism by which channels inactivate without opening during subthreshold depolarizations. CSI dynamically...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin MA,Cannon SC,Papazian DM

更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Development of type 1 diabetes in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is preceded by an immune cell infiltrate in the pancreatic islets. The exact role of the attracted cells is still poorly understood. Chemokine CCL2/MCP-1 is known to attract CCR2(+) monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). We have previously shown that tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kriegel MA,Rathinam C,Flavell RA

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In this note the Weierstrass integral J is taken as L, the Riemann integral of length. Here M(n), n > 1, is a compact, connected manifold of class C(infinity) with a positive definite Riemann structure. Presentations (phi, U(phi)) in M(n) and geodesics (with the aid of the Euler-Riemann equations) are defined in Morse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morse M

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major challenge of the 21st century is to produce more food for a growing population without increasing humanity's agricultural footprint. Urban food production may help to solve this challenge; however, little research has examined the productivity of urban farming systems. We investigated inputs and produce yields...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McDougall R,Kristiansen P,Rader R

更新日期：2019-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonresolving chronic inflammation at the neoplastic site is consistently associated with promoting tumor progression and poor patient outcomes. However, many aspects behind the mechanisms that establish this tumor-promoting inflammatory microenvironment remain undefined. Using bladder cancer (BC) as a model, we found ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheah MT,Chen JY,Sahoo D,Contreras-Trujillo H,Volkmer AK,Scheeren FA,Volkmer JP,Weissman IL

更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Each G protein-coupled receptor recognizes only a distinct subset of the many structurally closely related G proteins expressed within a cell. How this selectively is achieved at a molecular level is not well understood, particularly since no specific point-to-point contact sites between a receptor and its cognate G p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Conklin BR,Blin N,Yun J,Wess J

更新日期：1995-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The candidate phylum TM7 is globally distributed and often associated with human inflammatory mucosal diseases. Despite its prevalence, the TM7 phylum remains recalcitrant to cultivation, making it one of the most enigmatic phyla known. In this study, we cultivated a TM7 phylotype (TM7x) from the human oral cavity. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He X,McLean JS,Edlund A,Yooseph S,Hall AP,Liu SY,Dorrestein PC,Esquenazi E,Hunter RC,Cheng G,Nelson KE,Lux R,Shi W

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible reaction 2H(+) + 2e(-) ↔ H(2) with an equilibrium constant that is dependent on the reducing potential of electrons carried by their redox partner. To examine the possibility of increasing the photobiological production of hydrogen within cyanobacterial cultures, we expressed the [...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ducat DC,Sachdeva G,Silver PA

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Using tunicamycin, we have investigated the role of glycoproteins in membrane transport. Tunicamycin is a glucosamine-containing antibiotic that specifically inhibits dolichol pyrophosphate-mediated glycosylation of asparaginyl residues of glycoproteins. Inhibition of protein glycosylation in chick embryo fibroblasts ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Olden K,Pratt RM,Jaworski C,Yamada KM

更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of systemic PD134308 [0.1-3 mg/kg; an antagonist of the cholecystokinin (CCK) type B receptor], morphine, and intrathecal (i.t.) galanin (GAL) on the excitability of the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and in the hot plate test were examined in rats. PD134308 caused a weak naloxone-reversible depression o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z,Xu XJ,Hughes J,Horwell DC,Hökfelt T

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00