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A new perspective on imaging of olfactory dysfunction: Does size matter?

Abstract：

PURPOSE:This study assesses the diagnostic utility of olfactory nerve and bulb morphologies in addition to volumetric analysis in classification of different olfactory dysfunction etiologies. METHODS:106 patients presenting with olfactory loss and 17 control subjects were included. Based on detailed anamnesis, smell test and ear-nose-throat examination; patients were categorized into four groups as post-viral, post-traumatic, idiopathic, and obstructive olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory region was imaged with paranasal sinus CT and MRI dedicated to olfactory nerve. Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depths were calculated on MRI. The olfactory bulb was assessed for morphology, contour lobulations and T2-signal intensity; and olfactory nerve for uniformity and clumping. RESULTS:Volumetric analysis showed decreased olfactory bulb volume in idiopathic and obstructive group compared to control subjects. Olfactory sulci were shallower in post-viral, post-traumatic, idiopathic, and obstructive group compared to the control group. In post-viral group; olfactory bulbs had lobulated contour and focal T2-hyperintense regions in 67 % of cases, and olfactory nerves had a clumped and thickened appearance in 66 % of cases. In idiopathic group, olfactory bulbs were rectangular shaped with minimally deformed contours, and olfactory nerves were thin and hard to delineate. No specific olfactory bulb or nerve pattern was identified in obstructive and post-traumatic groups, however closed olfactory cleft and siderotic frontobasal changes were helpful clues in obstructive and post-traumatic groups, respectively. CONCLUSION:In addition to olfactory cleft patency, olfactory sulcus depth and olfactory bulb volume; bulb and nerve morphologies may provide diagnostic information on different etiologies of olfactory dysfunction.

journal_name

Eur J Radiol

journal_title

European journal of radiology

authors

Yildirim D,Altundag A,Tekcan Sanli DE,Bakir A,Eryurekli A,Alis D,Kandemirli SG

doi

10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109290

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-01 00:00:00

pages

109290

eissn

0720-048X

issn

1872-7727

pii

S0720-048X(20)30479-4

journal_volume

132

pub_type

杂志文章

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