Abstract：
:Chronic alcoholic liver disease is associated with several immunological alterations: depressed T-cell function, low serum gamma-interferon, and high serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin levels. Therefore, macrophage activity seems to be enhanced. Some cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, exert adverse effects on chronic alcoholic liver disease, so that protracted activation of macrophages with continuous TNF-alpha production may aggravate alcoholic hepatitis. Based on these facts we have sequentially determined serum levels of TNF-alpha, 1 beta interleukin (IL-1 beta), gamma-interferon and neopterin--a macrophage product--at admission, and at the end of the first, third and sixth weeks after admission, of 43 patients affected by alcoholic hepatitis, and of 20 age-matched sanitary workers as controls. Our patients showed higher levels of neopterin and lower levels of IL-1 beta and gamma-interferon than the controls; TNF-alpha levels in our patients were almost significantly higher than in controls. TNF-alpha levels at admission were higher in the patients who died (P = 0.025). TNF-alpha and neopterin levels showed no trend to normalization in patients who died, with higher levels of neopterin at first and third weeks and higher TNF-alpha and gamma-interferon levels at first week. Using logistic regression analysis, serum TNF-alpha levels at admission showed significant (P = 0.045), independent effects on mortality, as well as serum neopterin (P = 0.0026) at the first week. Thus, enhanced macrophage activity, measured by serum levels of TNF-alpha and neopterin seems to be related to a worse prognosis in alcoholic hepatitis.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Rodríguez-Rodríguez E,González-Reimers E,Santolaria-Fernández F,Milena-Abril A,Rodríguez-Moreno F,Oramas-Rodríguez J,Martínez-Riera Adoi
10.1016/0376-8716(95)01130-qsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-07-01 00:00:00pages
23-7issue
1eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
037687169501130Qjournal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Synaptosomal plasma membrane (SPM), like other plasma membranes, is composed of lipids and proteins and appears to conform to the "fluid mosaic" model proposed by Singer and Nicolson. SPM components show a marked asymmetry with respect to their inside-outside distribution, with the majority of proteins being external....
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(79)90064-4
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors describe the results of an alcohol education course given to 2166 high school students in the area of Padua, Italy. An evaluation was performed, utilizing a before and after technique: it was shown that baseline knowledge of relevant information on alcohology was similar among younger and older teenagers; ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(83)90043-1
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Laboratory studies in which drugs of abuse are self- or experimenter-administered to non-treatment-seeking research volunteers provide valuable data about new pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders, as well as behavioral and performance data for understanding the neurobiology of drug abuse. This paper ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.015
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Quantity and frequency of drinking may be used to effectively quantify the severity of alcohol-use. Drinking-severity has been related to neurocognitive impairments in such domains as spatial working memory (SWM). Youth drinking has been associated with altered neurofunctional underpinnings of SWM. The curre...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.030
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper has three foci. First, it examines the developing area of clinical sociology. Second, it demonstrates how, in reality, deviants in general and drug addicts in particular should be treated using theories of deviance and symbolic interactionism. The treatment itself is based on group experiences and is geared...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(84)90067-x
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HIV risks involving injection and sex behaviors were analyzed in relation to cocaine use and gender among 487 opiate-dependent clients in methadone treatment. Those who also used cocaine were at greater risk than non-cocaine users on HIV risky injection variables. Females were at more risk than males on the HIV risky ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(94)01030-o
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that individuals with opiate dependence may have cognitive dysfunctions particularly within the spectrum of executive functioning and emotional processing. Such dysfunctions can also compromise daily decisions associated with risk-taking behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether patients ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.017
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zipeprol is a non-opioid cough suppressor agent recently abused in Italy. Clinical reports from 30 street abusers show that the drug in high doses has a definite abuse liability and dependence potential. Many of its effects were identical to those induced by opiates, although specific dysperceptive symptoms were commo...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(91)90030-3
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is a screening instrument to detect substance use in primary care (PC). To screen for illicit substances (excluding tobacco and alcohol), the ASSIST consists of 8-57 questions and requires complicated scoring. To improve the efficiency of scree...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.03.029
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is a worldwide problem. Little is known about the co-morbidity of substance use disorders (SUD) and other psychiatric disorders of mothers who use MA prenatally. The Infant Development, Environment and Lifestyle (IDEAL) Study is a prospective, investigation of prenatal MA use and c...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.016
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have tested the hypothesis that adolescent cannabis users show structural brain alterations in adulthood. The present study tested associations between prospectively-assessed trajectories of adolescent cannabis use and adult brain structure in a sample of boys followed to adulthood. METHODS:Data...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.012
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the problem of effective treatment for alcoholic patients with concurrent psychopathology. The subjects were 131 male veterans admitted to the Coatesville Veterans Administration Medical Center. They remained in an alcohol rehabilitation program at least five days following detoxification and were ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(81)90083-1
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Changes in per capita alcohol consumption are temporally linked to changes in rates of alcohol-related harm. Methodological approaches for analysing this relationship have been suggested, however, the problem of time lags is not well-addressed. This study provides a review of time lag specifications, looking...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.12.005
