Efficient expression of Escherichia coli galactokinase gene in mammalian cells.

abstract：:Factor VII is a precursor to a serine protease that is present in mammalian plasma. In its activated form, it participates in blood coagulation by activating factor X and/or factor IX in the presence of tissue factor and calcium. Clones coding for factor VII were obtained from two cDNA libraries prepared from poly(A) ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hagen FS,Gray CL,O'Hara P,Grant FJ,Saari GC,Woodbury RG,Hart CE,Insley M,Kisiel W,Kurachi K

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:X-linked hypophosphatemia is the most prevalent inherited form of rickets. In this disorder, rickets results from hyperphosphaturia and inappropriately normal levels of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D. Current therapy with oral phosphate and vitamin D improves the rickets, but has significant morbidity and does not significantly ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baum M,Loleh S,Saini N,Seikaly M,Dwarakanath V,Quigley R

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Inward rectifying potassium (Kir) channels participate in regulating potassium concentration (K(+)) in the central nervous system (CNS), including in the retina. We explored the contribution of Kir channels to retinal function by delivering Kir antibodies (Kir-Abs) into the rat eye in vivo to interrupt channel activit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raz-Prag D,Grimes WN,Fariss RN,Vijayasarathy C,Campos MM,Bush RA,Diamond JS,Sieving PA

更新日期：2010-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (∼56 Ma) was a ∼170,000-y (∼170-kyr) period of global warming associated with rapid and massive injections of 13C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, reflected in sedimentary components as a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Carbon cycle modeling has ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frieling J,Svensen HH,Planke S,Cramwinckel MJ,Selnes H,Sluijs A

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed for associations to an unselected whole genome pool of tumor mRNA transcripts in 50 unrelated patients with breast cancer. SNPs were selected from 203 candidate genes of the reactive oxygen species pathway. We describe a general statistical framework for t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kristensen VN,Edvardsen H,Tsalenko A,Nordgard SH,Sørlie T,Sharan R,Vailaya A,Ben-Dor A,Lønning PE,Lien S,Omholt S,Syvänen AC,Yakhini Z,Børresen-Dale AL

更新日期：2006-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:This communication describes the preparation of antibodies to human interleukin 2 (IL-2), using as immunogens synthetic peptides derived from the predicted amino acid sequence of IL-2. Rabbits and mice were immunized with protein carrier conjugates of eight chemically synthesized IL-2-derived peptides, each consisting...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Altman A,Cardenas JM,Houghten RA,Dixon FJ,Theofilopoulos AN

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the advantages of the production of monoclonal antibodies by tissue culture methods is that they can be internally labeled by using appropriate radioactive amino acid in the culture fluid. Thus, radioactive immunological probes of high specific activity can be prepared. Here we report applications of these inte...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cuello AC,Priestley JV,Milstein C

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How can collective action evolve when individuals benefit from cooperation regardless of whether they pay its participation costs? According to one influential perspective, collective action problems are common, especially when groups are large, but may be solved when individuals who have more to gain from the collect...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Langergraber KE,Watts DP,Vigilant L,Mitani JC

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how chromatin folds in its native state. Using optimized in situ hybridization and live imaging techniques have determined compaction ratios and fiber flexibility for interphase chromatin in budding yeast. Unlike previous studies, ours examines nonrepetitive chromatin at intervals short enough to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bystricky K,Heun P,Gehlen L,Langowski J,Gasser SM

更新日期：2004-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased DNA levels in centrally located endosperm nuclei are shown to be related to endosperm development in Zea mays. Mitotic activity sharply decreases in endosperm cells 10-12 days after pollination. At this time nuclear size and DNA content per nucleus (where C = haploid content) sharply increase until peak leve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kowles RV,Phillips RL

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It recently has been shown that epithelial Na(+) channels are controlled by a receptor for intracellular Na(+), a G protein (G(o)), and a ubiquitin-protein ligase (Nedd4). Furthermore, mutations in the epithelial Na(+) channel that underlie the autosomal dominant form of hypertension known as Liddle's syndrome inhibit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ishibashi H,Dinudom A,Harvey KF,Kumar S,Young JA,Cook DI

更新日期：1999-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Inteins are intervening protein sequences that undergo self-excision from a precursor protein with concomitant joining of the flanking sequences. Here, we demonstrate intein trans-splicing in Nicotiana tabacum chloroplasts by using the naturally split Ssp DnaE intein. Trans-splicing occurred whether both intein fragme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chin HG,Kim GD,Marin I,Mersha F,Evans TC Jr,Chen L,Xu MQ,Pradhan S

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hox genes are located in highly conserved clusters. The significance of this organization is unclear, but one possibility is that regulatory regions for individual genes are dispersed throughout the cluster and shared with other Hox genes. This hypothesis is supported by studies on several Hox genes in which even larg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bradshaw MS,Shashikant CS,Belting HG,Bollekens JA,Ruddle FH

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Tata Element Modulatory Factor (TMF/ARA160) is a multifunctional Golgi-associated protein, which accumulates in colonic enterocytes and goblet cells. Mice lacking TMF/ARA160 (TMF(-/-)) produce thick and uniform colonic mucus that resists adherent bacterial colonization and diminishes susceptibility of these mice to in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bel S,Elkis Y,Elifantz H,Koren O,Ben-Hamo R,Lerer-Goldshtein T,Rahimi R,Ben Horin S,Nyska A,Shpungin S,Nir U

