Evaluation of soil radioactivities using pedologically based sampling techniques.

abstract：:Often, the radiation exposure levels around brachytherapy patient rooms exceed the limits allowed by Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations and National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) recommendations. Since a neighboring patient may be present in the radiation field from a brachytherapy patient, or pa...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Thomadsen B,van de Geijn J,Buchler D,Paliwal B

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of laboratory animal retinal exposure to green monochromatic laser radiation show an increasing stability of tissue with increasing pulse duration up to 10(-1) s. This mechanism of biological response of the eye to light damage is fundamental to living systems. It does not manifest itself in animals under deep...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zheltov G,Glazkov V,Podol'tzef A,Linnik L,Privalov A

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed to identify exposure to depleted uranium by measuring the isotopic composition of uranium in urine. Exposure to depleted uranium results in a decreased percentage of 235U in urine samples causing measurements to vary between n...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ejnik JW,Carmichael AJ,Hamilton MM,McDiarmid M,Squibb K,Boyd P,Tardiff W

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New technologies such as intensity modulated and image guided radiation therapy, computer controlled linear accelerators, record and verify systems, electronic charts, and digital imaging have revolutionized radiation therapy over the past 10-15 y. Quality assurance (QA) as historically practiced and as recommended in...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Amols HI

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The (241)Am contents in the United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries' (USTUR) case 0102 leg phantom were previously estimated to be 1,243 ± 11 Bq. Recent analysis of the computed tomography images of the phantom revealed multiple bone structures missing from various regions of the phantom skeleton including: ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tabatadze G,Brey RR,Kramer GH,Capello K,Meldrum DJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple planar high-purity Ge detectors have been used for the past year to detect, localize and quantify several radionuclides in radiation workers. The advantages of these detectors over NaI(Tl), phoswich, and arrays of planar Ge detectors attached to a single cryostat are illustrated by the results of the measurem...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Palmer HE,Rieksts G

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This work summarizes the measurements and associated environmental dosimetry of reactor-released 137Cs and 134Cs and weapons-produced 137Cs in samples of water, shoreline sediment and fish collected from 1971 to 1980 in the Hudson River Estuary. Trends observed in annual mean concentrations and the resultant dose impl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Linsalata P,Hickman D,Cohen N

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Instrumentation and application methodologies for rapidly and accurately estimating individual ionizing radiation dose are needed for on-site triage in a radiological/nuclear event. One such methodology is an in vivo X-band, electron paramagnetic resonance, physically based dosimetry method to directly measure the rad...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Swarts SG,Sidabras JW,Grinberg O,Tipikin DS,Kmiec MM,Petryakov SV,Schreiber W,Wood VA,Williams BB,Flood AB,Swartz HM

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on occupational radiation exposure from nuclear medicine procedures for the time period of the 1950s through the 1970s is important for retrospective health risk studies of medical personnel who conducted those activities. However, limited information is available on occupational exposure received by physicians a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Drozdovitch V,Brill AB,Mettler FA Jr,Beckner WM,Goldsmith SJ,Gross MD,Hays MT,Kirchner PT,Langan JK,Reba RC,Smith GT,Bouville A,Linet MS,Melo DR,Lee C,Simon SL

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many, the thought of terrorists detonating a dirty bomb--a radiological dispersal device--is frightening. However, the radiation health risks from such an occurrence are small. For most people directly involved, the exposure would have an estimated lifetime health risk that is comparable to the health risk from sm...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ring JP

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 29 December 1970, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 established the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). This article on OSHA, Title 29, Part 1910.1096 Ionizing Radiation standard was written to increase awareness of the employer, the workforce, state and federal governments, and those...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lewis RK

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between 1952 and 1992, more than 200 large radiobiology studies were conducted in research institutes throughout Europe, North America, and Japan to determine the effects of external irradiation and internal emitters on the lifespan and tissue toxicity development in animals. At Argonne National Laboratory, 22 externa...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Haley B,Wang Q,Wanzer B,Vogt S,Finney L,Yang PL,Paunesku T,Woloschak G

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study estimated the radiation exposure attributed to nuclear medicine examinations during the period of 1985 through 1992 in Slovak Republic. It was accomplished by survey of nuclear medicine facilities from 1987 to 1992. In addition, a detailed analysis of nuclear medicine practice was obtained for 1992. The mea...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ftácniková S,Ragan P

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, radiation protection philosophy and practice have been the domain of professionals trained in the physical and medical sciences. Radiation protection policy was formulated and implemented largely without consultation with or participation by other professional disciplines or the general public. Although, ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Florig HK

