Abstract:
:Calf brain 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS):proteoheparan sulfate (PHS) N-sulfotransferase activity is solubilized by extracting salt-washed microsomes with 1% Cutscum. A protocol is described for the partial purification of the sulfotransferase activity utilizing: (1) diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Sephacel, (2) heparin-Sepharose CL-6B, and (3) 3',5'-ADP-agarose as chromatographic supports. Sulfotransferase activity was followed by using 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phospho[35S]sulfate and endogenous acceptors in heat-inactivated microsomes as exogenous substrates. Two chromatographically distinct fractions (ST1 and ST2) of sulfotransferase activity are resolved on DEAE-Sephacel. Both sulfotransferase activities have been partially purified and characterized. An apparent purification of the two N-sulfotransferase fractions of 22- to 29-fold, relative to the microsomal activity, is achieved by this procedure. Since ST1 appears to represent approximately 24% of the total microsomal activity, a purification of 89-fold has been estimated for this fraction. Neither sulfotransferase activity was stimulated by MnCl2, MgCl2, or CaCl2 added at 10 mM, nor inhibited by the presence of 10 mM EDTA. ST1 and ST2 are optimally active at pH 7.5-8. Apparent Km values for PAPS of 2.3 microM and 0.9 microM have been determined for ST1 and ST2, respectively. ST1 exhibits N-sulfotransferase activity primarily and is inhibited by phosphatidylserine whereas the ST2 fraction contains a mixture of N- and O-sulfotransferase activity and is stimulated by phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylcholine. The detection of two chromatographically distinct sulfotransferase activities raises the possibility that N-sulfation of proteoheparan sulfates could be catalyzed by more than one enzyme, and that N-sulfation and O-sulfation of proteoglycans are catalyzed by separate enzymes in nervous tissue.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Miller RR,Waechter CJdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb04839.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
87-94issue
1eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The mesolimbic system of the brain has been shown to be involved in the reward properties of a number of agents. It is possible that release of monoamines by nicotine in this brain area could be related to the pleasurable aspects related to cigarette smoking. In this investigation, the effect of nicotine on the releas...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb01013.x
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4), a secreted 43 amino acid peptide, promotes oligodendrogenesis, and improves neurological outcome in rat models of neurologic injury. We demonstrated that exogenous Tβ4 treatment up-regulated the expression of the miR-200a in vitro in rat brain progenitor cells and in vivo in the peri-infarct are...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13394
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the cloning, genome mapping, functional expression, pharmacology and anatomical distribution of three melanocortin (MC) receptors from zebrafish (z). Phylogenetic analysis showed with high bootstrap support that these genes represent one MC4 receptor and two MC5 receptors. Chromosomal mapping showed conserve...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00934.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although isoelectric focusing has been used to demonstrate the presence of oligoclonal IgG in the CSF, the technique has not allowed detection of oligoclonal IgG in unconcentrated CSF. A new technique is reported, by which unconcentrated CSF is separated by isoelectric focusing, and the IgG bands are then detected by ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00445.x
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant gliomas are common and aggressive brain tumours associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We showed in this report that substratum adherence and migration by human U87MG glioma cells in culture were significantly attenuated by the extracellular domains of Nogo-A (Nogo-66) and the myelin-associated...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02573.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The angiotensin II competitive antagonist [125I]-Sar1, Ile8-angiotensin II was not transported from the vascular space to the cerebroventricular space in either intact or nephrectomized rats. In addition [125I]Sar1, Ile8-angiotensin II lacked the capacity to move in the opposite direction over a 20-min collection peri...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02946.x
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recovery of AChE activity in the motor end plate region and end plate free region of the rat diaphragm was studied after irreversible inhibition by soman. Recovery was slow during the first 2 days and only 4 S and 10 S molecular forms of AChE were present in the end plate region. However, cytochemical evidence indicat...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04478.x
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycine residues can introduce flexibility in proteins, give rise to turns and breaks in secondary structure and are key components of some nucleotide binding motifs. In the P2X receptor extracellular ATP binding domain, 11 glycine residues are completely conserved and an additional five are conserved in at least five...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03494.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the central nervous system, astrocytes extend endfoot processes to ensheath synapses and microvessels. However, the mechanisms underlying this astrocytic process extension remain unclear. A limitation of the use of 2D cultured astrocytes for such studies is that they display a flat, epithelioid morphology, with no ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.14548
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular localization of the two forms of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) was investigated by measuring their activities in rat striatum following unilateral stereotaxic injection of kainic acid, which causes degeneration of striatal neurons followed by proliferation of astroglial cells. Membrane-bound COMT ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb12673.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to establish whether the antioxidant and iron-chelating activities of R-apomorphine (R-APO), a D(1)-D(2) receptor agonist, may contribute to its neuroprotective property, its S-isomer, which is not a dopamine agonist, was studied. The neuroprotective property of R- and S-APO has been studied in the MPTP model...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.t01-1-00227.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute exposure to 100 mM isotonic ethanol (EtOH) increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), induced cell swelling, and transformed actin cytoskeleton in astroglial primary cultures from rat cerebral cortex. Fluorometric recordings of fluo-3AM- or fura-2AM-incubated astroglial cells revealed that EtOH induce...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00097.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A non-invasive (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technique is described for the determination of the N-acetyl-L-aspartate (NAA) synthesis rate, V(NAA), in the human brain in vivo. In controls, the mean V(NAA) was 9.2 +/- 3.9 nmol/min/g. In Canavan disease, where [NAA] is increased (p < 0.001) and [aspartate]...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.t01-1-00282.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) have an extraordinary capacity to withstand prolonged and profound reductions in blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain without incurring any cellular damage. As such, the hibernation torpor of I. tridecemlineatus provides a valuable model of tolerance ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13368
