Abstract：
:Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and bone quality that predispose an individual to an increased risk of fragility fractures. Evidence demonstrating a positive link between certain dietary patterns (e.g. Mediterranean diet or high consumption of fruits and vegetables) and bone health highlights an opportunity to investigate their potential to protect against the deterioration of bone tissue during ageing. While the list of these phytonutrients is extensive, this review summarizes evidence on some which are commonly consumed and have gained increasing attention over recent years, including lycopene and various polyphenols (e.g. polyphenols from tea, grape seed, citrus fruit, olive and dried plum). Evidence to define a clear link between these phytonutrients and bone health is currently insufficient to generate precise dietary recommendations, owing to mixed findings or a scarcity in clinical data. Moreover, their consumption typically occurs within the context of a diet consisting of a mix of phytonutrients and other nutrients rather than in isolation. Future clinical trials that can apply a robust set of outcome measurements, including the determinants of bone strength, such as bone quantity (i.e. bone mineral density) and bone quality (i.e. bone turnover and bone microarchitecture), will help to provide a more comprehensive outlook on how bone responds to these various phytonutrients. Moreover, future trials that combine these phytonutrients with established bone nutrients (i.e. calcium and vitamin D) are needed to determine whether combined strategies can produce more robust effects on skeletal health.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Sacco SM,Horcajada MN,Offord Edoi
10.1111/bcp.12033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
697-707issue
3eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Concentrations of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) were measured by h.p.l.c. in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 16 patients with cancer receiving oral (controlled-release) morphine. There was a close correlation between plasma and CSF morphine concentrations (r ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04352.x
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Breakthrough bleeding or even unwanted pregnancies have been reported in women during concomitant therapy with oral contraceptives and St John's wort extract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of St John's wort extract on oral contraceptive therapy with respect to ovarian activity, breakt...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.02005.x
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To compare the disposition of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine enantiomers in the mother, foetus and infant. METHODS:Blood from pregnant women taking fluoxetine (n = 9), during pregnancy was sampled in the third trimester and at delivery (maternal and cord venous blood), and from the infants 48 h after delivery. The ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02538.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described for the simultaneous determination of amodiaquine (AQ) and desethylamodiaquine (AQm) in plasma, urine, whole blood and packed red cells. After oral administration of AQ (600 mg) to seven healthy subjects, absorption of AQ was rapid, reaching peak concentrations in plasma, whole blood, and packed ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03002.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of morphine was studied in seven fullterm neonates and five infants receiving a continuous infusion of morphine. All the patients had detectable plasma concentrations of morphine 3-glucuronide (M3G) and 10 had detectable concentrations of morphine 6-glucuronide (M6G). The mean plasma clearance of morphi...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05652.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The rate of methaqualone metabolism in women was shown to be significantly increased at the time of ovulation. 2 The apparent first order rate constants for the formation of five C-monohydroxy metabolites of methaqualone on day 15 of the menstrual cycle were approximately double that on day 1. 3 The N-oxidation of m...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01988.x
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten patients with mild to moderate hypertension were treated for 9 weeks with a tablet formulation of pinacidil. Mean supine blood pressure fell from 174/100 to 148/84 mm Hg and mean supine pulse increased by 3 beats/min. Daily dosage was 40-100 mg, given in two or three divided doses. Plasma urea increased significan...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02456.x
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:Human pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) is a key regulator of cytochrome P450 3A4. To date, there are 198 reported SNPs for the human PXR/NR1I2 gene. Some of these SNPs are found to affect the inducing ability of PXR to CYP3A4. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study, for the first time,...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03344.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Rifampicin profoundly reduces lopinavir concentrations. Doubled doses of lopinavir/ritonavir compensate for the effect of rifampicin in adults, but fail to provide adequate lopinavir concentrations in young children on rifampicin-based antituberculosis therapy. The objective of this study was to develop a populati...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12101
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The in vitro metabolism of omeprazole was studied in human liver microsomes in order to define the secondary metabolic pathways and identify the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms responsible for the formation of the secondary metabolites of omeprazole. 2. The major secondary omeprazole metabolite was the hydroxysulpho...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04310.x
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The safety of trial subjects is the tenet that guides the regulatory assessment of a Clinical Trial Authorization application and applies equally to trials involving small molecules and those with biological/biotechnological products, including Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. The objective of a regulator is to en...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.12057
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 beta-adrenoceptor blockade with metoprolol provoked, both at rest and during exercise, a decrease of 'active' renin and angiotensin II together with an increase of 'inactive' renin and unchanged 'total' renin. The significant exercise-provoked increases in angiotensin II, plasma renin activity and 'active', 'inactiv...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00918.x
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To test the feasibility of a novel rivastigmine nasal spray as prospective treatment for dementia. METHODS:A single dose, crossover absolute bioavailability and safety study was conducted with rivastigmine intravenous solution (1 mg) and nasal spray (3.126 mg) in eight healthy elderly individuals, aged 58-75 year...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13133
