Abstract：
:Rat brain succinyl-CoA:3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase (3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase, EC 2.8.3.5), the first committed enzyme in the oxidation of ketone bodies in mitochondria, was purified to apparent homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 90,000 as determined by G-150 Sephadex chromatography, and an apparent subunit molecular weight of 53,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was approximately 161 mumol/min/mg of protein. Initial velocity studies of the forward reaction (acetoacetate leads to acetoacetyl-CoA) are consistent with a "ping pong" mechanism. Substrate inhibition appears above approximately 1 mM acetoacetate. Apparent Km values were 70 microM for acetoacetate and 156 microM for succinyl-CoA (the forward reaction), and 59 microM for acetoacetyl-CoA and 25 mM for succinate (the reverse reaction). These values are markedly different from those reported for this enzyme from pig heart.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Russell JJ,Patel MSdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07924.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-05-01 00:00:00pages
1446-52issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Studies suggest that activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt may protect against neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, however, we provide evidence of increased Akt activation, and hyperphosphorylation of critical Akt substrates in AD brain, which link to AD pathogenesis, suggesting that treatment...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02949.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetanus and botulinum toxins bind and are internalized at the neuromuscular junction. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) enter the cytosol at the motor nerve terminal; tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) proceeds retroaxonally inside the motor axon to reach the spinal cord inhibitory interneurons. Although the major target of BoNTs ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730372.x
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three unique 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) have been characterized for human microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) transcripts. All three UTRs shared a common 171-bp sequence adjacent to the MAP-2 coding region and then diverged upstream. The size of the unique upstream sequence was 281, 146, or 104 bp. PCR of gen...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65041472.x
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a significant role in several mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, addiction and anxiety. Previous studies on PFC glutamate-mediated function have used techniques that raise questions on the neuronal versus astrocytic origin of glutamate. The present studies used en...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07066.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of treatment of brain membranes with diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEP), a histidine-modifying reagent, on the binding of 3H-labeled Ro 15-4513 (ethyl-8-azido-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5-a]- [1,4]benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate) and [3H]diazepam were compared. DEP pretreatment produced a dose-dependent...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09406.x
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified and cataloged 54 genes that exhibit predominant expression in the striatum. Our hypothesis is that such mRNA molecules are likely to encode proteins that are preferentially associated with particular physiological processes intrinsic to striatal neurons, and therefore might contribute to the regiona...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03588.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder with widespread neurodegeneration in the brain. Significant oxidative, reductive, metabolic, and proteotoxic alterations have been observed in PD postmortem brains. The alterations of mitochondrial function resulting in decreased bioenergetic health is important and need...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/jnc.14308
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxynitrite, the product of the radical-radical reaction between nitric oxide and superoxide anion, is a potent oxidant involved in tissue damage in neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the modifications induced by peroxynitrite in tyrosine residues of proteins from synaptosomes. Peroxynitrite treatment (> o...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730727.x
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Equilibrium binding of [3H]dihydromorphine was assayed in brain regions of young and aged male F344 rats. Young rats had significantly higher receptor densities than old rats in the frontal poles, anterior cortex, and striatum. In the frontal poles, the decline in receptor concentration with age was accompanied by a s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01659.x
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies showed that prolonged access to cocaine or heroin self-administration (long access, or LgA) produces an escalation in drug intake not observed with limited access to the drug (short access, or ShA). The present experiment employed in vivo microdialysis to test the role of alterations in drug pharmacok...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01833.x
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we examined the functional expression of the extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT) in normal human astrocytes (NHA). RT-PCR with EMT-specific primers demonstrated the presence of EMT mRNA in NHA. The RT-PCR products were subjected to restriction-site analysis using three different enzymes (HinfI, Sac...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01566.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The olfactory bulb is one of the most vulnerable brain regions in age-related proteinopathies. Proteinopathic stress is mitigated by the heat shock protein (Hsp) family of chaperones. Here, we describe age-related decreases in Hsc70 in the olfactory bulb of the female rat and higher levels of Hsp70 and Hsp25 in middle...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13041
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of angiotensin (Ang) IV, an inhibitor of insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), on extracellular dopamine levels in the striatum of freely moving rats was examined using in vivo microdialysis. The Ang IV was administered locally in the striatum through the microdialysis probe. A concentration-dependent (1...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02600.x
