Individual variation in size of the human red and green visual pigment gene array.

abstract：Purpose:Diabetes causes dysfunction in the retinal mitochondria and increases base mismatches in their DNA (mtDNA). The enzyme responsible for repairing the base mismatches, MutL homolog 1 (Mlh1), is compromised. Diabetes also favors many epigenetic modifications and activates DNA methylation machinery, and Mlh1 has a ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Mohammad G,Radhakrishnan R,Kowluru RA

更新日期：2019-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:One of the difficulties in modeling visual field (VF) data is the sometimes large and correlated measurement errors in the point-wise sensitivity estimates. As these errors affect all locations of the same VF, we propose to model them as global visit effects (GVE). We evaluate this model and show the effect it ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Bryan SR,Eilers PH,Lesaffre EM,Lemij HG,Vermeer KA

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We examined if light induces changes in the retinal structure that can be observed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:Normal C57BL/6J mice (age 3-6 months) adapted to either room light (15 minutes to ∼5 hours, 50-500 lux) or darkness (overnight) were imaged using a Bioptigen UHR-OCT system. Conf...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Li Y,Fariss RN,Qian JW,Cohen ED,Qian H

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:In many individuals with pattern strabismus, the vertical misalignment varies with horizontal eye position. It has been proposed that these cross-axis effects result from abnormal cross-talk between brainstem structures that would normally encode horizontal and vertical eye position and velocity. The nucleus pr...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Pallus A,Walton MMG

更新日期：2020-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effects of X-linked and autosomal recessive Alport syndrome on retinal basement membranes and how these result in the characteristic perimacular dot-and-fleck retinopathy, lozenge, and macular hole. METHODS:The type IV collagen chains present in the normal retina were determined immunohistoche...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Savige J,Liu J,DeBuc DC,Handa JT,Hageman GS,Wang YY,Parkin JD,Vote B,Fassett R,Sarks S,Colville D

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was designed to investigate the suppressive effects of antithrombin (AT)III on inflammatory reactions during endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats by studying leukocyte-endothelium interactions. METHODS:EIU was induced in Lewis rats by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ATIII was admin...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Yamashiro K,Kiryu J,Tsujikawa A,Honjo M,Nonaka A,Miyamoto K,Honda Y,Tanihara H,Ogura Y

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the capacity for rapid saccade adaptation in Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, in which it has been observed that saccadic accuracy is severely reduced. METHODS:Saccade amplitude modification was elicited by backward steps (30% of target eccentricity) during ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： van der Geest JN,Haselen GC,Frens MA

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the effects of methylcobalamin on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in the cultured retinal neurons. METHODS:Primary cultures obtained from the fetal rat retina (gestation days 16 to 19) were used for the experiment. The neurotoxicity was assessed quantitatively using the trypan blue exclusion method....

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Kikuchi M,Kashii S,Honda Y,Tamura Y,Kaneda K,Akaike A

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI-3) kinase-Akt signaling pathways after pathologic stimulation by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors of retinal neurons in vivo. METHODS:NMDA (2-200 nmol), SB203580 (0.2-10 nmol, an inhibitor of p3...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Manabe S,Lipton SA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although aqueous outflow is most likely a passive, nonenergy-dependent process, alterations in cellular function in the trabecular meshwork presumably are involved in the development of some types of glaucoma. Accordingly, it seems important to define both the normal and abnormal biochemistry of this tissue. The autho...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Anderson PJ,Karageuzian LN,Cheng HM,Epstein DL

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heightened interest in meibomian glands dysfunction prompted the authors to examine the ultrastructure of the glandular epithelium in specimens of surgical origin, by thin section and freeze-fracture electron microscopies. In meibomian glands, the morphology and ultrastructure of acinar cells varies considerably accor...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Sirigu P,Shen RL,Pinto da Silva P

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The accessory lacrimal glands are assumed to contribute to the production of tear fluid, but little is known about their function. The goal of this study was to conduct an analysis of gene expression by glands of Wolfring that would provide a more complete picture of the function of these glands. METHODS:Gland...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ubels JL,Gipson IK,Spurr-Michaud SJ,Tisdale AS,Van Dyken RE,Hatton MP

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To characterize the expression patterns of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in mouse extraocular muscles (EOMs) during postnatal development. METHODS:MyHC isoform expression in mouse EOMs from postnatal day (P)0 to 3 months was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chair reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemist...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Zhou Y,Liu D,Kaminski HJ

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:To enumerate the ocular surface fungal microbiome of healthy human eyes by using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methods:Tarsal and fornix conjunctiva from the lower and upper lids of both eyes of healthy individuals were swabbed in duplicate separately. A total of 34 samples were collected from both the eye...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Shivaji S,Jayasudha R,Sai Prashanthi G,Kalyana Chakravarthy S,Sharma S

更新日期：2019-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the distribution of lesions associated with age-related maculopathy by location in the macula in a population of adult Americans. METHODS:Four thousand nine hundred twenty-six persons ranging in age from 43 to 84 years and living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, at the time of a census (1987-1988) were ex...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Wang Q,Chappell RJ,Klein R,Eisner A,Klein BE,Jensen SC,Moss SE

