Abstract:
:Sandifer syndrome is a rare complication of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) when a patient presents with extraoesophageal symptoms, typically neurological. The aim of this study was to review the existing literature and describe a typical presentation and most appropriate investigations and management for the Sandifer syndrome. A comprehensive literature search was performed via PubMed, Cochrane Library and NHS Evidence databases. Twenty-seven cases and observational studies were identified. The literature demonstrates that presenting symptoms of Sandifer's may include any combination of abnormal movements and/or positioning of head, neck, trunk and upper limbs, seizure-like episodes, ocular symptoms, irritability, developmental and growth delay and iron-deficiency anaemia. A 24-h oesophageal pH monitoring was positive in all the cases of Sandifer's where it was performed, while upper GI endoscopy ± biopsy and barium swallow were diagnostic only in a subset of cases. Successful treatment of the underlying gastro-oesophageal pathology led to a complete or near-complete resolution of the neurological symptoms in all of the cases.Conclusion: It is evident from the literature that many patients with Sandifer syndrome were originally misdiagnosed with various neuropsychiatric diagnoses that led to unnecessary testing and ineffective medications with significant side effects. Earlier diagnosis of Sandifer's would have allowed to avoid them.What is Known:• Sandifer syndrome is a rare complication of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) when a patient presents with extraoesophageal symptoms, typically neurological.• It may be difficult to recognise due to its non-specific presentation and lack of gastrointestinal symptoms.What is New:• Based on the review of 44 clinical cases of suspected Sandifer syndrome, the clinical picture was clarified: the presenting symptoms of Sandifer's may include any combination of abnormal movements and/or positioning of head, neck, trunk and upper limbs, seizure-like episodes, ocular symptoms, irritability, developmental and growth delay and iron-deficiency anaemia.• Successful treatment of the underlying gastro-oesophageal pathology led to a complete or near-complete resolution of the neurological symptoms in all of the reviewed cases.
journal_name
Eur J Pediatrjournal_title
European journal of pediatricsauthors
Mindlina Idoi
10.1007/s00431-019-03567-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
243-250issue
2eissn
0340-6199issn
1432-1076pii
10.1007/s00431-019-03567-6journal_volume
179pub_type
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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abstract::An autosomal dominant hereditary bone dysplasia was observed in three members of a Sardinian family living in Germany--the father and two sons. The guiding clinical symptom is thickening of the wrist proximal to the styloid process of the ulna. The radiologically recognizable changes--non-calcified cartilaginous islan...
journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00441415
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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doi:10.1007/s00431-012-1792-7
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1497-3
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00431-003-1331-7
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/pl00014375
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004310051194
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00441774
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00496922
更新日期:1978-05-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01995850
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00431-002-1012-y
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
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journal_title:European journal of pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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