Abstract:
:Stressors induce physiological changes in the brain and periphery that support adaptive defensive responses. The consequences of psychological stress on cognitive functioning are often measured in laboratory settings using experimentally induced stress that leads to mainly negative subjective feelings. There is a need for verification of these studies using real-life stressors that may potentially induce both positive and negative subjective feelings. In an observational study, we investigated real-life stress induced by voluntary stage performance at a large-scale music festival, including 126 participants (60 female, age range = 16-57 years). Our primary measurements involved salivary cortisol, heart rate, blood pressure, and positive and negative affect. In addition, participants completed a 2-back working memory task and a speeded decision-making task. We found that stage performance significantly increased salivary cortisol - with a particularly low number of cortisol non-responders - and heart rate, even when controlling for potential confounding factors, such as sleep, movement, and alcohol use. Interestingly, stage performance significantly decreased negative affect while increasing positive affect. This positively experienced stressor ("eustressor") was related to impaired working memory performance: the stronger the increases in cortisol, the slower participants responded to targets. Decision-making, however, was not affected. In conclusion, we show how stressful experiences in real-life can lead to positive affect, but still have a similar negative impact on cognitive functioning. We suggest that future research should focus more on the consequences of real-life stressors, and the consequences of eustress, in order to extend our understanding of the concept of psychological stress.
journal_name
Psychoneuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Psychoneuroendocrinologyauthors
Everaerd DS,Henckens MJAG,Bloemendaal M,Bovy L,Kaldewaij R,Maas FMWM,Mulders PCR,Niermann HCM,van de Pavert I,Przezdzik I,Fernández G,Klumpers F,de Voogd LDdoi
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104593subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-01 00:00:00pages
104593eissn
0306-4530issn
1873-3360pii
S0306-4530(20)30012-3journal_volume
114pub_type
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