Abstract：
AIMS:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is rare compared to the worldwide frequent acute or chronic liver diseases. Therefore, patients included in series of suspected DILI are at high risk of not having DILI, whereby alternative causes may confound the DILI diagnosis. The aim of this review is to evaluate published case series of DILI for alternative causes. METHODS:Relevant studies were identified using a computerized search of the Medline database for publications from 1993 through 30 October 2017. We used the following terms: drug hepatotoxicity, drug induced liver injury, hepatotoxic drugs combined with diagnosis, causality assessment and alternative causes. RESULTS:Alternative causes as variables confounding the DILI diagnosis emerged in 22 published DILI case series, ranging from 4 to 47%. Among 13 335 cases of suspected DILI, alternative causes were found to be more likely in 4555 patients (34.2%), suggesting that the suspected DILI was probably not DILI. Biliary diseases such as biliary obstruction, cholangitis, choledocholithiasis, primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis were among the most missed diagnoses. Alternative causes included hepatitis B, C and E, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, ischemic hepatitis, cardiac hepatopathy, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease. CONCLUSIONS:In more than one-third of published global DILI case series, alternative causes as published in these reports confounded the DILI diagnosis. In the future, published DILI case series should include only patients with secured DILI diagnosis, preferentially established by prospective use of scored items provided by robust diagnostic algorithms such as the updated Roussel Uclaf causality assessment method.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Teschke R,Danan Gdoi
10.1111/bcp.13593subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-01 00:00:00pages
1467-1477issue
7eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The in vitro immunosuppressive effect of deflazacort, a new bone-sparing glucocorticoid, and its biologically active metabolite, 21-deacetyl-deflazacort, was examined on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) as well as on natural killer (NK) and killer (K) cell activity. Deflaza...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05165.x
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Inherited polymorphisms of codons 16, 27, and 164 of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR) gene may result in significantly changed functions of this receptor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequencies of the main mutations of the B2AR gene in Turks. METHODS:A group of 104 unrelated Turkish s...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00082.x
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Since patients who regularly take NSAIDS may use sucralfate because of its cytoprotective properties, we examined the influence of this compound on the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac. METHODS:Potassium diclofenac (105 mg) was administered orally to eighteen healthy male volunteers with or without a 5-day pre-trea...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1997.tb00040.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Labetalol, a new drug combining alpha-and beta-adrenoceptor blocking properties, has been compared with placebo in a double-blind crossover study of a group of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (blood pressure 150/100 to 189/114 mmHg). 2. Labetalol and propranolol lowered blood pressure satisfac...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00898.x
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and bone quality that predispose an individual to an increased risk of fragility fractures. Evidence demonstrating a positive link between certain dietary patterns (e.g. Mediterranean diet or high consumption of fruits and vegetables) and bone...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.12033
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:We investigated whether the deterioration in asthma control reported following cessation of theophylline was due to tolerance to theophylline. METHODS:Eighteen subjects with mild stable asthma were given oral theophylline 10 mg kg(-1) day(-1) or placebo for 2 weeks in a double-blind crossover study. FEV1 and PD20...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.t01-1-00691.x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 A new osmotic pressure mediated delivery system for metoprolol (Lopresor Oros) has been evaluated by measuring the haemodynamic effects and pharmacokinetics after single and multiple oral dosing in young healthy volunteers. 2 Similar studies have been carried out in the same group using equivalent single and multipl...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01391.x
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to investigate accurately the biochemical effects of renin inhibition in man, we have developed a sensitive assay to measure angiotensin I (1-10) decapeptide. 2. Angiotensins were extracted from plasma by adsorption to phenylsilylsilica, and angiotensin I (Ang I) was quantified by radioimmunoassay. The det...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04032.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To investigate the effect of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dabigatran etexilate (DE). METHOD:In this two part multiple crossover trial in 40 healthy subjects, DE 150 mg was given alone or with verapamil at different doses, duration of treatment (single vs. m...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04453.x
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir in combination with ritonavir, in which the interaction between both drugs was characterized, and in which relationships between patient characteristics and pharmacokinetics were identified. METHODS:The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with r...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02455.x
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied in a sleep laboratory the effects of bedtime 15 mg midazolam and 20 mg midazolam on the sleep and morning performance of healthy subjects with polygraphically verified sleep onset insomnia. Six subjects received 15 mg midazolam and six subjects received 20 mg midazolam for 14 consecutive nights which were p...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02279.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of two single oral doses of ibopamine (150 and 600 mg) on heart rate, blood pressure, urine flow, sodium, potassium and creatinine excretion were studied in normal volunteers. No significant change was observed in urine flow, sodium, potassium or creatinine excretion at either dose. No significant change w...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02402.x
