Lung Molecular Cytopathology: EGFR and Beyond.

Abstract:

:Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Unfortunately, most patients of LC present at the advanced stage of the disease with a poor prognosis and 1-year survival of less than 20%. At the advanced stage of the disease, surgical resection cannot be possible, hence small biopsy or cytology specimens remain a choice for their correct diagnosis. The recognition of molecular drivers has revolutionized the treatment paradigm of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations were identified, first, to be targeted in NSCLC followed by activating fusions in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and rearrangements in c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) genes. In addition, the encouraging progress of immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC has been associated with predictive biomarker testing in the form of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry assay. To test for these alterations, accurate biomarker testing is needed from biopsy or cytology specimens. In this brief review, testing of biomarkers is discussed using cytology specimens.

journal_name

J Cytol

journal_title

Journal of cytology

authors

Jain D

doi

10.4103/JOC.JOC_135_18

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-01 00:00:00

pages

124-127

issue

2

eissn

0970-9371

issn

0974-5165

pii

JCytol-36-124

journal_volume

36

pub_type

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