Abstract：
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:There is an abundance of evidence that the human microbiome plays an important and nuanced role in controlling human metabolism, immunity, and cancer. Herein we aim to review the most current research looking at prostate cancer and its link with the gut and genitourinary microbiome. There is now a host of evidence for a unique genitourinary (GU) microbiome. The prostate microbiota, to include viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic contributions, as assessed from formalin-fixed tissue is described nicely in the study by Banerjee et al. Further hierarchical analysis by this group found a unique microbiome signature for higher Gleason score cancers and validation PCR studies noted a marked number of viral genomic insertions into host DNA. Shretha et al. also recently established unique GU microbiomes in patients with prostate cancer or benign prostate pathology based on urine samples. The gut microbiome likely also has an indirect but significant role in prostate cancer development and treatment. Liss et al. and Golombos et al. found significant associations between specific gut microbiota and prostate cancer. Interestingly, the balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory bacterial lipopolysaccharides, production of bile salts, and metabolism of dietary fiber to short chain fatty acids all likely play important roles in creating systemic pro- or anti-carcinogenic states. In terms of prostate cancer treatment effects, Sfanos et al. noted a unique microbial signature in patients undergoing oral androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as compared with prostate cancer patients not on ADT. Patients undergoing ADT also had enrichment of bacterial metabolic pathways promoting androgen synthesis. Together, these studies have identified a unique GU microbiome and linked both the GU microbiome and unique gut microbial signatures with prostate cancer and prostate cancer treatments. Whether this information can be used in cancer prevention, treatment, or diagnosis are areas of ongoing and active research.
journal_name
Curr Urol Repjournal_title
Current urology reportsauthors
Wheeler KM,Liss MAdoi
10.1007/s11934-019-0922-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-07 00:00:00pages
66issue
10eissn
1527-2737issn
1534-6285pii
10.1007/s11934-019-0922-4journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Since 2003, Karolinska University Hospitals have performed totally intracorporeal robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) in carefully selected patients. As our technique has evolved, the proportion of patients undergoing RARC has progressively increased. Whilst open radical cystectomy remains the gold standard, se...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11934-014-0457-7
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increased detection of incidental renal masses has introduced new challenges into the management of patients with newly discovered renal masses. Much interest has been focused on the diagnostic accuracy and the prognostic ability of imaging studies. These studies have elucidated trends that can guide management bu...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11934-009-0004-0
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital abnormalities, cancer, trauma, infection, inflammation, iatrogenic injuries, and other conditions may lead to genitourinary organ damage or loss, requiring eventual reconstruction. Tissue engineering follows the principles of cell transplantation, materials science, and engineering toward the development of...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-001-0030-z
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the advent of intracytoplasmic injection, the management of azoospermia has become ever more important. Gametic manipulation to produce biological offspring is not feasible unless sperm from the azoospermic male patient is obtainable. This article provides an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of azoospermia...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-001-0038-4
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impotence is often accompanied by loss of phallic length. To enhance penile prosthesis surgery, it is possible to perform simple adjuvant procedures that will increase perceived or true length. This article presents an overview of these techniques, which may be categorized as involving removal or fixation of tissue ab...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11934-009-0075-y
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this review is to discuss the main goals of pelvic organ prolapse repair. Pelvic organ prolapse symptoms are variable, and prolapse degree does not necessarily correlate with perceived symptoms or other associated conditions including urinary, defecatory, and sexual dysfunction. Treatment for pelvic o...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-013-0385-y
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peyronie's disease (PD) is the occurrence of a fibrous inelastic scar of the tunica albuginea of the penis. It is a relatively common disorder among men, with a reported prevalence of 3% to 8%. It is often associated with penile pain, anatomical deformities in the erect state, and difficulty with intromission. Because...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-011-0212-2
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging, noninvasive, local treatment of prostate cancer with 15 years of clinical experience, during which about 30,000 HIFU treatments have been performed worldwide. In this paper, we review relevant publications regarding the means by which new and old prostate cancer...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-011-0184-2
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article explores the anatomy, management options, and outcomes of pelvic organ prolapse with a female cystectomy patient. RECENT FINDINGS:There is a lack of data on surgical management outcomes for prolapse following radical cystectomy. However, most case series from tertiary referral centers sh...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-019-0941-1
更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical techniques to repair hypospadias have undergone remarkable advances in recent years with the development and widespread use of dorsal urethral plate incision to facilitate urethroplasty. Clinical studies of the technique have shown excellent cosmesis and low complication rates for dorsal plate incision (DPI) ...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-001-0008-x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overactive bladder (OAB) affects millions of people in the United States, and as the population ages, the prevalence of OAB will invariably increase. Conventional therapy for OAB includes behavioral modification and anticholinergic medication. OAB treatment comes with significant economic impact. With anticholinergic ...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11934-009-0054-3
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial variability in the extent of the node dissection performed during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Here, we review the diagnostic assessment of lymph node metastasis and the prognostic and therapeutic benefit for pelvic node dissection for bladder cancer. A review of the applicable urologic ...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-012-0235-3