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The oral kinetics of oxazepam after a single 15 mg oral dose was investigated in six healthy volunteers before and during concomitant administration of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol (80 mg) and labetalol (200 mg) (racemates). 2. A possible pharmacodynamic interaction between oxazepam and the beta-ad...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03599.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To assess whether hospitalization may assist in correcting errors in anticoagulant therapy among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS:Our cohort included patients admitted to our institution with a history of AF between 2016 and 2018. We categorized patient's treatment upon admission and discharge as l...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14116
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) alters the anatomical structure of the gastrointestinal tract, which can result in alterations in drug disposition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral disposition of two compounds belonging to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II - fenofibrate (bil...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13054
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To investigate the association between risk of lupus and exposure to selected drugs implicated in risk of lupus in a number of case reports. METHODS:In this matched nested case-control study we utilized primary care data from the UK General Practice Research Database recorded between 1987 and 2001. Cases with at l...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03733.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To review the literature on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children with respect to occurrence, seriousness, type, therapeutic group, age and gender of the child and category of reporter. METHODS:Medline and Embase databases were searched from origin and updated until February 2010. We included empirically based...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03682.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The relationship between the metabolism of the antiarrhythmic drug mexiletine and the debrisoquine/sparteine-type polymorphism was studied in vitro, using microsomes from six human livers, and in vivo, in nine healthy drug-free volunteers with wide variation in their ability to hydroxylate debrisoquine. 2. There wa...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb03931.x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The disposition of prazosin following oral and intravenous administration has been studied in seven young and seven elderly men, all of whom were in good health and living independently in the community. 2 The elimination half-life (min) of prazosin was 123 +/- 19.4 (s.d.) in the young and 194 +/- 36 in the elderly ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01234.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The clinical pharmacokinetics of the many benzodiazepines used to treat numerous and varied clinical conditions can be influenced by many factors. 2 Combinations of drugs efficacious in the central nervous system can change the onset, intensity and duration of effect as a result of pharmacological, physiological and...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01843.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A two compartment system, comprising two adjacent teflon chambers separated by a semi-permeable membrane, has been devised with which to investigate the generation of drug metabolites that are toxic to human cells in vitro. 2. Compartment A contained a drug-metabolising system (human liver microsomes +/- NADPH) and...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03793.x
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Thirty-six patients with various neurological diseases or symptoms received single intravenous doses of either cimetidine 400 mg (n = 19) or oxmetidine 200 mg (n = 17), 15 or 60 min before a diagnostic lumbar puncture. 2 In the 15 min CSF samples concentrations of cimetidine were detectable but not measurable in 5 a...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02042.x
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theophylline clearance was studied in normal healthy volunteers before and after chronic oral dosing. Oral theophylline clearance showed a significant decrease (P less than 0.001) from 59.3 +/- 6.48 ml/min (mean +/- s.e. mean, n = 10) to 48.0 +/- 6.4 ml/min. Steady-state intravenous clearance decreased by 26 +/- 2% fr...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02385.x
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have measured [3H]-ouabain binding to lymphocyte membranes in eight healthy volunteers before and after they had taken lithium carbonate for 14 days in doses which maintained the serum lithium concentration in the range 0.5-1.0 mmol 1-1. 2. There was a statistically significant increase in the [3H]-ouabain bindi...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05659.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish weight-based dose bands for commonly used oral medicines, given in liquid forms, for children in the UK that could be used for prescribing and administering accurate and safe drug doses. METHODS:A list of commonly prescribed, oral liquid medications was established from the medication dispensing...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14698
更新日期：2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To evaluate a context-learning pharmacotherapy programme for approximately 750 2nd, 3rd and 4th year preclinical medical students with respect to mastering cognitive pharmacotherapeutic skills, i.e. choosing a (drug) treatment and determining patient information. METHODS:The context-learning pharmacotherapy progra...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02742.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of solid and haematological malignancies and as an immunosuppressive agent. As a prodrug, it is dependent on bioactivation to the active phosphoramide mustard metabolite to elicit its therapeutic effect. This focused review will highlight the evidence for t...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.14031
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic cardiovascular effects during chronic treatment with topical minoxidil vs placebo were evaluated using a double-blind, randomized design for two parallel groups (n = 20 for minoxidil, n = 15 for placebo). During 6 months of follow-up, blood pressure did not change, whereas minoxidil increased heart rate by 3-...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03410.x
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:In man a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist has previously been shown to be ineffective in the prevention of motion-induced nausea. The antiemetic efficacy of NK1 receptor antagonists against chemotherapy-induced emesis is, however, enhanced when combined with a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Hence the efficacy of...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00221.x
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
