Abstract:
:We have developed an in vitro assay to study the intramacrophage replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis BCG. In this assay, extracellular mycobacterial replication was avoided by using a small infecting inoculum and a new method for efficiently removing nonphagocytocytized bacilli. The ability of different mycobacterial strains to replicate in mouse pleural macrophages correlated with their virulence. The effect of lymphokines prepared by incubating spleen cells from BCG-immunized mice with mycobacterial antigens was tested with this assay. In the presence of lymphokines, mouse pleural macrophages were able to inhibit the intramacrophage replication of both BCG and M. tuberculosis. This assay is a useful in vitro model for studying antibacterial cellular immunity expressed by macrophages.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Zlotnik A,Crowle AJdoi
10.1128/IAI.37.2.786-793.1982subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-08-01 00:00:00pages
786-93issue
2eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tularemia is caused by the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Francisella tularensis Infection of macrophages and their subsequent death are believed to play important roles in the progression of disease. Because complement is a particularly effective opsonin for Francisella, we asked whether complement-dependent uptake...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00424-17
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::A plaque assay system for pathogenic rickettsiae, which utilizes primary chick embryo tissue cultures, is described. It proved to be a highly reproducible measure of infectiousness for Rickettsia rickettsi and R. typhi, which were employed in most studies; as well as for R. canada, R. prowazeki, R. sibirica, R. akari,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.5.5.715-722.1972
更新日期:1972-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The P2 porin protein is the major outer membrane protein of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and is a potential target of a protective immune response. Nine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to P2 were developed by immunizing mice with nontypeable H. influenzae whole organisms. Each MAb reacted exclusively with the homol...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.9.3712-3722.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotics suppressed development of aster yellows (AY) disease symptoms in plants of china aster [Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees.] and annual chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum carinatum, Schousb.). When inoculated chrysanthemum plants were treated by any of several techniques with tetracycline antibiotics or chloramphe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.2.2.201-208.1970
更新日期:1970-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A significant clinical complication of pulmonary infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae is peripheral blood dissemination, resulting in a systemic infection concurrent with the localized pulmonary infection. In this context, little is known about the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-mediated innate immu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.4891-4900.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virus population dynamics in the lungs, trachea, and nasopharynx of Swiss-ICR mice were studied after respiratory challenge with mouse-adapted preparations of strain A2/Aichi/2/68 influenza virus. Markedly higher doses of virus were required to produce infection with nasopharyngeal challenge than with bronchoalveolar ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.2.438-447.1976
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brucella abortus is recognized by several Toll-like receptor (TLR)-associated pathways triggering proinflammatory responses that affect both the nature and intensity of the immune response. Previously, we demonstrated that B. abortus-mediated dendritic cell (DC) maturation and control of infection are dependent on the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01356-12
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Culture filtrate from Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains protective antigens of relevance for the generation of a new antituberculosis vaccine. We have identified two previously uncharacterized M. tuberculosis proteins (TB7.3 and TB10.4) from the highly active low-mass fraction of culture filtrate. The molecules were...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.1.214-220.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine sera for tissue culture use were shown to contain heterophil antigen of the Paul-Bunnell-Davidsohn type by immune adherence hemagglutination tests with sera from patients with infectious mononucleosis. The antibody titers observed were comparable to those determined by two other methods; i.e., the immune adhere...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.3.923-927.1978
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli strains isolated from newborn infants were injected intraperitoneally into infant rats. Strains possessing the K1 capsular polysaccharide antigen were significantly more virulent than strains lacking this antigen. When 5-day-old animals were injected with 1.2 X 10(1) colony forming units of a K1 E. co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.22.2.480-485.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneic autoantibodies against axonal neurofilament proteins of mature mouse neurons grown in vitro were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in 12.7% (9 of 71) of the sera from nonhuman primates infected with kuru, in 14.5% (17 of 117) and 4% (1 of 25), respectively, of the sera from nonhuman pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.1.316-324.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma penetrans adhered to cultured human cells, forming clusters that localized to specific areas of the host cell surface. Adherence and cluster formation were inhibited by anti-M. penetrans antibodies, suggesting the involvement of specific adhesin-receptor interactions. Ultrastructural studies showed that aft...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.1.197-208.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholera toxin (CT) and related Escherichia coli enterotoxins LTI and LTIIb have a conserved hydrophobic region at the AB(5) interface postulated to be important for toxin assembly. Hydrophobic residue F223 in the A subunit of CT (CTA) as well as residues 174, L77, and T78 in the B subunit of CT (CTB) were replaced ind...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.7.4093-4101.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome sequencing of the relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia turicatae identified three open reading frames (ORFs) on the chromosomes that contained internal, tandemly repeated amino acid sequences that were absent in the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. The predicted amino acid sequ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.5.3025-3037.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance against acute and chronic infection with Taxoplasma gondii in BALB/c and CBA/Ca mice was compared. Intraperitoneal inoculation of either 20, 40, or 80 cysts of the ME49 strain resulted in mortality rates in BALB/c mice of 12% (2 of 17), 50% (6 of 12), and 75% (9 of 12), respectively, within 3 weeks after in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.6.2284-2288.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans serotype A (C. albicans A) possesses a specific antigen, designated antigen 6, which resides in mannans on the cell surface. To determine the role of the mannan moiety of the C. albicans cell wall in adherence to buccal epithelial cells, we used antigen 6-deficient mutants which had been isolated by s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.6.2493-2499.1992