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant clinical and basic science advances in the field of sexual medicine have facilitated investigation of the link between endothelial dysfunction and erectile dysfunction. Most sexual medicine practitioners accept the premise that in aging men with risk factors such as increased waist circumference, diabetes,...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-007-0054-0
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical treatment of long urethral stricture disease remains one of the most challenging problems in urology. In recent years there has been continuous discussion with regard to the etiology, location, length, and management of extensive urethral stricture disease. Various tissues such as genital and extragenital ski...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-014-0424-3
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Robot-assisted surgery has become a widely used surgical approach in the management of urologic malignancies. With its initial experience in the treatment of prostate cancer, the technology rapidly expanded to other urologic malignancies including bladder cancer. Since its introduction in 2003, robot-assisted radical ...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-016-0598-y
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of a lymphocele after pelvic surgery is a well-documented complication, especially where pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is part of the operation. However, not all lymphoceles are symptomatic and require treatment. Most lymphoceles spontaneously resolve, and even lymphoceles that become symptomatic...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-014-0445-y
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy can be efficaciously performed by either the transperitoneal or the retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach. The primary indication for selecting one approach over another has historically depended on the individual surgeon's experience and training. With either technique, laparoscopy ad...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-002-0030-7
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Therapeutic options for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) have considerably increased in recent years. However, the ideal timing to initiate medical treatment of LUTS/BPE has not been fully established. The aim of this review was to s...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-018-0823-y
更新日期：2018-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Urgency and urinary urge incontinence are troublesome and complex symptoms that can complicate the diagnosis and treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Despite this fact, first-line intervention frequently is directed toward the incompetent bladder neck using surgical approaches. Persistent urgency or detrusor inst...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-004-0065-z
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inability of urologists to consistently and effectively treat men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), also known as chronic abacterial prostatitis, is a source of great frustration. Botulinum toxin (BTX), a potent neurotoxin, can act on most of the peripheral nerves of the pelvis through a variety of mechani...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-010-0118-4
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cholinergic system of the bladder includes muscarinic receptors distributed to detrusor myocytes and structures within mucosa including bladder afferent (sensory) nerves. The receptors have been shown to be involved in afferent signaling from the bladder, but it has not been established to what extent effects on t...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-008-0079-z
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Urethral reconstruction has evolved in the last several decades with the introduction of various techniques including fasciocutaneous skin flaps and buccal mucosal grafts. However, distal urethral strictures have continued to be a reconstructive challenge due to tendency for adverse cosmetic outcomes,...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-018-0792-1
更新日期：2018-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There are an estimated 33 million men and women with overactive bladder (OAB) in the USA. Despite the prevalence of OAB, it remains a frequently misdiagnosed condition. OAB has shared symptomatology with other common urologic conditions, namely recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Here, we will ...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-018-0839-3
更新日期：2018-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Health information technology (HIT) is expected to transform the delivery of health care in the United States, but implementation and adoption vary widely across settings, specialties, and geographies. Significant barriers to high-level adoption persist despite federal incentives to hospitals and health-care providers...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-013-0356-3
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia are frequently associated with changes in sexual function. While these medications are generally well-tolerated and have both reduced and delayed more invasive surgical options, the ramifications of long-term chronic use are largel...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-014-0441-2
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite accumulating evidence that inflammation may affect the development of prostate cancer, responsible causes of intraprostatic inflammation remain elusive. This review presents epidemiologic literature on infections, particularly sexually transmitted and other ascending urogenital infections, as possible causes o...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-008-0042-z
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging can be associated with an abnormal decline in testosterone production, mainly due to pituitary failure, and is reflected by low serum testosterone concentrations. Manifestations of testosterone deficiency can be subtle, can be misinterpreted as consequences of normal aging, and include lack of libido and energy,...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-000-0013-5
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adrenal cortical carcinoma is a relatively uncommon malignancy that represents a significant clinical challenge for the development of optimal treatment strategies. Historically, successful treatment has relied upon rapid identification of the lesion, accurate staging with diagnostic imaging, and complete surgical ext...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-007-0024-6
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in aging men. Over the age of 60, more than a half of men have BPH and/or bothersome LUTS. Contemporary guidelines advocate surgery as the standard of care for symptomatic BPH after failure of medical therapy, wh...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-016-0601-7
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancers of the prostate contribute substantial morbidity and mortality to the male population. The correlation of prostate cancer incidence with aging suggests that the disease burden associated with prostate carcinoma will increase dramatically over the next several decades. Despite the large number of fatalities dir...
journal_title：Current urology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11934-006-0039-4
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
