Abstract:
:The IL-2R gamma chain (IL-2R gamma) is an essential component of high- and intermediate-affinity IL-2Rs, playing critical roles for ligand binding and internalization. Recently, our laboratory has demonstrated that IL-2R gamma mutation results in X chromosome-linked severe combined immunodeficiency in humans, suggesting that IL-2R gamma plays a vital role in thymic maturation of human T cells. We now report the isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding murine IL-2R gamma. The open reading frame encodes 369 aa, identical in length to that encoded by the human IL-2R gamma cDNA. Murine IL-2R gamma and human IL-2R gamma have 69% and 70% identity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. As expected, the murine IL-2R gamma retains the WSXWS motif and four cysteine residues characteristic of cytokine receptor superfamily members. IL-2R gamma mRNA distribution shows significant tissue specificity, with particularly high-level expression in spleen and thymus, and higher expression in single-positive (CD4+8- or CD4-8+)-enriched thymocytes than in double-negative (CD4-8-) thymocytes. Finally, we have localized the murine IL-2R gamma gene, Il2rg, to the X chromosome between Rsvp and Plp and demonstrated that a defect in IL-2R gamma is not responsible for the X chromosome-linked xid mutation, which maps to this same region. The cloning of the murine IL-2R gamma cDNA will facilitate the investigation of the role of this protein in lymphocyte function and thymic development.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Cao X,Kozak CA,Liu YJ,Noguchi M,O'Connell E,Leonard WJdoi
10.1073/pnas.90.18.8464subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-15 00:00:00pages
8464-8issue
18eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The brain continuously influences and perceives the physiological condition of the body. Related cortical representations have been proposed to shape emotional experience and guide behavior. Although previous studies have identified brain regions recruited during autonomic processing, neurological lesion studies have ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1509184113
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle fibers are defined by patterned covariation of key traits that determine contractile and metabolic characteristics. Although the functional properties of most skeletal muscles result from their proportional content of a few conserved muscle fiber types, some, typically craniofacial, muscles exhibit fib...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.211257298
更新日期:2001-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Type IV pili (Tfp) are highly conserved macromolecular structures that fulfill diverse cellular functions, such as adhesion to host cells, the import of extracellular DNA, kin recognition, and cell motility (twitching). Outstandingly, twitching motility enables a poorly understood process by which highly coordinated g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2002783117
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic regions of nearly every species diverged into different haplotypes, mostly based on point mutations, small deletions, and insertions that do not affect the collinearity of genes within a species. However, the same genomic interval containing the z1C gene cluster of two inbred lines of Zea mays significantly lo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1032999100
更新日期:2003-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::The primary structure of about half of the protein chain of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase has been determined and compared with the amino-acid sequences of other dehydrogenases. The enzyme is found to be distantly related to horse-liver alcohol dehydrogenase, although these two proteins have different quaternary structu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.8.2295
更新日期:1973-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported previously that murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with whole tumor lysates can mediate potent antitumor immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. Because successful therapy was dependent on host immune T cells, we have now evaluated whether the systemic administration of the T c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2268
更新日期:1999-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects of alkylating agents have been attributed to their ability to damage DNA. Reaction at the O6 position of guanine results in miscoding during DNA replication, has been shown to be mutagenic in both bacteriophage and bacteria, and may be responsible for malignant transforma...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.17.6292
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocean acidification (OA) refers to the ongoing decline in oceanic pH resulting from the uptake of atmospheric CO(2). Mounting experimental evidence suggests that OA will have negative consequences for a variety of marine organisms. Whereas the effect of OA on the calcification of adult reef corals is increasingly well...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1007273107
更新日期:2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of refolding of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) have been examined upon dilution of unfolded enzyme in 4.5 M urea to 1.29 M urea in 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 10 degrees C. Changes in the intrinsic protein fluorescence on refolding are characterized by four phases. Based on ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4413
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placental abnormalities occur frequently in cloned animals. Here, we attempted to isolate trophoblast stem (TS) cells from mouse blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) at the blastocyst stage (NT blastocysts). Despite the predicted deficiency of the trophoblast cell lineage, we succeeded in isolati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908009106
更新日期:2009-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Perfusion of rat hearts with Krebs--Henseleit medium containing 10 mM L-leucine methyl ester leads to swelling of lysosomes and loss of lysosomal integrity within 30-60 min. No morphological changes can be detected in the nuclei, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, or Golgi complex as a result of the treatment with ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.7.4426
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of three anti-inflammatory drugs, which interfere with arachidonic acid transformation by three different enzymes, have been compared by using a simple model of tissue damage and foreign body rejection. In groups of control rats, subcutaneously implanted polyester sponges were rejected after a mean of 12 d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.9.2890
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We visualized synchronous dynamic brain networks by using prewhitened (stationary) magnetoencephalography signals. Data were acquired from 248 axial gradiometers while 10 subjects fixated on a spot of light for 45 s. After fitting an autoregressive integrative moving average model and taking the residuals, all pairwis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0509623102
