Abstract:
:For successful infection, bacteriophages must overcome multiple barriers to transport their genome and proteins across the bacterial cell envelope. We use cryo-electron tomography to study the infection initiation of phage P22 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, revealing how a channel forms to allow genome translocation into the cytoplasm. Our results show free phages that initially attach obliquely to the cell through interactions between the O antigen and two of the six tailspikes; the tail needle also abuts the cell surface. The virion then orients perpendicularly and the needle penetrates the outer membrane. The needle is released and the internal head protein gp7* is ejected and assembles into an extracellular channel that extends from the gp10 baseplate to the cell surface. A second protein, gp20, is ejected and assembles into a structure that extends the extracellular channel across the outer membrane into the periplasm. Insertion of the third ejected protein, gp16, into the cytoplasmic membrane probably completes the overall trans-envelope channel into the cytoplasm. Construction of a trans-envelope channel is an essential step during infection of Gram-negative bacteria by all short-tailed phages, because such virions cannot directly deliver their genome into the cell cytoplasm.
journal_name
Nat Microbioljournal_title
Nature microbiologyauthors
Wang C,Tu J,Liu J,Molineux IJdoi
10.1038/s41564-019-0403-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
1049-1056issue
6issn
2058-5276pii
10.1038/s41564-019-0403-zjournal_volume
4pub_type
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