Abstract:
:Using a forward-mutation assay based on the inactivation of the tetracycline-resistance gene located on plasmid pBR322, we have determined the mutation spectrum induced in Escherichia coli by cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)], a widely used antitumor drug. Cisplatin is known to form mainly intrastrand diadducts at ApG and GpG sites. We found that cisplatin efficiently induces mutations in an SOS-dependent way (i.e., dependent upon UV irradiation of the host bacteria). More than 90% of the mutations are single-base-pair substitutions occurring at the potential sites of cisplatin adducts (ApG and GpG). Taking into account the relative proportions of ApG and GpG adducts, we found that the ApG adducts are at least 5 times more mutagenic than the GpG adducts. Moreover, a strong mutation specificity was seen at the 5' side of the ApG adducts (A X T----T X A transversions). The observation that most mutations occur at the 5' end of the adduct at both ApG and GpG sites is discussed in relation to recent structural data.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Burnouf D,Duane M,Fuchs RPdoi
10.1073/pnas.84.11.3758subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
3758-62issue
11eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract::When G-protein alpha subunits binds GTP and Mg(2+), they transition from their inactive to their active conformation. This transition is accompanied by completion of the coordination shell of Mg(2+) with electrons from six oxygens: two water molecules, the ss and gamma phosphoryls of GTP, a helix-alpha1 Ser, and a swi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1004803107
更新日期:2010-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The posterodorsal part of the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MeAp) receives its major sensory input from the accessory olfactory bulb and projects massively to the medial preoptic nucleus and other sexually dimorphic hypothalamic nuclei thought to play key roles in mediating steroid-sensitive reproductive functions. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.12.4766
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivi are used to treat H5N1 influenza. However, oseltamivir-resistant H5N1 viruses have been isolated from oseltamivir-treated patients. Moreover, reassortment between H5N1 viruses and oseltamvir-resistant human H1N1 viruses currently circulating could create oseltamivi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909603107
更新日期:2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Glaucoma is a common cause of vision loss or blindness and reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) has been proven beneficial in a large fraction of glaucoma patients. The IOP is maintained by the trabecular meshwork (TM) and the elevation of IOP in open-angle glaucoma is associated with dysfunction and loss of the po...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1604153113
更新日期:2016-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, self-recognition and the thereby promoted aggregation of thousands of cells into protective flocs is mediated by a family of cell-surface adhesins, the flocculins (Flo). Based on this social behavior FLO genes fulfill the definition of "greenbeard" genes, which direct coo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1013210108
更新日期:2010-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubules are polarized polymers that exhibit dynamic instability, with alternating phases of elongation and shortening, particularly at the more dynamic plus-end. Microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) localize to and track with growing microtubule plus-ends in the cell. +TIPs regulate microtubule dynamics...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0807614106
更新日期:2009-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::The influenza virus genes that confer efficient transmission of epidemic and pandemic strains in humans have not been identified. The rapid spread and severe disease caused by the 1918 influenza pandemic virus makes it an ideal virus to study the transmissibility of potentially pandemic influenza strains. Here, we use...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0813172106
更新日期:2009-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a "continual engagement" model to better integrate knowledge from policy makers, communities, and researchers with the goal of promoting more effective action to balance poverty alleviation and wildlife conservation in 4 pastoral ecosystems of East Africa. The model involved the creation of a core boundar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0900313106
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Secretion of inflammatory mediators by rat mast cells (line RBL-2H3) was earlier shown to be inhibited upon clustering a membrane glycoprotein by monoclonal antibody G63. This glycoprotein, named mast cell function-associated antigen (MAFA), was also shown to interfere with the coupling cascade of the type 1 Fc epsilo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.20.9397
更新日期:1995-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclease resistance and RNA affinity are key criteria in the search for optimal antisense nucleic acid modifications, but the origins of the various levels of resistance to nuclease degradation conferred by chemical modification of DNA and RNA are currently not understood. The 2'-O-aminopropyl (AP)-RNA modification di...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.25.14240
更新日期:1999-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Depending on the cellular context, BCL2-like proteins promote mitochondrial fusion or fission. What determines which of these two opposing processes they promote has so far been unknown. Furthermore, the mechanisms through which BCL2-like proteins affect mitochondrial dynamics remain to be fully understood. The BCL2-l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1103218108
更新日期:2011-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Induced seismicity linked to geothermal resource exploitation, hydraulic fracturing, and wastewater disposal is evolving into a global issue because of the increasing energy demand. Moderate to large induced earthquakes, causing widespread hazards, are often related to fluid injection into deep permeable formations th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1819225116
更新日期:2019-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::beta-Adrenergic receptors on Friend erythroleukemic cells were identified by the use of 125I-labeled hydroxybenzylpindolol, a potent beta-adrenergic antagonist. Binding of this ligand was saturable and stereospecific. The relative orders of potency of isoproterenol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine to displace bound hy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.7.4065
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphine is one of the most prescribed and effective drugs used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain conditions. In addition to its central effects, morphine can also produce peripheral analgesia. However, the mechanisms underlying this peripheral action of morphine have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914733107
