Abstract：
:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in physiology and disease and represent productive drug targets. Orphan GPCRs, which have unknown endogenous ligands, are considered drug targets and consequently have attracted great interest in identifying their endogenous cognate ligands for deorphanization. However, additional studies have shown that GPCRs, including many orphan GPCRs, can constitutively activate G protein signaling in a ligand-independent manner. GPR39 is such an orphan GPCR with constitutive activity. Here, we performed a phylogenetic and selection analysis of GPR39 in vertebrates, and we found that GPR39 underwent positive selection in different branches of vertebrates. Using luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrated that human, frog and chicken GPR39 can constitutively activate Gq and G12 signaling pathways in a ligand-independent manner. Zebrafish GPR39 can constitutively activate Gs, Gq and G12 signaling pathways in a ligand-independent manner. We further found that the zebrafish-H2967.35 site is crucial for the activity of the Gs signaling pathway. In addition, our mutagenesis studies indicated that the positive selection sites of GPR39 from different species had important effects on the constitutive activity of the receptor. Our results revealed the adaptive evolution of GPR39 in diverse directions, which led to differences in constitutive activity.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Zhang L,Song J,Zang Z,Tang H,Li W,Lai S,Deng Cdoi
10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113610subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-01 00:00:00pages
113610eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840pii
S0016-6480(20)30363-4journal_volume
299pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Using combined nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPHd) histochemistry and salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) immunocytochemistry, it is reported for the first time that possible potential contacts occur between the nitric oxide (NO)- and the GnRH-containing neurons in the brain of a ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.2000.7541
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.040
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.014
更新日期：2017-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113216
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(92)90256-j
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abstract：:Sex steroid levels in the plasma of the female Pleurodeles waltl were determined by radioimmunoassay of blood samples taken monthly from each newt during an 18-month period. Estradiol-17 beta levels were relatively high (greater than 1 ng/ml) but androgen levels were higher (2-30 ng/ml). Androgen and estradiol-17 beta...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90075-9
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We prepared monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against a recombinant tethered follicle-stimulating hormone (rec-FSH) from Japanese eel Anguilla japonica that was produced in Escherichia coli. Positive hybridomas (clones eFA-C5, eFA-C10, eFA-C11, eFA-C12, eFA-C13, and eFB-C14) were selected by using the eel FSH antigen in EL...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.04.030
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.07.009
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) was infused into the third ventricle of anesthetized laying turkey hens at various concentrations to determine its effect on both basal prolactin (PRL) levels and ongoing electrically induced PRL secretion. The infusion of DA at rates of 1.0 or 10.0 nmol/min resulted in dose dependent increases in plasma...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1995.1049
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Migratory birds undergo metabolic remodeling in tissues, including increased lipid storage in white adipose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle, to optimize energy substrate availability and utilization in preparation for long-distance flight. Different tissues undergo gene expression changes in kee...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.08.009
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that the functional diversity of growth hormone (GH) is related to its molecular complexity. Here we report a characterization of charge and mass variants of chicken growth hormone (cGH) through a variety of electrophoretic systems [nondenaturing (ND-PAGE), denaturing (SDS-PAGE), under reducing a...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90148-f
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1993.1010
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhythmic synthesis of moulting hormones (ecdysteroids) by prothoracic glands (PGs) of the insect Rhodnius prolixus during the last larval instar was studied in vitro following explantations every 4-5 hr for up to 96 hr. Ecdysteroid synthesis was measured by radioimmunoassay as the quantity of ecdysteroid produced duri...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(91)90102-c
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90230-j
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) are fish nonapeptides synthesized in separate hypothalamic neurons from where they are transported to the neurohypophysis for storage and release into circulation. AVT is known to modulate aggression, courtship and parental care or social communication in many species, includ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.022
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence and distribution of cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin-like immunoreactivity (IR) was examined in the goldfish pituitary. Intense CCK/gastrin-like IR was consistently observed within fibers of the proximal pars distalis (PD), with fewer IR fibers localized in the rostral PD. Within the proximal PD CCK/gastrin-...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1993.1146
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro effects of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH), substance P (SP), and their antagonists on prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), progesterone, androgens, and estradiol-17 beta release by follicles and corpus luteum (CL) of the oviparous lizard, Podarcis sicula sicula, wer...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1018
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.06.012
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90276-x
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-resistance epithelia derived from amphibian sources such as frog skin, toad urinary bladder, and the A6 Xenopus laevis kidney cell line have been widely used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of vectorial ion transport. More recently, the isolation of high-resistance mammalian cell...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.11.010
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged or frequent secretion of adrenal glucocorticoids in response to aversive stimuli can negatively impact reproduction. Because female southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) reproduce poorly in captivity, we compared fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations among parous, nulliparous, and ad...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.02.010
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunochemical investigations, using dot immunobinding assay (DIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunocytochemical studies reveal the following new information about crustacean vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH): (1) The structure of VIH is sufficiently different from that of the other sinus...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(87)90187-0
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Under 25 degrees C and a long day photoperiod, about half of the fourth instar Psacothea hilaris larvae molt to the fifth instar on day 13 and pupate about 18 days later; the rest pupate without a further larval molt with a mean fourth instar period of 24 days. However, starvation of fourth instar larvae exceeding a t...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.05.006
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin (INS) plays a critical role in the growth, development, and metabolism of vertebrates. In this study, a cDNA encoding a novel insulin receptor (IR) subtype was isolated, cloned, and sequenced from the liver of rainbow trout. A 1525-bp cDNA encoding a partial amino acid sequence of the β-subunit including the t...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.09.005
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditional views suggest that growth hormone and the growth hormone receptor (GH/GHR complex) exert their functions only on the plasma membrane. This paradigm, however, has been challenged by recent new findings that the GH/GHR complex could translocate into cell nuclei where they could still exhibit important physio...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.002
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To better understand the role(s) of progesterone in fish spermatogenesis, we cloned the nuclear progesterone receptor (Pgr) of Atlantic cod. The open-reading frame of the cod pgr consists of 2076 bp, coding for a 691-amino acids-long protein that shows the highest similarity with other piscine Pgr proteins. Functional...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.07.022
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A highly specific and homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the measurement of prolactin (PRL) in the plasma and the pituitary of the eel was developed using a rabbit antiserum to eel PRL. PRL was purified from the pituitary of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Pituitary extracts and plasma from the Japanese and Europ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(91)90167-5
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary excretion of the thyroid hormones (TH) L-thyroxine (T4), and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) and their derivatives was studied in urinary-catheterized rainbow trout (mean wt. 227 g) fasted for 2 days under a 12-hr L:12-hr D photocycle in running water (12 degrees). Catheterized trout were intracardiac-injected...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1128
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in plasma cortisol and glucose concentration were studied in carp during acclimation from fresh water (FW) to 1.5% salt water and vice versa. There was an increase in cortisol and glucose concentration during acclimation from FW to salt water which lasted for several days. Reacclimation to FW did not cause cle...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(84)90155-2
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
