Abstract：
STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to examine whether the high mortality in lower salaried men in Norway was related to an inflow into this group of unskilled workers with high mortality. DESIGN:Individual information on occupation was derived from the 1970 and the 1980 censuses and linked to mortality data for the period 1980-5 by the official, individual identification numbers. PARTICIPANTS:The study population included Norwegian men aged 20-64 years in 1980. All men enumerated in the 1980 census (and who were registered in the 1970 census) within the two occupational groups, unskilled workers and lower salaried employees, were included. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:The subjects were allocated to the two occupational groups according to the official Norwegian classification of socioeconomic status. Mortality was measured by standardised mortality ratios (SMR). The findings suggest that a fairly large number of unskilled workers with high mortality move into the lower salaried employee group. This transition produces a higher SMR in lower salaried employees and, simultaneously, an artificially but modestly lower SMR in unskilled workers. The difference in SMR between the two groups is thereby exaggerated by 44%. The difference among the elderly was smaller. CONCLUSION:Occupational mobility consistent with "the healthy worker effect" increases the SMR of lower salaried men and, at the same time, reduces slightly the SMR of unskilled workers.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Dahl Edoi
10.1136/jech.47.3.192subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
192-4issue
3eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The Ottawa Charter has exerted a great deal of influence on the public health debate and on health promotion practices over the last 25 years. The Charter shifted the main focus from individual risk behaviours to social determinants of health, and introduced innovative strategies such as participatory processes and em...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2010.110437
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS:There is widespread consensus on the need for better indicators of the effectiveness of healthcare. We carried out an analysis of the validity of amenable mortality as an indicator of the effectiveness of healthcare, focusing on the potential use in routine surveillance systems of between-coun...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2012-201471
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To compare health walks, a community based lay-led walking scheme versus advice only on physical activity and cardiovascular health status in middle aged adults. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial with one year follow up. Physical activity was measured by questionnaire. Other measures included attitude...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/jech.56.4.246
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A commonly used estimate of a screening test's sensitivity, based on the prevalence at screening and the incidence of interval cancers, is shown to be logically unsound and quantitatively poor. An alternative simple estimate is proposed, based only on incidence rates. ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.39.4.364
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to examine a cohort of cases of childhood cancer occurring in a defined geographical area to try to identify clustering and possible causative factors. DESIGN:Data were analysed using the close pair method developed by Knox for signs of clustering in relation to date and place ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.44.1.55
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the relation between socioeconomic status and the age-sex specific prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The hypothesis was that prevalence of type 2 diabetes would be inversely related to socioeconomic status but there would be no association with the prevalence of type 1 diabetes a...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.54.3.173
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the association of residential density with overweight among adolescents in an urban area of China. METHODS:Using multistage proportional sampling methods, a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Nanjing between September and November 2004 (n=2375; mean age=13.9 ± 1....
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2009.094169
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with higher risk of preterm birth and reduced fetal growth, but heterogeneity among prior studies suggests that additional studies are needed in diverse populations and settings. We examined the associations between maternal ambient air pollution...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2017-208963
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To describe the situation of the influenza in Portugal through the estimates of the incidence rates and the identification of the viral strains implicated on it during the period 1990-1996. DESIGN:The integrated clinical and laboratory surveillance system for influenza in Portugal is based on the Portuguese...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Although national variation in short-term prognosis (that is, 30 day mortality) after a patient's first hospitalisation for heart failure may depend on individual differences between patients, dissimilarities in hospital practices may also influence prognosis. This study, therefore, sought to disentangl...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.55.5.323
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight hundred and ninety-nine men were studied, aged 16-65 inclusive, who underwent an elective inguinal herniorrhaphy during 1970 and 1971 in eight hospitals in Wessex, and under nine consultant surgeons. There was a significant variation in postoperative inpatient stay and total sickness absence between hospitals an...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.33.2.121
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although long working hours have been shown to be associated with the onset of cardiometabolic diseases, the clinical risk factor profile associated with long working hours remains unclear. We compared the clinical risk profile between people who worked long hours and those who reported being never exposed t...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2018-210943
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The adverse health and environmental effects of poor housing quality are well established. A central requirement for evidence-based policies and programmes to improve housing standards is a valid, reliable and practical way of measuring housing quality that is supported by policy agencies, the housing sector...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2009.100701