更新日期:2010-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the homeobox protein CDX1 is lost or reduced in a significant proportion of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) but the underlying mechanism for this is unclear. We have demonstrated absence of CDX1 mRNA expression in 7 of 37 CRC cell lines and shown that all 7 cell lines have a methylated CDX1 promoter. Twenty...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307190101
更新日期:2004-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::The sex pheromone biosynthetic pathways of lepidopterans require the concerted actions of multiple gene products. A number of pheromone gland (PG)-specific genes have been cloned in recent years and, whereas in vitro characterizations have indicated functions consistent with roles in pheromone production, there have b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0511270103
更新日期:2006-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the possibility that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) acts as a neuromodulator in the adult cerebellar cortex since previous observations indicated that IGF-I is located in the olivo-cerebellar system encompassing the inferior olive and Purkinje cells. We found that conjoint administration of IGF-I and g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7386
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sense of body ownership represents a fundamental aspect of our self-awareness, but is disrupted in many neurological, psychiatric, and psychological conditions that are also characterized by disruption of skin temperature regulation, sometimes in a single limb. We hypothesized that skin temperature in a specific l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803768105
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Levels and subcellular distribution of connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, were studied in hamster leukocytes before and after activation with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) both in vitro and in vivo. Untreated leukocytes did not express Cx43. However, Cx43 was clearly detectable by indirect immunofluores...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.7011
更新日期:1995-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane currents of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) were compared with the currents of their nontransformed counterparts by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In nontransformed CEFs, the main membrane current is a delayed outward K+ current that is sensitive to t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3403
更新日期:1993-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) of glutamatergic transmission are candidate mechanisms for long-term spatial memory, the precise contributions of LTP and LTD remain poorly understood. Here, we report that LTP and LTD in the hippocampal CA1 region of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1008200107
更新日期:2010-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Ride-sharing services are transforming urban mobility by providing timely and convenient transportation to anybody, anywhere, and anytime. These services present enormous potential for positive societal impacts with respect to pollution, energy consumption, congestion, etc. Current mathematical models, however, do not...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1611675114
更新日期:2017-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::The amphiphilic fluorescent styryl pyridinium dyes FM1-43 and FM4-64 are used to probe activity-dependent synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons. Cultured astrocytes can internalize FM1-43 and FM4-64 inside vesicles but their uptake is insensitive to the elevation of cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and the under...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909109106
更新日期:2009-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::The phosphorylation of protein I, a specific neuronal protein, has been found to be regulated both by cyclic AMP (cAMP) and by calcium, in intact as well as in lysed synaptosome preparations from rat brain. In order to determine the phosphorylation site(s) of protein I that were regulated by cAMP and calcium, protein ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.10.5402
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fluxes of arginine and citrulline through plasma and the rate of conversion of labeled citrulline to arginine were estimated in two pilot studies (with a total of six adult subjects) and in a dietary study with five healthy young men. These latter subjects received an L-amino acid-based diet that was arginine-rich...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.16.7749
更新日期:1993-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::After pollen grains germinate on the stigma, pollen tubes traverse the extracellular matrix of the style on their way to the ovules. We previously characterized two pollen-specific, receptor-like kinases, LePRK1 and LePRK2, from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Their structure and immunolocalization pattern and the s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0631728100
更新日期:2003-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor α 1 gene (THRA) have recently been identified as a cause of intellectual deficit in humans. Patients present with structural abnormalities including microencephaly, reduced cerebellar volume and decreased axonal density. Here, we show that directed differentiation of THRA muta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1908762116
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::The onset of autoimmunity in experimental rodent models and patients frequently correlates with a lymphopenic state. In this condition, the immune system has evolved compensatory homeostatic mechanisms that induce quiescent naive T cells to proliferate and differentiate into memory-like lymphocytes even in the apparen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0807743105
更新日期:2008-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Many bacterial pathogens of plants and animals have evolved a specialized protein-secretion system termed type III to deliver bacterial proteins into host cells. These proteins stimulate or interfere with host cellular functions for the pathogen's benefit. The Salmonella typhimurium pathogenicity island 1 encodes one ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.170128997
更新日期:2000-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::The tissue-specific transcriptional coactivator OCA-B is required for antigen-dependent B cell differentiation events, including germinal center formation. However, the identity of OCA-B target genes involved in this process is unknown. This study has used large-scale cDNA arrays to monitor changes in gene expression ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1033108100
更新日期:2003-07-22 00:00:00