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma cyclic AMP levels were determined in a group of 36 male chronic alcoholics during a period of their usual alcohol intake and compared to 29 normal controls. Significantly lower values (P less than 0.005) were found in the patient group. The possible influence of age, chronicity of drinking, family history of al...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(88)90003-8
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The debate about cannabis policy in Australia has revolved around the harms that cannabis causes to users and the community, on the one hand, and the harms that are caused by the prohibition of its use, on the other. This paper assesses evidence on: (1) the harms caused to users and the community by cannabis use (deri...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00171-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the patterns of acquisitive crime during methadone maintenance treatment among chronic, treatment-resistant heroin users eligible for heroin assisted treatment in the Netherlands. METHODS:We retrospectively assessed the type and number of illegal activities during 1 month of standard methadone m...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.021
更新日期：2007-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:E-cigarettes are popular among youth, but little is known about the nicotine concentrations of e-liquids used by adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHOD:In Spring, 2014, we conducted cross-sectional surveys in four Connecticut high schools and two middle schools. Among past-30-day e-cigarette users (n=513, 45% fem...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.031
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the centrality of withdrawal in the diagnosis of addiction has been decreasing with each successive edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, psychometric and neurobiological evidence provides withdrawal a central role in the development and maintenance of addiction. The current study...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107815
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sprague-Dawley rats were intoxicated with alcohol or morphine, by ingestion in a fluid diet. Alcohol or morphine preference was studied in two-bottle choice tests. Preference increased up to a certain level with increasing time of intoxication at one dose level. Some 10% of the animals had an extremely high preference...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(88)90067-1
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is concern that medical marijuana laws (MMLs) could negatively affect adolescents. To better understand these policies, we assess how adolescent exposure to MMLs is related to educational attainment. METHODS:Data from the 2000 Census and 2001-2014 American Community Surveys were restricted to individu...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juvenile offenders are particularly at risk for HIV because of their substantially high rates of risk behaviors, high rates of substance use disorders and psychopathology. Most studies have focused on risk behaviors among incarcerated youth. This study sought to determine if an arrest history could serve as a marker f...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.09.017
更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ukraine's HIV epidemic, primarily affecting people who inject drugs (PWID), is expanding and transitioning despite free opioid substitution therapy (OST) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), two effective ways to reduce HIV transmission. Police detention of PWID not resulting in a formal charge or imprisonment ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.018
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since early in Thailand's HIV epidemic, HIV seroprevalence among injection drug users (IDUs) in Bangkok has been around 40%. As Thailand moves to strengthen HIV prevention and care programs for Bangkok IDUs, information on current patterns of drug use and an estimate of the size and composition of the IDU po...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.013
更新日期：2007-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate whether variation may exist in betel nut- and ecstasy-involved adolescents in terms of sociobehavioral characteristics, the experience of psychoactive substance use, and behavioral/emotional problems. METHODS:Students (n = 53,528) aged 12-18 sampled via stratified, multistage, random cluster sampli...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.07.018
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare providers can receive waivers to prescribe buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, an evidence-based medication. The United States federal government has undertaken numerous recent efforts to expand access to waivers. This study describes national trends in the U.S. in 2016 and 2018, geospatial cha...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.029
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The beneficial links between engagement in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and HIV treatment outcomes have been extensively described. Nevertheless, people who use drugs (PWUD) continue to experience suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. In this systematic review, we sought to identify components of MMT ser...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108342
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In order to successfully address excessive alcohol consumption it is essential to have a means of measuring the drinking patterns of a nation. Owing to the multi-dimensional nature of drinking patterns, usual survey methods have their limitations. The aim of this study was to make use of extremely detailed d...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.022
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Research examining alcohol use trajectories among Latina/os is scarce. Further, prior findings on alcohol use by ethnic group and gender is mixed. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a.) to examine developmental trajectories for two types of alcohol (drunkenness and heavy drinking) use across four Latina...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.08.008
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:As part of a randomized controlled trial, problem drinkers who recently initiated natural recovery on their own were offered access to an interactive voice response (IVR) self-monitoring (SM) system as a sobriety maintenance tool during early recovery when relapse risk is high. Because observed IVR utilizati...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.022
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The association between betel quid (BQ) chewing and oral cancer is well established. However, evidence regarding the relationship between BQ chewing and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still insufficient. METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 2002 men and 1175 women aged 50 and older in a city-level h...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.020
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
