Reflex splanchnic nerve stimulation increases levels of proenkephalin A mRNA and proenkephalin A-related peptides in the rat adrenal medulla.

abstract：:Sleep is essential for basic survival, and insufficient sleep leads to a variety of dysfunctions. In humans, one of the most profound consequences of sleep deprivation is imprecise or irrational communication, demonstrated by degradation in signaling as well as in receiving information. Communication in nonhuman anima...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Klein BA,Klein A,Wray MK,Mueller UG,Seeley TD

更新日期：2010-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterotrimeric complex between integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH, and parvin is an essential signaling platform, serving as a convergence point for integrin and growth-factor signaling and regulating cell adhesion, spreading, and migration. We report a 1.6-A crystal structure of the ILK ankyrin repeat domain bou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chiswell BP,Zhang R,Murphy JW,Boggon TJ,Calderwood DA

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin condensation plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Recently, it was shown that the transcriptional activation of Hoxd genes during vertebrate digit development involves modifications in 3D interactions within and around the HoxD gene cluster. This reorganization follows a global trans...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fabre PJ,Benke A,Joye E,Nguyen Huynh TH,Manley S,Duboule D

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The avian predentary is a small skeletal structure located rostral to the paired dentaries found only in Mesozoic ornithuromorphs. The evolution and function of this enigmatic element is unknown. Skeletal tissues forming the predentary and the lower jaws in the basal ornithuromorph Yanornis martini are identified usin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bailleul AM,Li Z,O'Connor J,Zhou Z

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The structural and functional organization of the Cct complex was addressed by genetic analyses of subunit interactions and catalytic cooperativity among five of the eight different essential subunits, Cct1p-Cct8p, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cct1-1, cct2-3, and cct3-1 alleles, containing mutations at t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin P,Sherman F

更新日期：1997-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from DBA/2 mice that were untreated or after the injection of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), thioglycollate broth, proteose-peptone broth, or gamma-irradiated P-815 tumor cells. These macrophages were "activated" to become cytotoxic for a fibroblast cell line (L 929) by the additi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blumenthal EJ,Roberts WK,Vasil A,Talmage DW

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocytes normally marginate toward the vascular wall in large vessels and within the microvasculature. Reversal of this process, leukocyte demargination, leads to substantial increases in the clinical white blood cell and granulocyte count and is a well-documented effect of glucocorticoid and catecholamine hormones,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fay ME,Myers DR,Kumar A,Turbyfield CT,Byler R,Crawford K,Mannino RG,Laohapant A,Tyburski EA,Sakurai Y,Rosenbluth MJ,Switz NA,Sulchek TA,Graham MD,Lam WA

更新日期：2016-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:It is widely accepted that modern humans originated in sub-Saharan Africa approximately 150-200 thousand years ago (ka), but their route of dispersal across the currently hyperarid Sahara remains controversial. Given that the first modern humans north of the Sahara are found in the Levant approximately 120-90 ka, nort...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Osborne AH,Vance D,Rohling EJ,Barton N,Rogerson M,Fello N

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Continuous and intensive exploitation of wildlife resources by early agricultural societies had major ecological consequences in the ancient Near East. In particular, hunting strategies of post-Neolithic societies involving the mass killing of wild ungulates contributed to the eventual extirpation of a number of wild ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bar-Oz G,Zeder M,Hole F

更新日期：2011-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:By using a mixture of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a probe, cloned cDNA sequences specific for low molecular weight (LMW) kininogen have been isolated from a cDNA library of bovine liver mRNA sequences. Nucleotide sequence analyses of cloned cDNA inserts have revealed that bovine liver LMW kininogens are enc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nawa H,Kitamura N,Hirose T,Asai M,Inayama S,Nakanishi S

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome c maturation in Escherichia coli requires the ccm operon, which encodes eight membrane proteins (CcmABCDEFGH). CcmE is a periplasmic heme chaperone that binds heme covalently and transfers it onto apocytochrome c in the presence of CcmF, CcmG, and CcmH. In this work we addressed the functions of the ccmABCD...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz H,Fabianek RA,Pellicioli EC,Hennecke H,Thöny-Meyer L

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular cholesterol metabolism is regulated primarily through the coordinate expression of two proteins, the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34). We have used cDNA probes for the human genes encoding these proteins to determine the precise...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindgren V,Luskey KL,Russell DW,Francke U

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the state of the art in applications of voice-processing technologies. In the first part, technologies concerning the implementation of speech recognition and synthesis algorithms are described. Hardware technologies such as microprocessors and DSPs (digital signal processors) are discussed. Softw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakatsu R,Suzuki Y

更新日期：1995-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that intracellular Ca2+ is an essential component of the intracellular mechanism of insulin action in the adipocyte was evaluated. Cells were loaded with the Ca2+ chelator quin-2, by preincubating them with quin-2 AM, the tetrakis(acetoxymethyl) ester of quin-2. Quin-2 loading inhibited insulin-stimulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pershadsingh HA,Shade DL,Delfert DM,McDonald JM

