Appearance of acetylcholine receptors during differentiation of a myogenic cell line.

abstract：:Fetal exposure to environmental insults increases the susceptibility to late-onset neuropsychiatric disorders. Alcohol is listed as one of such prenatal environmental risk factors and known to exert devastating teratogenetic effects on the developing brain, leading to complex neurological and psychiatric symptoms obse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hashimoto-Torii K,Kawasawa YI,Kuhn A,Rakic P

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid receptors are differentially coupled to ion channels. Mu- and delta-opioid receptors are coupled to calcium- and/or voltage-dependent potassium channels and kappa-opioid receptors are coupled to voltage-dependent calcium channels. Using the single-electrode voltage-clamp technique, we investigated the effect of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gross RA,Macdonald RL

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, toxic electrolytes of endogenous and exogenous origin are excreted through the urine and bile. Before excretion, these compounds cross numerous cellular membranes in a transporter-mediated manner. However, the protein transporters involved in the final excretion step are poorly understood. Here, we show th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Otsuka M,Matsumoto T,Morimoto R,Arioka S,Omote H,Moriyama Y

更新日期：2005-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Reptiles and fish have robust regenerative powers for tooth renewal. However, extant mammals can either renew their teeth one time (diphyodont dentition) or not at all (monophyodont dentition). Humans replace their milk teeth with permanent teeth and then lose their ability for tooth renewal. Here, we study tooth rene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu P,Wu X,Jiang TX,Elsey RM,Temple BL,Divers SJ,Glenn TC,Yuan K,Chen MH,Widelitz RB,Chuong CM

更新日期：2013-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A molecular dynamics simulation of the gramicidin A channel in an explicit dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine bilayer was generated to study the details of lipid-protein interactions at the microscopic level. Solid-state NMR properties of the channel averaged over the 500-psec trajectory are in excellent agreement with a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woolf TB,Roux B

更新日期：1994-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown that hemophilia B (Christmas disease; factor IX deficiency) results from many different mutations in the factor IX gene, of which greater than 95% are single nucleotide substitutions. This study has identified a previously unreported form of hemophilia B in a patient who was a somatic mosaic for a g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taylor SA,Deugau KV,Lillicrap DP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolutionary game dynamics describe not only frequency-dependent genetic evolution, but also cultural evolution in humans. In this context, successful strategies spread by imitation. It has been shown that the details of strategy update rules can have a crucial impact on evolutionary dynamics in theoretical models and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Traulsen A,Semmann D,Sommerfeld RD,Krambeck HJ,Milinski M

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The prediction of binding sites and the understanding of interfaces associated with protein complexation remains an open problem in molecular biophysics. This work shows that a crucial factor in predicting and rationalizing protein-protein interfaces can be inferred by assessing the extent of intramolecular desolvatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernández A,Scheraga HA

更新日期：2003-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is an important cellular effector whose functions include the regulation of ion channels and membrane trafficking. Aberrant PIP2 metabolism has also been implicated in a variety of human disease states, e.g., cancer and diabetes. Here we report that familial Alzheimer's dis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Landman N,Jeong SY,Shin SY,Voronov SV,Serban G,Kang MS,Park MK,Di Paolo G,Chung S,Kim TW

更新日期：2006-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Assembly of light-harvesting complexes requires synchronization of chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis with biogenesis of light-harvesting Chl a/b-binding proteins (LHCPs). The chloroplast signal recognition particle (cpSRP) pathway is responsible for transport of nucleus-encoded LHCPs in the stroma of the plastid and thei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang P,Liang FC,Wittmann D,Siegel A,Shan SO,Grimm B

更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:An algorithm for protein engineering, termed recursive ensemble mutagenesis, has been developed to produce diverse populations of phenotypically related mutants whose members differ in amino acid sequence. This method uses a feedback mechanism to control successive rounds of combinatorial cassette mutagenesis. Startin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arkin AP,Youvan DC

更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the lethal, ataxic phenotype of complex I deficiency in Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mice, we inactivated Ndufs4 selectively in neurons and glia (NesKO mice). NesKO mice manifested the same symptoms as KO mice including retarded growth, loss of motor ability, breathing abnormalities, and death by approximately 7 wk...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Quintana A,Kruse SE,Kapur RP,Sanz E,Palmiter RD

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial adaptive immune system CRISPR-Cas9 has been appropriated as a versatile tool for editing genomes, controlling gene expression, and visualizing genetic loci. To analyze Cas9's ability to bind DNA rapidly and specifically, we generated multiple libraries of potential binding partners for measuring the kine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyle EA,Andreasson JOL,Chircus LM,Sternberg SH,Wu MJ,Guegler CK,Doudna JA,Greenleaf WJ

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Most natural populations are affected by seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall, or resource availability. Seasonally fluctuating selection could potentially make a large contribution to maintaining genetic polymorphism in populations. However, previous theory suggests that the conditions for multilocus polymorphis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wittmann MJ,Bergland AO,Feldman MW,Schmidt PS,Petrov DA

更新日期：2017-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Because xenon NMR is highly sensitive to the local environment, laser-polarized xenon could be a unique probe of living tissues. Realization of clinical and medical science applications beyond lung airspace imaging requires methods of efficient delivery of laser-polarized xenon to tissues, because of the short spin-la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goodson BM,Song Y,Taylor RE,Schepkin VD,Brennan KM,Chingas GC,Budinger TF,Navon G,Pines A

