Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Vibrio anguillarum is an extracellular bacterial pathogen that is a causative agent of vibriosis in finfish and crustaceans with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 100%. Mutations in central metabolism (glycolysis and the TCA cycle) of intracellular pathogens often result in attenuated virulence due to depletion of required metabolic intermediates; however, it was not known whether mutations in central metabolism would affect virulence in an extracellular pathogen such as V. anguillarum. RESULTS:Seven central metabolism mutants were created and characterized with regard to growth in minimal and complex media, expression of virulence genes, and virulence in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Only the isocitrate dehydrogenase (icd) mutant was attenuated in virulence against rainbow trout challenged by either intraperitoneal injection or immersion. Further, the icd mutant was shown to be immunoprotective against wild type V. anguillarum infection. There was no significant decrease in the expression of the three hemolysin genes detected by qRT-PCR. Additionally, only the icd mutant exhibited a significantly decreased growth yield in complex media. Growth yield was directly related to the abundance of glutamate. A strain with a restored wild type icd gene was created and shown to restore growth to a wild type cell density in complex media and pathogenicity in rainbow trout. CONCLUSIONS:The data strongly suggest that a decreased growth yield, resulting from the inability to synthesize α-ketoglutarate, caused the attenuation despite normal levels of expression of virulence genes. Therefore, the ability of an extracellular pathogen to cause disease is dependent upon the availability of host-supplied nutrients for growth. Additionally, a live vaccine strain could be created from an icd deletion strain.
journal_name
BMC Microbioljournal_title
BMC microbiologyauthors
Mou X,Spinard EJ,Hillman SL,Nelson DRdoi
10.1186/s12866-017-1124-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-14 00:00:00pages
217issue
1issn
1471-2180pii
10.1186/s12866-017-1124-1journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BMC MICROBIOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:We and others have previously shown that alterations in the mammalian gut microbiome are associated with diet, notably early life exposure to a maternal high fat diet (HFD). Here, we aimed to further these studies by examining alterations in the gut microbiome of juvenile Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) t...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-018-1169-9
更新日期:2018-04-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The lung of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is particularly sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium plays an important role in the poor outcome of CF patients. During the disease progress, first acquisition of P. aeruginosa is the key-step in the management of CF patients. Quantitative PCR (qP...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-143
更新日期:2013-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway acts as an innate antiviral immune response in Aedes aegypti, modulating arbovirus infection of mosquitoes. Sindbis virus (SINV; family: Togaviridae, genus: Alphavirus) is an arbovirus that infects Ae. aegypti in the laboratory. SINV strain TR339 encounters a midgut escape...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-130
更新日期:2010-04-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epitope tagging is a powerful strategy to study the function of proteins. Although tools for C-terminal protein tagging in the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila have been developed, N-terminal protein tagging in this organism is still technically demanding. RESULTS:In this study, we have establishe...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-191
更新日期:2010-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota is characterised by an abundance of uncultured bacteria most often assigned in phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Diversity of this microbiota, even though approached with culture independent techniques in several studies, still requires more elucidation. The...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-68
更新日期:2009-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sigma factors are one of the components of RNA polymerase holoenzymes, and an essential factor of transcription initiation in bacteria. Corynebacterium glutamicum possesses seven genes coding for sigma factors, most of which have been studied to some detail; however, the role of SigD in transcriptional regul...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1067-6
更新日期:2017-07-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neisseria meningitidis serogroups W and Y are the most common serogroups causing invasive meningococcal disease in Sweden. The majority of cases are caused by the serogroup W UK 2013 strain of clonal complex (cc) 11, and subtype 1 of the serogroup Y, YI strain of cc23. In this study, virulence factors of sev...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01760-4
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The skin microbiome serves as a first line defense against pathogens in vertebrates. In amphibians, it has the potential to protect against the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatis (Bd), a likely agent of amphibian declines. Alteration of the microbiome associated with unfavorable environmental change...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01979-1
更新日期:2020-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Candida parapsilosis typically is a commensal of human skin. However, when host immune defense is compromised or the normal microflora balance is disrupted, C. parapsilosis transforms itself into an opportunistic pathogen. Candida-derived lipase has been identified as potential virulence factor. Even though ...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-11-122
更新日期:2011-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous phylogenetic analyses of species within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), based on ITS and 28S rDNA sequence data, revealed a co-evolutionary relationship between powdery mildew species and hosts of certain tribes of the plant family Asteraceae. Golovinomyces growing on host plants ...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01731-9
更新日期:2020-03-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several conventional methods, including fungal culture and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent staining, have been used to diagnose oral candidiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel method, fungal fluorescent staining, in relation to conventional protocols in the diagnosis of ora...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-019-1467-x
更新日期:2019-05-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aminoglycoside-resistance genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methyltransferases are main factors contributing to increasing resistance to aminoglycosides. Characterization and distribution of antimicrobial resistance gene profiles provide important information on the potential d...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-58
