Abstract:
:The anti-diabetic drug and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) agonist, rosiglitazone, alters astrocyte activation; however, its mechanism remains less-known. We hypothesized participation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), known to control astrocyte reactivity. We first detected that rosiglitazone promoted glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in primary astrocytes as well as the mouse cerebral cortex, associated with increased EGFR activation. Screening for EGFR ligands revealed a rosiglitazone-mediated increase of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) in astrocytes, resulting in HB-EGF release into culture medium and mouse cerebrospinal fluid too. Treatment with HB-EGF-siRNA and EGFR inhibitors showed that the rosiglitazone-induced HB-EGF and p-EFGR were interdependent, which participated in GFAP increase. Interestingly, we observed that rosiglitazone could induce cellular and secreted-HB-EGF in neurons also, contributing toward the activated EGFR-induced GFAP in astrocytes. Probing whether these effects of rosiglitazone were PPARγ-linked, revealed potential PPARγ-responsive elements within HB-EGF gene. Moreover, gel-shift, site-directed mutagenesis, chromatin-immunoprecipitation and luciferase-reporter assays demonstrated a PPARγ-dependent HB-EGF transactivation. Subsequently, we examined effects of rosiglitazone in a high-fat diet-fed diabetes mouse model, and supporting observations in the normal cortical cells, identified a rosiglitazone-induced GFAP, astrocyte and neuronal HB-EGF and secreted-HB-EGF in the cerebral cortex of diabetic mice. Moreover, assessing relevance of increased HB-EGF and GFAP revealed an anti-apoptotic role of rosiglitazone in the cerebral cortex, supported by a GFAP-siRNA as well as HB-EGF-siRNA-mediated increase in cleaved-caspase 3 and 9 levels in the rosiglitazone-treated astrocyte-neuron coculture. Overall, our study indicates that rosiglitazone may protect the brain, via a PPARγ-dependent HB-EGF/EGFR signaling and increased GFAP.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Kushwaha R,Mishra J,Gupta AP,Gupta K,Vishwakarma J,Chattopadhyay N,Gayen JR,Kamthan M,Bandyopadhyay Sdoi
10.1111/jnc.14610subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
679-698issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
149pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The P2X7 receptor/channel responds to extracellular ATP and is associated with neuronal death and neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Whether activation of P2X7 directly causes motor neuron death is unknown. We found that cultured motor neurons isolated from embryonic rat spinal ...
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