The cyclooxygenase-2 pathway via the PGE₂ EP2 receptor contributes to oligodendrocytes apoptosis in cuprizone-induced demyelination.

Abstract:

:Cyclooxygenases (COX)-1 and -2 are key enzymes required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to eicosanoids, potent mediators of inflammation. In patients with multiple sclerosis, COX-2 derived prostaglandins (PGs) are elevated in the CSF and COX-2 is up-regulated in demyelinating plaques. However, it is not known whether COX-2 activity contributes to oligodendrocyte death. In cuprizone-induced demyelination, oligodendrocyte apoptosis and a concomitant increase in the gene expression of COX-2 and PGE₂-EP2 receptor precede histological demyelination. COX-2 and EP2 receptor were expressed by oligodendrocytes, suggesting a causative role for the COX-2/EP2 pathway in the initiation of oligodendrocyte death and demyelination. COX-2 gene deletion, chronic treatment with the COX-2 selective inhibitor celecoxib, or with the EP2 receptor antagonist AH6809 reduced cuprizone-induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis, the degree of demyelination and motor dysfunction. These data indicate that the PGE₂ EP2 receptor contributes to oligodendrocyte apoptosis and open possible new therapeutic approaches for multiple sclerosis.

journal_name

J Neurochem

authors

Palumbo S,Toscano CD,Parente L,Weigert R,Bosetti F

doi

10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07363.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-05-01 00:00:00

pages

418-27

issue

3

eissn

0022-3042

issn

1471-4159

journal_volume

121

pub_type

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