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue macrophages are the obligatory host cells for Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. In this study we sought to determine whether activated macrophages, as defined by the functional criterion of tumor cell cytotoxicity, were also able to exert a microbicidal effect on ingested L. do...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.33.3.918-926.1981
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inhibitory factor from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 was isolated, and its properties indicated that it was a bacteriocin (actinobacillicin). The bacteriocin was active against Streptococcus sanguis strains, Streptococcus uberis (FDC1), and Actinomyces viscosus T14 as well as other strains of A. actinomyc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.3.686-691.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of illness and death in children in developing countries. In these children, zinc deficiency is associated with an increased risk of acute respiratory tract infections, which can be reduced by daily zinc administration. Severe infections decrease zinc levels in plasma and may ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2009-2013.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoke exposure increases the risk of pulmonary and invasive infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most commonly isolated organism from patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Despite this association, the mechanisms by which cigarette smoke exposure diminishes host defense against S. pneumon...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00963-09
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::One mechanism by which interferons (IFNs) can inhibit chlamydial infection is by the induction of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which restricts the availability of tryptophan, which is required for chlamydial growth. Other immunomodulating agents, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), can interact synergisti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.5.1870-1875.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In attempts to reactivate latent herpes simplex virus, we instilled Diplococcus pneumoniae intratracheally into mice harboring latent infections in sacrosciatic spinal ganglia. All mice developed a severe pneumonia within 24 h and were given penicillin therapy. Representative mice that survived the penumonia were sacr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.4.635-639.1975
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein 1 (tPMP-1) is a small, cationic peptide generated from rabbit platelets when they are exposed to thrombin in vitro. It has potent microbicidal activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. Previous in vitro studies i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.5.2475-2481.1999
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four monoclonal antibodies against Escherichia coli J5 were studied. Each of these monoclonal antibodies reacted with purified lipopolysaccharides from E. coli J5, the deep rough mutant Salmonella minnesota Re595, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as well as with the purified lipid A of P. aer...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.3.631-636.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To demonstrate local synthesis of anti-Mycobacterium leprae antibodies, biopsies from skin lesions of leprosy patients were cultured in vitro in a medium containing 14C-labeled lysine and isoleucine, and the culture fluids were analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel and autoradiography. The re...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.27.2.297-301.1980
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serologic parameters of kala-azar were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Sera from kala-azar patients with confirmed diagnoses were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG subclass-specific reactivity against Leishmania donovani membrane antigen (LAg). Heterogeneous LAg-specific IgG reactivity with numerous prot...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.2.863-870.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amebic erythrophagocytosis is characteristic of invasive amebiasis, and mutants deficient in erythrocyte ingestion are avirulent. We sought to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying erythrocyte phagocytosis by Entamoeba histolytica. Following adherence to amebae, erythrocytes became round and crenulated, and p...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.6.3422-3430.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most Campylobacter jejuni strains are sensitive and most Campylobacter fetus strains are resistant to the bactericidal activity in normal human serum. We purified lipopolysaccharides from Campylobacter strains to determine whether their composition and structure relate to serum susceptibility. The lipopolysaccharide o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.47.2.353-359.1985
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi resembles gram-negative bacteria in having both cellular and outer membranes. We previously showed that a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-like material could be extracted from B. burgdorferi with phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether (PCP). The PCP extract of B. burgdorferi exhibited biological activity in s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.12.4995-5003.1992
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 54-kDa extracellular metalloprotease ZapA is an important virulence factor of uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis. While ZapA has the ability to degrade host immunoglobulins (Igs), the dramatic attenuation of virulence in ZapA mutants suggests that this enzyme may have a broader spectrum of activity. This hypothesis w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.9.5159-5167.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00