Abstract:
:Six groups of Munich-Wistar rats underwent micropuncture study 2-10 weeks and morphologic studies 11-13 months after induction of streptozotocin diabetes or after sham treatment. Diabetic rats received diets containing 6% (group D6), 12% (D12), or 50% protein (D50) and were maintained under similar conditions of moderate hyperglycemia by daily injections of ultralente insulin. Age- and weight-matched normal control rats were also given 6% (Group N6), 12% (N12), or 50% protein (N50). Kidney weight, whole-kidney and single-nephron glomerular filtration rate, glomerular plasma flow, and mean glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference were higher in D50 rats than in all other groups and predisposed this group to marked and progressive albuminuria. Likewise, histological examination of the kidneys disclosed areas of sclerosis in 19.6% of glomeruli in D50 rats; the frequency of such lesions was less than 2.5% in all other groups. These findings indicate that the metabolic disorder seen in stable, moderately hyperglycemic diabetic rats does not lead to glomerulopathy as long as elevations in glomerular pressures and flows are prevented.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Zatz R,Meyer TW,Rennke HG,Brenner BMdoi
10.1073/pnas.82.17.5963subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-09-01 00:00:00pages
5963-7issue
17eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Time courses of 13C labeling from alanine and ethanol in perfused mouse livers have been followed by NMR. The enrichment at specific carbons of glucose, glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, acetate, acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and lactate has been measured. The specific labeling of glutamate in the presence of lab...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.10.4808
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal mammary epithelial cells from BALB/cfC3H midpregnant mice were freed from stromal cell types by Percoll density gradient centrifugation after collagenase digestion and were then embedded within collagen gels. Sustained growth leading to an increase in cell number was accomplished in response to cholera toxin an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.4.2088
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of JAK2 by chromosomal translocation or point mutation is a recurrent event in hematopoietic malignancies, including acute leukemias and myeloproliferative disorders. Although the effects of activated JAK2 signaling have been examined in cell lines and murine models, the functional consequences of deregulat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604902103
更新日期:2006-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal signal integration as well as synaptic transmission and plasticity highly depend on the morphology of dendrites and their spines. Nogo-A is a membrane protein enriched in the adult central nervous system (CNS) myelin, where it restricts the capacity of axons to grow and regenerate after injury. Nogo-A is also...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214255110
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been shown to participate in the recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system, but it is not clear how a restricted family of receptors has the capacity to recognize the wide spectrum of TLR stimuli known to exist. We report here that two members of the TLR family, TLR2 and TLR6...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.250476497
更新日期:2000-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::A reversible growth arrest of simian virus 40-transformed human fibroblasts has been produced by replacement of methionine in the growth medium by its immediate metabolic precursor, homocysteine, Although these arrested cells exhibit a greatly reduced cloning efficiency when plated in methionine-supplemented medium, t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7306
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder of young humans. Each year 150,000 children in the United States experience their first seizure. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), used to treat seizures in children, infants, and pregnant women, cause cognitive impairment, microcephaly, and birth defects. The cause of unwan...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.222550499
更新日期:2002-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::We have generated transgenic mice harboring a glycine-to-cysteine mutation in residue 85 of the triple helical domain of mouse type II collagen. The offspring of different founders displayed a phenotype of severe chondrodysplasia characterized by short limbs and trunk, cranio-facial deformities, and cleft palate. The ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.21.9648
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA polymerases from Xenopus laevis oocytes, unfertilized eggs, and kidney cells grown in culture have been characterized. The same three major DNA polymerase activities are present in all cell types examined. We attempt to relate the characteristics of amphibian enzymes to those of mammalian polymerases. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.9.3706
更新日期:1974-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plant Mentzelia pumila (family Loasaceae) has leaves and stems densely covered with tiny hooked trichomes. The structures entrap and kill insects and therefore are most probably protective. But they are also maladaptive in that they incapacitate a coccinellid beetle (Hippodamia convergens) that preys upon an aphid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.8.4410
更新日期:1998-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::A weakly nonlinear oscillator of natural frequency omega(0) and damping ratio delta is driven by an amplitude-modulated force of dimensionless amplitude epsilon, carrier frequency omega, and modulation frequency omega(1). Each of (omega - omega(0))/omega(0), omega(1)/omega(0), and delta is O(epsilon(2/3)) as epsilon -...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.12.3919
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brn-4 is a member of the POU transcription factor family and is expressed in the central nervous system. In this study, we addressed whether Brn-4 regulates expression of the D1A dopamine receptor gene. We found a functional Brn-4 responsive element in the intron of this gene by means of cotransfection chloramphenical...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11933
更新日期:1996-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy atoms, such as bromine or iodine, perturb the excited-state properties of aromatic chromophores through a spin-orbital coupling mechanism. In the present work the use of specifically directed spin-orbital probes to study subtle structural relationships in biopolymers is described. Heavy atoms are introduced into...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.8.2198