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To compare the effects of two long-acting calcium antagonists of different types on cardiovascular stress responses in hypertension. METHODS:One-hundred and forty-five patients with mild to moderate hypertension and a mean (+/- s.e.mean) age of 51 +/- 0.9 years received for 8 weeks the phenylalkylamine verapamil ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01507.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A free lignocaine index was developed on the basis of measurements of plasma lignocaine and its principle binding protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in 80 samples from 16 patients admitted to the coronary care unit and given prophylactic lignocaine therapy. The free drug fraction, fu, of lignocaine was determine...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb05132.x
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate the pharmacokinetics of enterally administered cisapride suspension in young infants being treated for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. METHODS:Plasma cisapride concentrations in 49 subjects (weight: 825-5010 g; n=108 samples, median two per patient; concentration: 14.8-170 ng ml-1 ) were fitted ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00068.x
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The relationship between serum theophylline concentration and daily dose was studied in 45 patients receiving aminophylline orally and in 36 patients receiving it by constant intravenous infusion. 2 Patients were categorized as uncomplicated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or COPD with cor pulmonale (...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00893.x
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six patients received 10 mg of midazolam intravenously during the anhepatic period of liver transplantation. Arterial blood was sampled during this time and for a similar period following revascularisation. The plasma was analysed using gas chromatography and electron capture detection (GC-ECD) for midazolam alpha-hyd...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03429.x
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a key regulator of cell growth, division and survival. Many haematologic malignancies exhibit elevated or aberrant mTOR activation, supporting the launch of numerous clinical trials aimed at evaluating the potential of single agent m...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.12888
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of the present study was to determine how the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam are affected by kidney dysfunction and consequently to define the appropriate dose for the use of meloxicam in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment. METHODS:Meloxicam was administered to subjects with mild (creatinine c...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1997.tb00030.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical pharmacologists in universities play major roles in research and teaching and provide important contributions to National Health Service (NHS) activities, such as work for research ethics, drug and therapeutics, and clinical governance committees. Their research extends from preclinical studies using drugs to...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04228.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Sulfonylureas are recommended as second-line treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes. However, they are still commonly used also as first-line treatment instead of metformin. Given the controversial cardiovascular safety of sulfonylureas, we aimed to determine if their use as first-line treatment is associa...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14056
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations and propranolol binding were investigated in the serum of elderly hospitalized patients with acute illness, and healthy elderly and young subjects. Significantly greater AAG concentrations and reduced unbound propranolol fraction were observed in the elderly with acute di...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02548.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the highly selective oral p38alpha/beta mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor Org 48,775-0 in a first-in-human study. METHODS:In the single ascending dosing (SAD) study, an oral dose of Org 48,775-0 (0.3-600 mg) was evalua...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14655
更新日期：2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT, 50-75 mg) was administered orally to seven patients with cardiac failure. 2. Plasma levels and urinary concentration of HCT were determined by GLC. 3. The gastrointestinal uptake of the diuretic in three patients was reduced to approximately half that seen in healthy controls. 4. Plasma ha...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb04646.x
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To assess the antihistaminic activity of levocetirizine and fexofenadine 2 h and 24 h after drug administration using facial thermography and to compare the results with those using well-established parameters of antihistaminic activity in the nose and skin. METHODS:This was a randomized, double-blind, three-trea...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02647.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a method of monitoring plasma concentrations of antiepileptic drugs which uses salivary samples, and is suitable for home monitoring in children. To validate the method, paired plasma and saliva samples from 39 children aged between 2 and 15 years were assayed for carbamazepine and its active metabol...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05700.x
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The three dimensional requirements for inhibition of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) were investigated in order to facilitate design of a more potent and selective antihypertensive agent. 2. All compounds designed possessed a bicyclic unit incorporating carboxylate and amidic carbonyl groups together with a thi...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03474.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Spectral analyses of blood pressure and heart rate oscillations are increasingly used to assess the influences of diseases and drugs on the autonomic nervous system. Such influences can only be interpreted in view of the spontaneous variability of these oscillations. We therefore studied the reproducibility of powe...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04333.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Quadruple chemotherapy with cytotoxic drugs in advanced (Stage IIIB) Hodgkin's disease causes a fall in the blood lymphocyte count with recovery 1 month after stopping treatment. 2 No selective effect on the T or B lymphocyte populations was shown. ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00765.x
更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. To assess the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with the regular use of three classes of non-narcotic analgesics, we performed a case-control study of 340 patients with ESRD on a haemodialysis maintenance program and 673 hospital controls. 2. The overall odds ratio estimate for non-narcotic analgesi...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03841.x
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