更新日期:2013-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitrosomonas europaea is a widely studied chemolithoautotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacterium. While significant work exists on the ammonia oxidation pathway of N. europaea, its responses to factors such as dissolved oxygen limitation or sufficiency or exposure to high nitrite concentrations, particularly at t...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-70
更新日期:2010-03-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although Aspergillus fumigatus is an important human fungal pathogen there are few expression systems available to study the contribution of specific genes to the growth and virulence of this opportunistic mould. Regulatable promoter systems based upon prokaryotic regulatory elements in the E. coli tetracycl...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-5-1
更新日期:2005-01-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase (alpha-IPMS) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step in the leucine biosynthetic pathway. The gene encoding alpha-IPMS in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leuA, is polymorphic due to the insertion of 57-bp repeat units referred to as Variable Number of Tandem Repea...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-122
更新日期:2009-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Investigation of the MRSA's virulence and resistance mechanisms is a continuing concern toward controlling such burdens through using high throughput whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and molecular diagnost...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-019-1470-2
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common human pathogen that is associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It has also been suggested that C. pneumoniae infection can trigger or promote a number of chronic inflammatory conditions, including asthma and atherosclerosis. Several strains of C. pneumon...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0569-3
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metabolically versatile soil bacteria Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) have emerged as opportunistic pathogens, especially of cystic fibrosis (CF). Previously, we initiated the characterization of the phenylacetic acid (PA) degradation pathway in B. cenocepacia, a member of the Bcc, and demonstrated the ne...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-222
更新日期:2009-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Macrolide antibiotics are commonly administered for bacterial respiratory illnesses. Azithromycin (Az) is especially noted for extremely high intracellular concentrations achieved within macrophages which is far greater than the serum concentration. Clinical strains of Type B Francisella (F.) tularensis have...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-123
更新日期:2010-04-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The genus Arsenophonus is a group of symbiotic, mainly insect-associated bacteria with rapidly increasing number of records. It is known from a broad spectrum of hosts and symbiotic relationships varying from parasitic son-killers to coevolving mutualists.The present study extends the currently known diversi...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-143
更新日期:2009-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Salmonella enterica is a facultative intracellular pathogen that replicates within a membrane-bound compartment termed Salmonella containing vacuole (SCV). The biogenesis of SCV requires Salmonella type III protein secretion/translocation system and their effector proteins which are translocated into host ce...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-10-228
更新日期:2010-08-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abundant populations of bacteria have been observed on Mir and the International Space Station. While some experiments have shown that bacteria cultured during spaceflight exhibit a range of potentially troublesome characteristics, including increases in growth, antibiotic resistance and virulence, other stu...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-13-241
更新日期:2013-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, is a novel member of the genus Streptococcus, falling close to related members like S. pneumoniae, S. mitis, and S. oralis. Its recent appearance has shed light on streptococcal infections, which has been unclear till recently. In this study, the transcriptome of S. pseudopneu...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-12-77
更新日期:2012-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Iron is an essential nutrient but can be toxic at high intracellular concentrations and organisms have evolved tightly regulated mechanisms for iron uptake and homeostasis. Information on iron management mechanisms is available for organisms living at circumneutral pH. However, very little is known about how...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-8-203
更新日期:2008-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whole-genome sequencing using high throughput technologies has revolutionized and speeded up the scientific investigation of bacterial genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) have been extensively used in fermentation and more recently as probiotics in food products that pr...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01980-8
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thiomonas strains are ubiquitous in arsenic-contaminated environments. Differences between Thiomonas strains in the way they have adapted and respond to arsenic have never been studied in detail. For this purpose, five Thiomonas strains, that are interesting in terms of arsenic metabolism were selected: T. a...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-127
更新日期:2009-06-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have previously shown that supernatant from Candida albicans (CA) culture contains a Secretory Interleukin (IL)-12 Inhibitory Factor (CA-SIIF), which inhibits IL-12 production by human monocytes. However, the effect of CA-SIIF on secretion of other cytokines by monocytes is unknown, and detailed character...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-8-31
更新日期:2008-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clostridium termitidis CT1112 is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, mesophilic, spore-forming, cellulolytic bacterium, originally isolated from the gut of a wood feeding termite Nasusitermes lujae. It has the ability to hydrolyze both cellulose and hemicellulose, and ferment the degradation products to acetate, fo...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0711-x
更新日期:2016-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over the last years oleaginous yeasts have been studied for several energetic, oleochemical, medical and pharmaceutical purposes. However, only a small number of yeasts are known and have been deeply exploited. The search for new isolates with high oleaginous capacity becomes imperative, as well as the use o...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01742-6
更新日期:2020-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Establishing an optimal proportion of nitrifying microbial populations, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), complete nitrite oxidizers (comammox) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), is important for ensuring the efficiency of nitrification in water treatment systems...
journal_title:BMC microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12866-017-0998-2
更新日期:2017-04-04 00:00:00