Abstract：
:The effects of hyperosmotic solutions of xylitol were tested on acid and bicarbonate outputs from the rat stomach as well as on acid back-diffusion. Hyperosmotic solutions were instilled into anesthetized rats by an esophageal cannula and drained through a duodenal catheter. Spontaneously secreting and histamine-stimulated rats were used in different experiments. Hyperosmotic xylitol solutions at concentrations of 18.4% or higher produced graded inhibitions of the histamine-induced acid secretion. A 34.5% xylitol solution also inhibited spontaneous acid secretion. The same solution also caused a certain degree of acid back-diffusion and increased output of bicarbonate. Neither the inhibition acid secretion nor stimulation of bicarbonate output were affected by cyclooxygenase inhibitors indomethacin or flufenamic acid. It is concluded that hyperosmotic xylitol reduces gastric acidity by three mechanisms namely inhibition of acid secretion, increased bicarbonate output and increased back-diffusion of acid. None of these mechanisms seem to depend on prostaglandin biosynthesis.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Assouline G,Danon Adoi
10.1016/0014-2999(84)90258-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-13 00:00:00pages
269-77issue
2eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
0014-2999(84)90258-9journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A series of neurochemical studies evaluated the selectivity of the depletions of norepinephrine produced by intraventricular injections of xylamine. Brain monoamines were assayed by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. With ether anesthesia, bilateral injections of 50 or 100 micrograms xylamine reduce...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(84)90228-0
更新日期：1984-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of ketamine and barbiturates (pentobarbital, thiopental, methohexital) were studied in an isolated rabbit Langendorff preparation. All agents tested depressed contractility. Ketamine, as well as the lipophilic barbiturates (thiopental, methohexital), caused a relatively greater depression at higher pacing ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(79)90025-6
更新日期：1979-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium was measured in rat pancreatic islet exposed to tolbutamide, glipizide, diazoxide or sulfisomidine. When added to a medium with physiologically balanced cations these sulphonamides induced a significant rise of the islet content of sodium. The insulin-releasing compounds, tolbutamide and glipizide, had effects ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(88)90075-1
更新日期：1988-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal hyperglycemia can result in defects in glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell function in offspring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal diabetes mellitus on pancreatic islets, muscle and adipose tissue of the offspring, with or without oral l-Arginine supplementation. The induc...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.001
更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:PPARα belongs to the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) family that consists of PPARα, PPARδ, and PAPRγ. Activation of PPARα by ligands including fatty acids and their derivatives as well as some synthetic compounds regulates tumor progression in various tissues. Activated PPARα inhibits or promotes t...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.027
更新日期：2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic or intracerebral administration of kainic acid in rodents induces neuronal death followed by a cascade of neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus. Kainic acid-induced neuroplasticity is evidenced by alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis, dispersion of the granule cell layer and re-organisation of mossy fibr...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.05.008
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the discovery of first antidepressants in mid-1950's, the field has been intensively studied. Several new classes of compounds emerged and several hypotheses on the mechanism of their action were proposed. The novel antidepressants are either selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors, (e.g., moclobem...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00565-3
更新日期：2000-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The significance of neuropeptide Y Y(2) receptors in sympathetic nonadrenergic transmission was investigated using the novel selective antagonist BIIE0246 ((S)-N2-[[1-[2-[4-[(R,S)-5,11-dihydro-6(6h)-oxodibenz[b,e]azepin-11-yl]-1-piperazinyl]-2-oxoethyl]cyclopentyl]acetyl]-N-[2-[1,2-dihydro-3,5 (4H)-dioxo-1,2-diphenyl-...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01371-7
更新日期：2002-03-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The qualitative and quantitative effects of the (+)-S and (-)-R enantiomers and of the racemic mixture of the Ca2+ channel antagonist, nicardipine, were compared on the isolated porcine coronary artery with intact and removed endothelium. All three forms of nicardipine inhibited the contractions induced by KCl (5-90 m...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00049-7
更新日期：1999-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the inotropic actions of levosimendan and epinephrine, both singly and in combination, under isohydric (pH 7.4) and acidotic (pH 7.0) conditions in isolated guinea-pig hearts. Acidosis depressed contractility and myocardial relaxation by 25-30%, and both inotropes were less efficacious at pH 7.0, while th...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.11.049
更新日期：2005-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Agomelatine is an antidepressant with a novel mechanism of action. It is a melatonergic agonist for MT1 and MT2 receptors and a serotonin (5-HT2C) receptor antagonist. Agomelatine has been suggested not to have adverse effects on sexual functions. However, the effects of chronic agomelatine administration on reproduct...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.054
更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific, irreversible binding of [3H]beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) to mu opioid receptors in slices from the corpus striatum and midbrain region containing the ventral tegmentum area (VTA) was accomplished by incubation with [3H]beta-FNA followed by a washing procedure with 1 microM unlabeled naltrexone in the w...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(88)90650-4
更新日期：1988-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In rats, tolerance to the analgesic effect of intraventricular substance P (SP) develops quickly. In rats made tolerant to [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin the analgesic efficacy of SP is reduced significantly. The latter result suggests some overlap in the sites of action of SP and [D-Ala2,D-Leu5] enkephalin. Since SP seem...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(84)90119-5