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To measure high-resolution eye-specific displacements and deformations induced within the human LC microstructure by an acute increase in IOP. METHODS:Six eyes from donors aged 23 to 82 were scanned using second harmonic-generated (SHG) imaging at various levels of IOP from 10 to 50 mm Hg. An image registratio...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Sigal IA,Grimm JL,Jan NJ,Reid K,Minckler DS,Brown DJ

更新日期：2014-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the specific role of very late antigen-1 (VLA-1; also known as integrin α1β1) in corneal inflammatory lymphangiogenesis in vivo and lymphatic endothelial cell functions in vitro. METHODS:A standard suture-induced corneal inflammatory lymphangiogenesis model was used in normal adult BALB/c mice t...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Grimaldo S,Yuen D,Ecoiffier T,Chen L

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To mathematically analyze and to clinically describe specific anatomic foveal configurations predisposing to the formation of macular holes in comparison with normal foveal anatomy. METHODS:In a retrospective observational case-control series, a total of 3882 optical coherence tomography (OCT) foveal thickness...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Barak Y,Sherman MP,Schaal S

更新日期：2011-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Human brain generates miniature eye movements, such as microsaccades, to counteract image fading due to visual adaptation. Generation of microsaccade relies on the amount of retinal error or acuity demand for a desired visual task. The goal of this study was to assess the influence of visual blur, induced by un...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ghasia FF,Shaikh AG

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as a potential cause of the blood-retinal barrier breakdown at the onset of angiogenesis. Previously, glial cells were shown to play a role in the angiogenesis process and to express the angiogenic regulating factor T...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Behzadian MA,Wang XL,Windsor LJ,Ghaly N,Caldwell RB

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth of the embryonic chick cornea was directly related to, and coordinated with, overall eye growth. During normal development, the size of the embryonic chick cornea increased in three linear phases of diametric growth. Corneal diameter increased at a rate of 216 microns per day between embryonic day 4 (E4) and E7...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Bee JA,Roche SM

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether the detection of apoptosing retinal cells (DARC) could detect cells undergoing apoptosis in a laser model of retinal damage. METHODS:Laser lesions were placed, with the use of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, on the retina in 34 eyes of anesthetized Dark Agouti rats. Lesion size and las...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Schmitz-Valckenberg S,Guo L,Maass A,Cheung W,Vugler A,Moss SE,Munro PM,Fitzke FW,Cordeiro MF

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Experiments in chickens have implicated the transcription factor ZENK (also known as Egr-1, NGFI-A, zif268, tis8, cef5, and Krox24) in the feedback mechanisms for visual control of axial eye growth and myopia development. ZENK is upregulated in retinal glucagon amacrine cells when axial eye growth is inhibited ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Schippert R,Burkhardt E,Feldkaemper M,Schaeffel F

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To test a newly developed tear evaporimetry system that detects real-time changes in tear evaporation rates and shows the tear film stability in patients with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS:A ventilated chamber system with high-sensitivity microbalance sensor was used to evaluate tear e...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Goto E,Endo K,Suzuki A,Fujikura Y,Matsumoto Y,Tsubota K

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Since, to our knowledge, there are no reports on the prevalence of the blaNDM-1 gene among ocular isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, and only limited information on the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among ocular bacterial isolates are available, our study was undertaken. METHODS:A prospe...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Sowmiya M,Malathi J,Madhavan HN

更新日期：2012-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The outcome of glaucoma filtration surgery is affected by subconjunctival wound healing. The effects of the antiglaucoma drug latanoprost on the contractility of human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) cultured in a three-dimensional collagen gel were investigated. METHODS:HTFs were cultured in a type I collagen gel wi...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Liu Y,Ko JA,Yanai R,Kimura K,Chikama T,Sagara T,Nishida T

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Previous in vitro studies with transgenic and gene-knockout mice have shown that lenses with elevated levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-1 activity are able to resist the cytotoxic effect of H(2)O(2), compared with normal lenses and lenses from GPX-1-deficient animals. The purpose of this study was to inves...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Reddy VN,Giblin FJ,Lin LR,Dang L,Unakar NJ,Musch DC,Boyle DL,Takemoto LJ,Ho YS,Knoernschild T,Juenemann A,Lütjen-Drecoll E

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Lymphatic research has progressed rapidly in recent years. Lymphatic dysfunction has been found in myriad disorders from cancer metastasis to transplant rejection; however, effective treatment for lymphatic disorders is still limited. This study investigates the role of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in corneal inflamm...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Yuen D,Grimaldo S,Sessa R,Ecoiffier T,Truong T,Huang E,Bernas M,Daley S,Witte M,Chen L

更新日期：2014-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To define the inductive pathways leading to rat tear IgA antibody responses. METHODS:Fluoresceinated dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin was encapsulated in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles and was administered by intranasal, ocular topical, or gastrointestinal routes. Histologic methods were used ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ridley Lathers DM,Gill RF,Montgomery PC

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA/HRP) was used to study the localization of the neurons that innervate the superior tarsal muscle in the cynomolgus monkey. METHODS:A 5-10% WGA-HRP solution was applied to the medial part of the superior tarsal muscle. Seventy-two hou...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： van der Werf F,Baljet B,Prins M,Timmerman A,Otto JA

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00