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the relative health effects of the income and health insurance provisions of the Los Angeles City living wage ordinance. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:About 10 000 employees of city contractors are subject to the Los Angeles City living wage ordinance, which establishes an annually adjusted mini...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2004.028142
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To assess the completeness and accuracy of notification of cancers by the National Health Service Central Register (NHSCR) for England and Wales. DESIGN:Comparison of 720 cancer registrations ascertained from NHSCR up to May 1999 with those ascertained for the same cohort from six other sources and a p...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.55.6.414
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Mental distress may entail increased risk of hip fracture, but it is uncertain whether the effect consists solely of an indirect effect through use of medication, or whether it is also mediated through other mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between mental distress and risk o...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.53.6.343
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aims were (1) to assess whether termination of pregnancy after prenatal screening by ultrasound affected the prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth, and (2) to examine the trend of this pattern over time. DESIGN:This study deals with congenital anomalies, possibly detectable prenatally or at b...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.48.3.290
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort of 6168 schizophrenic patients was followed from 1957 to 1984 to determine the incidence of cancer in these patients. In the male schizophrenic patients the incidence of cancer was found to be significantly reduced in comparison with the general Danish population. This reduction was especially marked for canc...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.43.1.43
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective study of human reproduction was conducted in Tamilnadu State, South India, from 1969 to 1975. This paper reports twinning rates and relates these to maternal age, parity, and consanguinity. Birth weights and other dimensions at birth and infant mortality are also studied. The overall twinning rate was 1 ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.37.2.117
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence on the role of cannabis as a gateway drug is inconsistent. We characterise patterns of cannabis use among UK teenagers aged 13-18 years, and assess their influence on problematic substance use at age 21 years. METHODS:We used longitudinal latent class analysis to derive trajectories of cannabis use...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2016-208503
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study examined the prevalence of body dissatisfaction as a function of individual level and neighbourhood level indicators of affluence. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:A subset of data from a larger random digit dialling telephone survey was used to obtain individual level data on body dissatisfaction, ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.56.3.193
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of history in public health and its relevance to current practice and professional development. DESIGN:An analysis of the issues surrounding the poor attention paid to the history of public health by its current practitioners. SETTING:The paper is written from the perspective of pr...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2003.014340
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:A statistical test that allows for adjustment of confounding can be helpful for the study of seasonal patterns. The aim of this article is to supply a detailed description of such a method. An example of its application is given. DESIGN:A statistical test is presented that retains the information on th...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.53.4.235
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Public health advocacy is the strategic use of news media to advance a public policy initiative, often in the face of opposition. ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2003.018051
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the value of psychosocial risk factors in discriminating between individuals at higher and lower risk of coronary heart disease, using risk prediction equations. DESIGN:Prospective observational study. SETTING:Scotland. PARTICIPANTS:5191 employed men aged 35 to 64 years and free of coronary heart...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2006.055921
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Financial strain is associated with earlier disability and mortality, but causal links are underexplored, partly because it is unethical to randomise people to financial stress. This study leverages naturally occurring random variation in days since monthly Social Security payment arrival among older adults ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2020-213807
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to estimate the health and social costs of tobacco use in Ontario, Canada. DESIGN:This was a cost-benefit analysis based on cross sectional data in 1988, stratified by age and sex, using an attributable risk model. The total cost of the consequences of tobacco use in the society includ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.50.1.81
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association of self-reported health (SRH) with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, life stress, and sociobehavioural factors in adults aged 55 and over. DESIGN:Secondary analysis of data from the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS) in Taiwan in 2000, comprising 1023 individu...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/jech.2007.063917
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess evidence for residential mobility in childhood having an adverse association with health outcomes through the life course. METHODS:A systematic search of medical and social sciences literature was undertaken to identify research defining residential mobility as an independent variable and in which ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/jech.2007.060103
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cross-cohort comparison is an established method for improving causal inference. This study compared 2 cohorts, 1 from a high-income country and another from a middle-income country, to (1) establish whether birth exposures may play a causal role in the development of childhood attention problems; and (2) id...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2015-206222
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