更新日期：1984-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of intracavernosal injections of adrenomedullin, a novel hypotensive peptide, on penile erection in anesthetized cats. Responses to adrenomedullin were compared to those elicited by intracavernosal injection of the control triple-drug combination (1.65 mg pap...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(96)00924-7
更新日期：1997-01-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane currents in response to the application of alpha, beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-meATP) were recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with the human P2X3 receptor (HEK 293-hP2X3 cells). Trichloroethanol, the biologically active metabolite of chloral hydr...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00833-5
更新日期：2000-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of inosine on sinus rate and atrial contractile force were investigated using the isolated and blood-perfused canine atrium which was perfused with arterial blood from a donor dog. Injected inosine (100-3000 micrograms) consistently induced positive chronotropic and inotropic effects. However, the larger d...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(80)90174-0
更新日期：1980-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to investigate the interactive effect of histamine and prostaglandin D(2) in nasal allergic symptoms in rats. The intranasal application of histamine at doses lower than 10 mumol/site caused no sneezing or nasal rubbing. In addition, prostaglandin D(2) also showed no significant increase in t...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.09.060
更新日期：2007-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of ovalbumin by aerosol to sensitised rats produced a rapid (15 min) protein exudation in different airway tissues, as determined by Evans blue staining. This was associated with marked mast cell degranulation determined by histological examination, with there being no difference between mucosal and con...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01093-7
更新日期：2001-08-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated whether there is any difference between the effects of benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics on maternal aggression in lactating mice, using an ethological technique. We used SM-3997, a 5-HT1A receptor ligand, as a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic. Behavior towards an intruder m...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(91)90677-i
更新日期：1991-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol on cell cycle events during the G(1) and S phases in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Flow cytometric analysis for the DNA content in rat aortic VSMC indicated that following ethanol treatment, the cell population in the G(0)/G(1) phase increase...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01761-2
更新日期：2002-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the vagal cholinergic-mediated cytoprotective effect of intracisternal (i.c.) injection of the stable thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, RX 77368, was investigated in conscious rats. RX 77368 (1.5 ng i.c.) reduced by 88% gastric hemorrhagic lesions induced by oral administrati...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(93)90913-3
更新日期：1993-08-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The release of bladder-derived relaxant factor in a coaxial bioassay system and the effects of reactive oxygen species were studied. After precontraction with phenylephrine (10(-6)-3x10(-6)) or 50 mM K+, acetylcholine (10(-8)-10(-3) M) induced relaxation in rat anococcygeus muscle mounted within rat bladder in a tissu...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.05.044
更新日期：2004-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute administration of MDMA has been shown to promote glycogenolysis and increase the extracellular concentration of glucose in the striatum. In the present study the role of serotonergic and/or noradrenergic mechanisms in the MDMA-induced increase in extracellular glucose and glycogenolysis was assessed. The rel...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.07.004
更新日期：2010-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) mediates intestinal hypersecretion associated with infection and inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that 5-HT-induced anion secretion is mediated by an opioid-sensitive enteric neural circuit. 5-HT, at a contraluminal concentration of 10 microM, increased short-circuit current by 58 +/- ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02249-5
更新日期：2002-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Phencyclidine (PCP) is widely used as an animal model of schizophrenia. In rats, acute PCP treatment increased locomotor activity and induced stereotyped behaviours consisting of head weaving, turning and backpedalling. PCP had differential regional effects on c-fos expression in rat brain, suggesting different patter...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00830-x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims were to test whether 2 weeks treatment with the beta2-adrenoceptor agonist, salbutamol, or the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist, doxazosin, could correct nerve blood flow and conduction velocity deficits in 8 week streptozotocin-diabetic rats and to examine neurovascular mechanisms using co-treatment with the n...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(97)01533-1
更新日期：1998-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine hyperpolarizes growth hormone-producing cells (GHC) in the CNS of Lymnaea stagnalis. This effect of dopamine was mimicked by the D-2 receptor agonist LY 141865 and antagonized by the D-2 receptor antagonists (-)-sulpiride and YM 09151-2. SKF 38393, a selective D-1 receptor agonist, increased the excitability ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(84)90735-0
更新日期：1984-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotensin is a neuropeptide associated with basal ganglia dopaminergic neurons. Because levels of neurotensin in striatal tissue are differentially affected by low or high doses of methamphetamine, we employed microdialysis to assess the dose-dependent effects of methamphetamine on neurotensin release from the termi...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.036
更新日期：2005-10-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The functional characteristics of purinoceptors in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were investigated using a microphysiometer which detects small metabolic changes to living cells in real-time as variations of pH in the extracellular microenvironment. Uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) increased the extracellular acidifi...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02556-6
更新日期：2002-11-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary arterial remodeling is a crucial cause of increased pulmonary artery pressure during pulmonary hypertension (PH). Recently, growing evidence has upheld the contribution of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) to pulmonary arterial remodeling, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unaddressed. mi...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172673
更新日期：2019-11-15 00:00:00