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on lung cancer mortality rates vs. average radon concentration in homes for 1,601 U.S. counties are used to test the linear-no threshold theory. The widely recognized problems with ecological studies, as applied to this work, are addressed extensively. With or without corrections for variations in smoking prevale...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1980, the NCRP formed Scientific Committee 66 with an assignment to address the subject of "biological effects of ultrasound and exposure criteria." It was recognized that the primary source of exposure to ultrasound was through medical applications and, especially, through procedures employing diagnostic ultrasoun...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nyborg WL

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of patients with late stage castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) develop bone metastases that often result in significant bone pain. Therapeutic palliation strategies can delay or prevent skeletal complications and may prolong survival. An alpha-particle based therapy, radium-223 dichloride (²²³RaC...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dauer LT,Williamson MJ,Humm J,O'Donoghue J,Ghani R,Awadallah R,Carrasquillo J,Pandit-Taskar N,Aksnes AK,Biggin C,Reinton V,Morris M,St Germain J

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The estimated values of time-integrated dose equivalent are different if one assumes continuous intake, such as is the case for longer-term environmental exposures, instead of instantaneous intake, which is the assumption made for most standardized computational procedures. This paper presents the solutions of the fir...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Manuca D,Kearfott KJ

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant portion of the cost for D&D is related to low-level waste disposal, decontamination, and final radiological survey. For that reason, a careful cost-benefit analysis must be performed weighing the cost of decontaminating and radiologically surveying the building media for release against the cost of dispo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Barroso J,Roberts S

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depleted uranium was first used on a large scale as a major component of munitions and armaments employed by the U.S. armed forces during the Gulf War in 1991. In response to concern that exposure to depleted uranium may have been a cause of health problems suffered by returning veterans of that war, an already existi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McDiarmid MA,Engelhardt SM,Oliver M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) operates an environmentally controlled chamber for purposes of exposing various radon and decay product measurement equipment to known (222)Rn concentrations. Exposure durations range from 1 h to several months, and (222)Rn concentrations vary between 37 and 4,440 Bq m(-3...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ronca-Battista M,Budd G,McLemore S

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calculations of Committed Effective Dose Equivalent (CEDE) due to inhalation using four of the five methods suggested in the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 8.34 (1992a) were performed to determine if any significant differences in the calculated value of the CEDE exist for typical power p...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Windham JR,Kearfott KJ,Mis FJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The monetary value of the averted dose is a key element in the implementation of the optimization principle both in radiation praxis and intervention. The main concept of this principle is to select options so as to maintain exposures at a reasonable level. The feature of this concept is to look for the minimal total ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Eged K,Kanyár B,Kis Z,Tatay T,Ivády A,Volent G

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is strong evidence that ionizing radiation increases cancer risks at high doses (e.g., >or=1 Gy), and persuasive, if controversial, epidemiological evidence that cancer risks are increased at low doses ( approximately 10 mGy). Discussed here are the issues related to extrapolating radiation risks from low radiat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brenner DJ

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our analysis of data from the beagle project completed at the University of Utah has provided some comparisons that appear to be useful in testing the model proposed by Raabe of effective thresholds for induction of skeletal malignancy by bone-seeking radionuclides in beagles. Raabe's model predicted that cumulative s...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lloyd RD,Taylor GN,Fisher DR,Schlenker RA,Miller SC

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation dose calculations in nuclear medicine depend on quantification of activity via planar and/or tomographic imaging methods. However, both methods have inherent limitations, and the accuracy of activity estimates varies with object size, background levels, and other variables. The goal of this study was to eval...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Pereira JM,Stabin MG,Lima FR,Guimarães MI,Forrester JW

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three statistical control chart methods were investigated to determine the one with the highest detection probability and the best average run length (ARL). The three control charts include the Shewhart control chart of count data, cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis of count data (Poisson CUSUM), and CUSUM analysis of ti...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Luo P,Devol TA,Sharp JL

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timely achievement of uranium series' secular equilibrium is not always feasible. Our objective is to mathematically justify methods for early uranium series gamma spectroscopy measurements that can accurately predict naturally occurring radioactive material equilibrium activities long before equilibrium is establishe...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wilson CA 4th,Matthews KL 2nd,Hamideh AM,Wang WH

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations and the organ distribution patterns of 228Th, 230Th and 232Th in two 9-y-old dogs of our beagle colony were determined. The dogs were exposed only to background environmental levels of Th isotopes through ingestion (food and water) and inhalation as are humans. The organ distribution patterns of the...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Singh NP,Zimmerman CJ,Taylor GN,Wrenn ME

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents the findings of a study undertaken to determine the natural radioactivity present in some building materials in Nigeria using a gamma-ray spectrometer with a hyper pure germanium detector. A total of 118 samples of commonly used building materials were collected from manufacturers and suppliers of ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ademola JA

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00