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of protein kinase C (PKC) as a mediator of glucose-induced insulin secretion has been a subject of controversy. Glucose-induced translocation of PKC has not been reported, and the relevant PKC isoenzymes in islets have not been identified. To address these issues, we developed specific antibodies to the alpha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ganesan S,Calle R,Zawalich K,Smallwood JI,Zawalich WS,Rasmussen H

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary cultures of differentiated liver cells from fetal rats respond to serum from partially hepatectomized rats by an increased uptake of [(3)H]thymidine and [(3)H]leucine as compared with cultures incubated with normal rat serum. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of induction of DNA synthes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paul D,Leffert H,Sato G,Holley RW

更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein synthesis has an overall error rate of approximately 10(-4) for each mRNA codon translated. The fidelity of translation is mainly determined by two events: synthesis of cognate amino acid:tRNA pairs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and accurate selection of aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) by the ribosome. To e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reynolds NM,Ling J,Roy H,Banerjee R,Repasky SE,Hamel P,Ibba M

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of evidence suggest that the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) regulates cardiovascular functions during embryogenesis and adulthood. 5-HT binds to numerous cognate receptors to initiate its biological effects. However, none of the 5-HT receptor disruptions in mice have yet resulted in embryonic defe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nebigil CG,Choi DS,Dierich A,Hickel P,Le Meur M,Messaddeq N,Launay JM,Maroteaux L

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in sequences at the C terminus of the capsid precursor protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that affect the viral p6 protein prevent release of budded virus particles from the cell surface. The experiments reported here define an important step in the life cycle of the virus, the release of the bud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Göttlinger HG,Dorfman T,Sodroski JG,Haseltine WA

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:An ADP analog carrying a biotin moiety and a photoreactive group was synthesized. In the presence of vanadate ion (Vi), the analog was tightly trapped into the ATPase site of heavy meromyosin (HMM) or myosin subfragment 1 (S1) in an ADP analog/ATPase site molar ratio of 1:1. UV illumination on the HMM (or S1)-Vi-ADP a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sutoh K,Yamamoto K,Wakabayashi T

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews food (especially cereal) production trends and prospects for the world and its main regions. Despite fears to the contrary, in recent years we have seen continued progress toward better methods of feeding humanity. Sub-Saharan Africa is the sole major exception. Looking to the future, this paper arg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dyson T

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species, the by-products of oxidative energy metabolism, are considered a main proximate cause of aging. Accordingly, overexpression of the enzyme Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) can lengthen lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster in the laboratory. However, the role of SOD1 as a main determinant of l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Parker JD,Parker KM,Sohal BH,Sohal RS,Keller L

更新日期：2004-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite high structural homology between NO reductases (NORs) and heme-copper oxidases (HCOs), factors governing their reaction specificity remain to be understood. Using a myoglobin-based model of NOR (FeBMb) and tuning its heme redox potentials (E°') to cover the native NOR range, through manipulating hydrogen bondi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhagi-Damodaran A,Reed JH,Zhu Q,Shi Y,Hosseinzadeh P,Sandoval BA,Harnden KA,Wang S,Sponholtz MR,Mirts EN,Dwaraknath S,Zhang Y,Moënne-Loccoz P,Lu Y

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of a series of anions to inhibit [(3)H]strychnine binding to spinal cord synaptic membranes correlates closely with their neurophysiologic capacity to reverse inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in the mammalian spinal cord. Seven neurophysiologically active anions are also effective inhibitors of [(3)H]str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young AB,Snyder SH

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The GATA factor Serpent (Srp) is required for hemocyte precursor formation during Drosophila hematopoiesis. These blood cell progenitors give rise to two distinct lineages within the developing embryo. Lozenge, a Runx protein homologue, and Glial cells missing-1 and -2 are essential for crystal cell and plasmatocyte p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fossett N,Hyman K,Gajewski K,Orkin SH,Schulz RA

更新日期：2003-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsic horizontal axon collaterals in the striate cortex of adult cats specifically link columns having the same preferred orientation; consequently, retrograde tracer injections result in intrinsic labeling that is sharply clustered. We have previously shown that the normal development of this circuitry involves t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Callaway EM,Katz LC

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters are a recently discovered family of primary active transporters for micronutrients and vitamins, such as biotin, thiamine, and riboflavin. Found exclusively in archaea and bacteria, including the human pathogens Listeria, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus, ECF transporters may...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karpowich NK,Wang DN

更新日期：2013-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryonic sites in which progenitors of the hematopoietic lineages first emerge are ideal regions to characterize both the cells and environment needed to initiate blood cell development. For a number of years both the murine yolk sac and embryo have been recognized to contain progenitors of B lymphocytes. However...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cumano A,Furlonger C,Paige CJ

更新日期：1993-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In polymicrobial infections, microbes can interact with both the host immune system and one another through direct contact or the secretion of metabolites, affecting disease progression and treatment options. The thick mucus in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis is highly susceptible to polymicrobial infection...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moree WJ,Phelan VV,Wu CH,Bandeira N,Cornett DS,Duggan BM,Dorrestein PC

更新日期：2012-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors required for the antiviral activity of the synthetic nucleoside, ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), is the ability of the molecule to adopt the substrate conformation specified by the enzyme for which it is a competitive inhibitor, inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DL,Miles DW,Redington P,Eyring H

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00