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants adapt to alterations in light conditions by controlling their gene expression profiles. Expression of light-inducible genes is transcriptionally induced by transcription factors such as HY5. However, few detailed analyses have been carried out on the control of transcription start sites (TSSs). Of the various w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kurihara Y,Makita Y,Kawashima M,Fujita T,Iwasaki S,Matsui M

更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain is a major health concern even though numerous analgesic agents are available. Side effects and lack of wide-spectrum efficacy of current drugs justify efforts to better understand pain mechanisms. Stabilization of natural epoxy-fatty acids (EFAs) through inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) reduces ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inceoglu B,Wagner K,Schebb NH,Morisseau C,Jinks SL,Ulu A,Hegedus C,Rose T,Brosnan R,Hammock BD

更新日期：2011-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The opposite slopes of "Evolution Canyon" in Israel have served as a natural model system of adaptation to a microclimate contrast. Long-term studies of Drosophila melanogaster populations inhabiting the canyon have exhibited significant interslope divergence in thermal and drought stress resistance, candidate genes, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hübner S,Rashkovetsky E,Kim YB,Oh JH,Michalak K,Weiner D,Korol AB,Nevo E,Michalak P

更新日期：2013-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We have demonstrated that the entire murine N-myc gene and the sequences necessary for its expression in human neuroblastoma cells are contained within a 7.4-kilobase murine genomic clone. The complete nucleotide sequence of this gene reveals a number of striking similarities and differences when compared to the relat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DePinho RA,Legouy E,Feldman LB,Kohl NE,Yancopoulos GD,Alt FW

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular mechanisms of osmolyte protection in protein stability has proved to be challenging. In particular, little is known about the role of osmolytes in the structure of the unfolding transition state of a protein, the main determinant of its dynamics. We have developed an experimental protocol t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dougan L,Genchev GZ,Lu H,Fernandez JM

更新日期：2011-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Performance on the visual paired-comparison task depends on the integrity of the hippocampal formation in humans, monkeys, and, for an analogous task, in rats. The present study sought additional evidence in healthy volunteers concerning the nature of this task. We found that performance on the visual paired-compariso...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Manns JR,Stark CE,Squire LR

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-genome duplication (WGD) is believed to be a significant source of major evolutionary innovation. Redundant genes resulting from WGD are thought to be lost or acquire new functions. However, the rates of gene loss and thus temporal process of genome reshaping after WGD remain unclear. The WGD shared by all teleo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue J,Sato Y,Sinclair R,Tsukamoto K,Nishida M

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Double fertilization is a key innovation for the evolutionary success of angiosperms by which the two fertilized female gametes, the egg cell and central cell, generate the embryo and endosperm, respectively. The female gametophyte (embryo sac) enclosed in the sporophyte is derived from a one-celled haploid cell linea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang MX,Zhu SS,Xu YC,Guo YL,Yang WC,Li HJ

更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In diabetes, the death of insulin-producing beta-cells by apoptosis leads to insulin deficiency. The lower prevalence of diabetes in females suggests that female sex steroids protect from beta-cell injury. Consistent with this hypothesis, 17beta-estradiol (estradiol) manifests antidiabetic actions in humans and rodent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Le May C,Chu K,Hu M,Ortega CS,Simpson ER,Korach KS,Tsai MJ,Mauvais-Jarvis F

更新日期：2006-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the processes of autoimmune attack of tissues is important for inhibiting continued tissue destruction. In type 1 diabetes, it is not known how cytotoxic effector T cell responses evolve over time in the pancreatic islets targeted for destruction. We used two-photon microscopy of live, intact, individual isle...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Friedman RS,Lindsay RS,Lilly JK,Nguyen V,Sorensen CM,Jacobelli J,Krummel MF

更新日期：2014-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We obtain a general connection between a large quantum advantage in communication complexity and Bell nonlocality. We show that given any protocol offering a sufficiently large quantum advantage in communication complexity, there exists a way of obtaining measurement statistics that violate some Bell inequality. Our m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buhrman H,Czekaj Ł,Grudka A,Horodecki M,Horodecki P,Markiewicz M,Speelman F,Strelchuk S

更新日期：2016-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the terminal step in the biosynthetic pathway for tetrahydrobiopterin, the cofactor necessary for aromatic amino acid hydroxylation. We report here the isolation of a cDNA clone for rat liver sepiapterin reductase. The cDNA has ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Citron BA,Milstien S,Gutierrez JC,Levine RA,Yanak BL,Kaufman S

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deficiency of acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) in mice results in a reduction in cholesterol ester synthesis in the small intestine and liver, which in turn limits intestinal cholesterol absorption, hepatic cholesterol gallstone formation, and the accumulation of cholesterol esters in the plasma lipoprot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Willner EL,Tow B,Buhman KK,Wilson M,Sanan DA,Rudel LL,Farese RV Jr

更新日期：2003-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with the t(15;17) translocation, which generates a PML/RAR alpha fusion protein between PML, a growth suppressor localized on nuclear matrix-associated bodies, and RAR alpha, a nuclear receptor for retinoic acid (RA). PML/RAR alpha was proposed to block myeloid differen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu J,Koken MH,Quignon F,Chelbi-Alix MK,Degos L,Wang ZY,Chen Z,de Thé H

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have grown crystals of a soluble recombinant form of human CD4, a transmembrane glycoprotein found predominantly on the surface of helper T cells. Crystals composed of the entire extracellular portion of CD4 exhibit extensive polymorphism. Of the five crystal types that have been grown, the best diffracts to Bragg ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwong PD,Ryu SE,Hendrickson WA,Axel R,Sweet RM,Folena-Wasserman G,Hensley P,Sweet RW

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00