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fate of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was examined by a GnRH radioimmunoassay during in vitro incubations of the rat medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). There was a progressive disappearance of exogenous GnRH during MBH incubations. The GnRH degradation could be explained by the release of peptidases from the...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01640.x
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder. The histopathology of Parkinson's disease comprises proteinaceous inclusions known as Lewy bodies, which contains aggregated α-synuclein. Cathepsin D (CD) is a lysosomal protease previously demonstrated to cleave α-synuclein and decrease its toxicity in bot...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.12497
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Slices of rabbit caudate and hypothalamus take up and accumulate [3H]imipramine. In superfused slices of both structures electrical stimulation or exposure to tyramine failed to release recently taken up [3H]imipramine. Depolarization by exposure to 30--60 mM-potassium caused only a small release of [3H]imipramine tha...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb08630.x
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::GTP binding regulatory protein (G protein)-coupled receptors can activate MAPK pathways via G protein-dependent and -independent mechanisms. However, the physiological outcomes correlated with the cellular signaling events are not as well characterized. In this study, we examine the involvement of G protein and beta-a...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05745.x
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamine is a primary precursor for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid. It is proposed that glutamine, synthesized and released by astrocytes, is transported into the neuron for subsequent conversion to neurotransmitters. To provide a more complete characterization of this...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68030954.x
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cause of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been completely clarified, but has been variously attributed to increases in cytosolic calcium and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The beta-amyloid fragment (Abeta) of the amyloid precursor protein induces calcium influx, ROS...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00384.x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are activated in humans following infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and brain inflammation is thought to be involved in neuronal injury and dysfunction during HIV infection. Numerous studies indicate a role for the HIV regulatory protein Tat in HIV-related inflammatory and neurodegenerative ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00511.x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) gene has been studied in normal and jimpymsd mice. Potential upstream regulatory regions of the normal gene have been cloned and mapped, but when these regions were studied in jimpymsd mice by Southern blots, no alterations were observed, relative to the normal gene. To asses...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02576.x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on stem cells has developed as one of the most promising areas of neurobiology. In the beginning of the 1990s, neurogenesis in the adult brain was indisputably accepted, eliciting great research efforts. Neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain are located in the 'neurogenic' areas of the subventricular...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jnc.12084
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggregate-prone mutant proteins, such as α-synuclein and huntingtin, play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders; thus, it has been hypothesized that reducing the aggregate-prone proteins may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for these neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we ident...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.12672
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The roles of two subtypes of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor in corticostriatal synaptic plasticity under cocaine withdrawal condition were examined in this study. Neither the resting membrane potential and input resistance of striatal neurons nor the long-term potentiation (LTP) of corticostriatal slic...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06981.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress has been implicated in mechanisms leading to neuronal cell injury in various pathological states of the brain. Here, we investigated the effect of peroxide exposure on the expression of genes coding for cytoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins. Primary neuronal cell cultures were exp...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00206.x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in a non-coding region of C9orf72 as a major cause of both frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drastically changed the field of research on both of these conditions. Yet, despite the vast amount of work aimed at elucidating the m...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jnc.13623
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure and function of mitochondrial respiratory-chain enzyme proteins were studied postmortem in the substantia nigra of nine patients with Parkinson's disease and nine matched controls. Total protein and mitochondrial mass were similar in the two groups. NADH-ubiquinone reductase (Complex I) and NADH cytochro...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02325.x
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microfluorimetric measurements of intracellular calcium ion concentration [Ca(2+)](i) were employed to examine the effects of chronic hypoxia (2.5% O(2), 24 h) on Ca(2+) stores and capacitative Ca(2+) entry in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Activation of muscarinic receptors evoked rises in [Ca(2+)](i) which wer...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00620.x
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate increases in intracellular calcium that can be modulated by protein kinase C (PKC). As PKC modulation of NMDA receptors in neurons is complex, we studied the effects of PKC activation on recombinant NMDA receptor-mediated calcium rises in a nonneuronal mammalian cell line,...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71041471.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00