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-dependent proton pumps that acidify intracellular compartments and pump protons across specialized plasma membranes. Proton translocation occurs through the integral V(0) domain, which contains five different subunits (a, d, c, c', and c"). Proton transport is critically...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawasaki-Nishi S,Nishi T,Forgac M

更新日期：2001-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:With the goal of developing techniques for DNA insertional mutagenesis in zebrafish, we established procedures for rapidly obtaining and injecting large numbers of fertilized eggs. Using either of two plasmid constructs, we injected uncut DNA into fertilized eggs at the one- or two-cell stage. Fish hatched from inject...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Culp P,Nüsslein-Volhard C,Hopkins N

更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri initiates a specific, persistent symbiosis in the light organ of the squid Euprymna scolopes. During the early stages of colonization, V. fischeri is exposed to host-derived nitric oxide (NO). Although NO can be both an antimicrobial component of innate immunity and a key s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Dufour YS,Carlson HK,Donohue TJ,Marletta MA,Ruby EG

更新日期：2010-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from gram-negative bacteria and many of mitochondria and chloroplasts are β-barrels. Insertion and assembly of these proteins are catalyzed by the Omp85 protein family in a seemingly conserved process. All members of this family exhibit a characteristic N-terminal polypep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sommer MS,Daum B,Gross LE,Weis BL,Mirus O,Abram L,Maier UG,Kühlbrandt W,Schleiff E

更新日期：2011-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Human interleukin 12 and interleukin 23 (IL12/23) influence susceptibility or resistance to multiple diseases. However, the reasons underlying individual differences in IL12/23 sensitivity remain poorly understood. Here we report that in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and inflamed lungs, the majority...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turner AJ,Aggarwal P,Miller HE,Waukau J,Routes JM,Broeckel U,Robinson RT

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of progenitor cells of the human granulocytic and monocytic lineages (CFU-GM) can be distinguished by using mouse monoclonal antibodies against human hemopoietic cells. Type 1 CFU-GM contribute all of the peripheral blood CFU-GM as well as a small fraction of bone marrow CFU-GM and express surface antigens r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ferrero D,Broxmeyer HE,Pagliardi GL,Venuta S,Lange B,Pessano S,Rovera G

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A polar lipid containing about 20 per cent of the lipid soluble inositol has been purified from cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This compound labeled with (3)H-inositol, (32)P(i), or (14)C glucose was isolated from aqueous pyridine extracts by means of paper chromatography. Unlabeled compound was obtained by a diff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steiner S,Smith S,Waechter CJ,Lester RL

更新日期：1969-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By exploiting the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect a variety of vertebrate and nonvertebrate hosts, we have developed model systems that use plants and nematodes as adjuncts to mammalian models to help elucidate the molecular basis of P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. Our studies reveal a remarkable degree of con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rahme LG,Ausubel FM,Cao H,Drenkard E,Goumnerov BC,Lau GW,Mahajan-Miklos S,Plotnikova J,Tan MW,Tsongalis J,Walendziewicz CL,Tompkins RG

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperpolarization of substrates for magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) usually involves saturating the ESR transitions of polarizing agents (PAs; e.g., persistent radicals embedded in frozen glassy matrices). This approach has shown enormous pote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gajan D,Bornet A,Vuichoud B,Milani J,Melzi R,van Kalkeren HA,Veyre L,Thieuleux C,Conley MP,Grüning WR,Schwarzwälder M,Lesage A,Copéret C,Bodenhausen G,Emsley L,Jannin S

更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The underlying structure is taken as a strongly superharmonic cone [unk], defined as a partially ordered abelian semigroup with identity 0 which admits a multiplication by nonnegative scalars and satisfies two fundamental axioms of a potentialtheoretic character. In terms of a fixed nonzero element e there is introduc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arsove M,Leutwiler H

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have defined transcriptional control elements, in addition to the promoters, that both lie near individual human beta-globin locus genes and have been implicated in their differential stage-specific regulation during development (i.e., are believed to directly participate in hemoglobin switching). We ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Q,Bungert J,Engel JD

更新日期：1997-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Developmental genetic studies of evolved differences in morphology have led to the hypothesis that cis-regulatory changes often underlie morphological evolution. However, because most of these studies focus on evolved loss of traits, the genetic architecture and possible association with cis-regulatory changes of gain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cleves PA,Ellis NA,Jimenez MT,Nunez SM,Schluter D,Kingsley DM,Miller CT

更新日期：2014-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We are investigating the feasibility of using the positive-strand RNA virus Sindbis virus and its defective interfering (DI) particles as vectors for introducing foreign genes into cells. In previous work we showed by deletion mapping of a cloned cDNA derived from one of the DI RNAs that only nucleotides at the 3' and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levis R,Huang H,Schlesinger S

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA sequence of a tryptophan synthase gene and the flanking 5' and 3' regions has been determined for Arabidopsis thaliana. The sequence encodes only the beta subunit domain, indicating that alpha and beta subunits are specified by separate genes. The gene contains four introns and encodes 470 amino acid residues....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berlyn MB,Last RL,Fink GR

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatic uptake of cholephilic organic anions is a carrier-mediated process. Three distinct proteins [bilitranslocase (BTL), sulfobromophthalein (BSP)/bilirubin-binding protein (BBBP), and organic anion-binding protein] have been isolated from the basolateral plasma-membrane domain of the hepatocyte. To investigate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Torres AM,Lunazzi GC,Stremmel W,Tiribelli C

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaerobic glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz. [1-13c]Glucose and [6-13C]glucose were fed to suspensions of yeast cells. Time courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of the intermediate fructos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： den Hollander JA,Brown TR,Ugurbil K,Shulman RG

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00