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intraaxonal transport of phospholipids in regenerating hypoglossal nerve of the rabbit was investigated by administration of labeled lipid precursors into the medulla oblongata. At various time intervals after crushing the left hypoglossal nerve at the level of the digastric muscle, a mixture of 60 mu Ci of [2-3H]...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb12648.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclooxygenases (COX)-1 and -2 are key enzymes required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to eicosanoids, potent mediators of inflammation. In patients with multiple sclerosis, COX-2 derived prostaglandins (PGs) are elevated in the CSF and COX-2 is up-regulated in demyelinating plaques. However, it is not known w...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07363.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of neurones in culture to excitotoxic levels of glutamate results in an initial transient spike in [Ca2+]i followed by a delayed, irreversible [Ca2+]i rise governed by rapid kinetics, with Ca2+ originating from the extracellular medium. The molecular mechanism responsible for the secondary Ca2+ rise is unknow...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02732.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated by 13C NMR the turnover of the H3 deuterons of (2-13C) glutamate and (2-13C) glutamine in the brain of partially deuterated rats. Adult animals (150-200 g) fed ad libitum received 50% 2H2O or tap water 9 days before infusing (1-13C) glucose or (2-13C) acetate for 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, or 90 min. The brain...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05962.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schwann cells provide a favorable microenvironment for successful regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve. Even though the roles of extracellular matrix proteins in the Schwann cell physiology have long been studied, the precise function of nidogen, a ubiquitous component of the basal lamina, in Schwann cells is ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04580.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using nuclear reaction 6Li(n, alpha)3H and dielectric detectors, we have studied the distribution of Li in the brain of adult mice, following Li treatment of the animals. Two strains of animals were used in parallel: "quaking" dysmyelinating mutants and normally myelinated controls. The distribution appeared to be sha...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00657.x
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic spinal cord injury has recently been shown to cause a rapid increase in free fatty acids (FFAs) and lipid degradation in cats. The present studies report a more delayed, time-dependent increase in FFAs and a concomitant decrease in phospholipids following traumatic spinal injury in rats. The largest percenta...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05740.x
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune optic neuritis (AON), a model of multiple sclerosis-associated optic neuritis, is accompanied by degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and optic nerve demyelination and axonal loss. In order to investigate the role of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in mediating RGC degeneration, upstream chan...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14980
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The uptake of glutamate and other acidic amino acids into barnacle single muscle fibres has been characterized. The uptake of glutamate consists of two components, one Na-independent and one Na-dependent. The Na-dependent uptake is saturable (half-maximal at 250 microM external glutamate) and is inhibited by a variety...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb13235.x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) has a number of physiological and pathophysiological effects in the nervous system. One target of NO is the mitochondrion, where it inhibits respiration and ATP synthesis, which may contribute to NO-mediated neuronal injury. Our recent studies suggested that impaired mitochondrial function impairs mi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03788.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration beyond 4.5 h of stroke symptoms is beneficial for patients but has an increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage. Thus, increasing the therapeutic window of tPA is important for stroke recovery. We previously showed that prothymosin alpha (ProTα) or its mimetic hexapeptide ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14858
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although alterations in serotonin levels and neurotransmission are associated with depressive disorders and effective antidepressant therapy, the exact cause of these disorders and the mode of action of antidepressant drugs are poorly understood. In a genetic rat model of depression [Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rats...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062477.x
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether prolonged nicotine exposure persistently inactivates rat alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes, we measured the voltage-clamped alpha4beta2 response to acetylcholine (ACh) before and 24 h after, 1-h or 12-h incubations in 10 microm nicotine. A 12-h incubation in 10 microm ni...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01578.x
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dopamine transporter is a plasma membrane protein that controls extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The physiological importance of the DAT provides the impetus for studies aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of the DAT gene. In this study, we identified...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03051.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calsenilin/DREAM/KChIP3 was identified as a calcium-binding protein that interacts with presenilins, serves as a transcription repressor, and binds to the A-type potassium channel. In this study, we hypothesized that calsenilin might be involved in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease and examined calsenilin e...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02159.x
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary structure of the second transmembrane (M2) segment of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), an ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR) subunit, and the structure-function relationships in RDL are well conserved among insect species. An amino acid substitution at the 2' position in the M2 segment (Ala to Ser...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.15179
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed in the spinal substantia gelatinosa play a role in modulating nociceptive transmission, their properties have not been fully examined yet. In order to address this issue, the effects of 1,8-cineole and its stereoisomer 1,4-cineole on excitatory transmissio...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13433
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