更新日期:1972-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Commercial hydrogen production by electrocatalytic water splitting will benefit from the realization of more efficient and less expensive catalysts compared with noble metal catalysts, especially for the oxygen evolution reaction, which requires a current density of 500 mA/cm2 at an overpotential below 300 mV with lon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1701562114
更新日期:2017-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::L-type Ca(2+) channels play a critical role in regulating Ca(2+)-dependent signaling in cardiac myocytes, including excitation-contraction coupling; however, the subcellular localization of cardiac L-type Ca(2+) channels and their regulation are incompletely understood. Caveolae are specialized microdomains of the pla...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0503465103
更新日期:2006-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Ras is a guanine nucleotide-binding protein that cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate a diverse array of cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. The guanine nucleotide-bound state of Ras is tightly maintained by regulatory factors to promote regul...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1037299100
更新日期:2003-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are widely used for treatment of cancer and other diseases, and a detailed understanding of the mechanism of their action is important for the development of improved microtubule-directed therapies. Although there is a large body of data on the interactions of different MTAs with pu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1300395110
更新日期:2013-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::For many years, the Neanderthals have been recognized as a distinctive extinct hominid group that occupied Europe and western Asia between about 200,000 and 30,000 years ago. It is still debated, however, whether these hominids belong in their own species, Homo neanderthalensis, or represent an extinct variant of Homo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.20.10852
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new ribonuclease, RNase BN, has been identified and partially purified from a strain of Escherichia coli lacking RNase II and RNase D by using the artificial tRNA precursor tRNA-C-[14C]U as substrate. This enzyme is present in E. coli B but absent from the tRNA processing mutant strain BN which is unable to process ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.11.3301
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have defined an essential role for the Dbf4-Cdc7 kinase complex in the initiation of DNA replication presumably by phosphorylation of target proteins, such as the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) complex. We have examined the phosphorylation of the Mcm complex by the Dfp1-H...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0237384100
更新日期:2003-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are a highly tumorigenic cell type present as a minority population in developmentally diverse tumors and cell lines. Using a genetic screen in an inducible model of CSC formation in a breast cell line, we identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that inhibit CSC growth and are down-regulated in CSCs....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212811109
更新日期:2012-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::A complete description of protein metabolism requires knowledge of the rates of protein production and destruction within cells. Using an epitope-tagged strain collection, we measured the half-life of >3,750 proteins in the yeast proteome after inhibition of translation. By integrating our data with previous measureme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605420103
更新日期:2006-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical forest degradation emits carbon at a rate of approximately 0.5 Pgxy(-1), reduces biodiversity, and facilitates forest clearance. Understanding degradation drivers and patterns is therefore crucial to managing forests to mitigate climate change and reduce biodiversity loss. Putative patterns of degradation aff...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914471107
更新日期:2010-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadal steroids have traditionally been found to have short-term effects on the mating behavior of adult vertebrates, such that increased steroid hormone levels influence behavior over the course of a few days. Long-term effects also have been observed in which embryonic exposure to steroid hormone influences the sex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.9.3545
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of a spider silk-manufacturing process is of great interest. However, there are serious problems with natural manufacturing through spider farming, and standard recombinant protein production platforms have provided limited progress due to their inability to assemble spider silk proteins into fibers. T...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109420109
更新日期:2012-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::A nongenetic, transgenerational effect of parental age on offspring fitness has been described in many taxa in the laboratory. Such a transgenerational fitness effect will have important influences on population dynamics, population age structure, and the evolution of aging and lifespan. However, effects of parental a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1422715112
更新日期:2015-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research on rainforest speciation has highlighted the importance of habitat variation in generating population diversification but lacks evidence of an associated reduction in gene flow. This paper describes a study in which molecular markers were used to examine the effects of allopatric divergence and habitat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.212248499
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in the embryonic chicken heart undergo agonist-induced internalization and a subsequent decrease in receptor number (downregulation). Cloning studies have identified two subtypes of mAChR expressed in the embryonic chicken heart, the cm2 and cm4 receptors. We report here that...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.11.5035
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signals through a receptor complex containing the type I (TGF-beta RI) and type II (TGF-beta RII) receptors. We describe here biochemical studies on early events in the TGF-beta signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is highly phosphorylated when expressed alone in COS-1 cells; its...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.5.1565
更新日期:1995-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::After pair-bonding, male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) display aggression toward novel females but not toward their female partner. Here we show that this selective aggression in pair-bonded male prairie voles is associated with increased release of vasopressin (AVP) in the anterior hypothalamus (AH). Pharmacol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908620106
更新日期:2009-11-10 00:00:00