更新日期:2006-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Small proteins can fold remarkably rapidly, even in μs. What limits their rate of folding? The Engrailed homeodomain is a particularly well-characterized example, which folds ultrafast via an intermediate, I, of solved structure. It is a puzzle that the helix2-turn-helix3 motif of the 3-helix bundle forms in approxima...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1011666107
更新日期:2010-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in WNK1 and WNK4 lead to familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt). Because FHHt associates net positive Na(+) balance together with K(+) and H(+) renal retention, the identification of WNK1 and WNK4 led to a new paradigm to explain how aldosterone can promote either Na(+) reabsorption or K(+) secretion in a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1006128107
更新日期:2010-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::The oxygen isotope record of the last million years, as provided by a deep sea core sediment, is analyzed by a method recently developed in the theory of dynamical systems. The analysis suggests that climatic variability is the manifestation of a chaotic dynamics described by an attractor of fractal dimensionality. A ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.3.536
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The matrix of second derivatives of 21 apparent local energy minima of deca-L-alanine has been computed. The results show that all these conformations are true local energy minima and, therefore, potentially stable conformations for this peptide. Calculations of the relative statistical weights of these conformations ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.63.2.242
更新日期:1969-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimates of relative rates of molecular evolution from a DNA-hybridization phylogeny for 26 hummingbird species provide evidence for a negative association between elevation and rate of single-copy genome evolution. This effect of elevation on rate remains significant even after taking into account a significant nega...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.612
更新日期:1998-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Nanobacteria-like objects evidenced at the surface of the orthopyroxenes of the Tataouine meteorite in South Tunisia have been studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. A method of micromanipulation has been developed to ensure that exactly the same objects were studied by both methods. We have shown...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0832464100
更新日期:2003-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Receptors for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) have previously only been found on cells of mesenchymal and glial origin. This study shows PDGF receptors on an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line, C 643, that was found to express thyroglobulin mRNA, confirming its origin from thyroid epithelium. Northern blot a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.9302
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are central components of signal transduction pathways for cell proliferation, stress responses, and differentiation. Signaling efficiency and specificity are modulated in large part by docking interactions between individual MAP kinase and the kinase interaction motif (KIM), (R...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0510506103
更新日期:2006-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Sliding at a quasi-statically loaded frictional interface can occur via macroscopic slip events, which nucleate locally before propagating as rupture fronts very similar to fracture. We introduce a microscopic model of a frictional interface that includes asperity-level disorder, elastic interaction between local slip...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1906551116
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Cells are dynamical systems of biomolecular interactions that process information from their environment to mount diverse yet specific responses. A key property of many self-organized systems is that of criticality: a state of a system in which, on average, perturbations are neither dampened nor amplified, but are pro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711525105
更新日期:2008-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is the most highly elevated hepatic miR in obese mice and is also substantially elevated in patients who have steatosis, but its role in obesity and metabolic dysfunction remains unclear. After a meal, FGF19 is secreted from the ileum; binds to a hepatic membrane receptor complex, FGF19 receptor...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1205951109
更新日期:2012-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cell aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum appears to involve the production and detection of 3':5'-cyclic AMP. Two pertinent catalytic activities have been studied in concentrates from D. discoideum purified 50- to 100-fold. They are (i) adenylate cyclase and (ii) ATP pyrophosphohydrolase. ATP pyrophosphohydrolase ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.1254
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oil-in-water emulsions are potent human adjuvants used for effective pandemic influenza vaccines; however, their mechanism of action is still unknown. By combining microarray and immunofluorescence analysis, we monitored the effects of the adjuvants MF59 oil-in-water emulsion, CpG, and alum in the mouse muscle. MF59 i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804699105
更新日期:2008-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::In the absence of adaptive immunity displayed by animals, plants respond locally to biotic challenge via inducible basal defense networks activated through recognition and response to conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In addition, immunity can be induced in tissues remote from infection sites by system...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605423104
更新日期:2007-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping methods are necessary to accomplish many current gene discovery goals. A crucial element in large-scale SNP genotyping is the number of individual biochemical reactions that must be performed. An efficient method that can be used to simultaneously amplify a set...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.261710699
更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Messenger RNA from rat liver was partially purified by chromatography on cellulose on the basis of its poly(A) content. Microgram amounts of this RNA stimulate protein synthesis manyfold in a heterologous cell-free system, derived from Krebs ascites cells supplemented with reticulocyte initiation factors. The messenge...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.4.1218
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of rare copy number variants (CNVs), including both deletions and duplications, have been associated with developmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Pathogenicity may derive from dosage sensitivity of one or more genes contained within the CNV locus. To un...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1309324111
更新日期:2014-01-07 00:00:00