Abstract:
RATIONALE:Conversion from a negative to positive QuantiFERON-TB test is indicative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, which predisposes individuals to tuberculosis disease. Interpretation of serial tests is confounded by immunological and technical variability. OBJECTIVES:To improve the consistency of serial QuantiFERON-TB testing algorithms and provide a data-driven definition of conversion. METHODS:Sources of QuantiFERON-TB variability were assessed, and optimal procedures were identified. Distributions of IFN-γ response levels were analyzed in healthy adolescents, Mtb-unexposed control subjects, and patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Individuals with no known Mtb exposure had IFN-γ values less than 0.2 IU/ml. Among individuals with IFN-γ values less than 0.2 IU/ml, 0.2-0.34 IU/ml, 0.35-0.7 IU/ml, and greater than 0.7 IU/ml, tuberculin skin test positivity results were 15%, 53%, 66%, and 91% (P < 0.005), respectively. Together, these findings suggest that values less than 0.2 IU/ml were true negatives. In short-term serial testing, "uncertain" conversions, with at least one value within the uncertainty zone (0.2-0.7 IU/ml), were partly explained by technical assay variability. Individuals who had a change in QuantiFERON-TB IFN-γ values from less than 0.2 to greater than 0.7 IU/ml had 10-fold higher tuberculosis incidence rates than those who maintained values less than 0.2 IU/ml over 2 years (P = 0.0003). By contrast, "uncertain" converters were not at higher risk than nonconverters (P = 0.229). Eighty-seven percent of patients with active tuberculosis had IFN-γ values greater than 0.7 IU/ml, suggesting that these values are consistent with established Mtb infection. CONCLUSIONS:Implementation of optimized procedures and a more rigorous QuantiFERON-TB conversion definition (an increase from IFN-γ <0.2 to >0.7 IU/ml) would allow more definitive detection of recent Mtb infection and potentially improve identification of those more likely to develop disease.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Nemes E,Rozot V,Geldenhuys H,Bilek N,Mabwe S,Abrahams D,Makhethe L,Erasmus M,Keyser A,Toefy A,Cloete Y,Ratangee F,Blauenfeldt T,Ruhwald M,Walzl G,Smith B,Loxton AG,Hanekom WA,Andrews JR,Lempicki MD,Ellis R,Ginsbdoi
10.1164/rccm.201704-0817OCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
638-648issue
5eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
196pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Epidemiological studies in older individuals have found an association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition (ACE-I) therapy and preserved locomotor muscle mass, strength, and walking speed. ACE-I therapy might therefore have a role in the context of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201601-0094OC
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits. OBJECTIVES:To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function. METHODS:We evaluated the impa...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200912-1863OC
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Guidelines for vasopressor titration suggest a universal target-mean arterial pressure (MAP) >65 mm Hg. The implications for patients with premorbid low/high blood pressure are unknown.Objectives: To investigate the relationship between premorbid blood pressure and vasopressor duration for patients with sho...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201908-1681OC
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that the allergic late airway response (LR) is dependent on the leukotriene (LT) pathway in Brown Norway (BN) rats. In this same model, interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been shown to increase allergic airway responses without increasing LT production. This study examined the relationship between th...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.2109012
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with an increased exacerbation frequency, a more rapid decline in lung function, and increased mortality in patients with bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVES:To perform a randomized placebo-controlled study assessing the efficacy and safety of inhaled colist...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201312-2208OC
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Acute respiratory distress syndrome is refractory to pharmacological intervention. Inappropriate activation of alveolar neutrophils is believed to underpin this disease's complex pathophysiology, yet these cells have been little studied. OBJECTIVES:To examine the functional and transcriptional profiles of pa...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201509-1818OC
更新日期:2016-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological data indicate that living or working in a moldy building is associated with increased risk of respiratory symptoms and disease related to inflammatory reactions, but biochemical evidence linking cause and effect is still scarce. The staff working in a mold-contaminated school, and a reference group wit...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.6.9903023
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide. Asthma is caused by interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a hallmark of asthma and results from increased sensitivity of the airways to physical or chemi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200810-1621OC
更新日期:2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Airway inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 alpha (LFA-1 alpha) and has been shown to be required for leukocyte migration into inflamed area. The purpose of this report was to investigate th...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm/151.4.1244
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelium of the paranasal sinuses produces nitric oxide (NO), which probably plays a major role in the nonspecific defense of these cavities through its bacteriostatic and cilia motility stimulation properties. Abundant eosinophils of nasal polyps potentially generate superoxide anion (O2-*), but NO and O2-* ina...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.1.2002125
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of sensitization to inhaled allergens is determined by the interaction of multiple genetic and environmental influences. Occupational sensitization to low-molecular-weight chemicals allows a specific immunological response to an inhaled hapten to be studied in a well-defined population with characteriz...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.2.9807065
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Standard physiologic assessments of extubation readiness in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) may not reflect lung injury resolution and could adversely affect clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES:We hypothesized that elevations in inflammatory plasma biomarkers so...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.202005-1951OC
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::In this case-control family study of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), we describe the distributions of SDB and SDB risk factors in African-Americans and Caucasians. A total of 225 African-Americans and 622 Caucasians, ages 2 to 86 yr, recruited as members of families with an individual with known sleep apnea (85 inde...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001310
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Immediate graft performance after lung transplantation is associated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes. However, the biologic mechanism that determines outcomes is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the impact of cell death signals at 24 and 48 hours after lung transplantation on short...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201510-2115OC
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cells in the airways are considered to play a key role in orchestrating the inflammatory response of asthma through the elaboration of specific cytokines. Using flow cytometry we have investigated the T-cell response of sensitized asthmatic airways 6 h after local allergen provocation. Twelve subjects with atopic as...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564090
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary tuberculosis, one of the granulomatous diseases, has few serological markers for its activity. Recently, an increased serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected in patients with Crohn's disease, also a granulomatous disease. We hypothesized that VEGF might be associated with the pa...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.3.9911010
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of asthma. In the present study, the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation was examined in guinea pigs. In animals treated with control antibody, parainfluenza-3 virus s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.1.7812550
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the anti-asthmatic effects of powerful anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin-like drugs. We compared the effects of two aspirin-like drugs with different pharmacologic activities, sodium salicylate (SSA) and indomethacin, with the effect of lysine acetylsalicylate (LASA), inhaled 30 min before...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9709045
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphodiesterase (PDE)-5 degrades guanosine 3',5'cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and its inhibitor sildenafil citrate (Viagra) treats erectile dysfunction by smooth muscle relaxation through elevated cGMP. Sildenafil was examined in two guinea pig models of airways disease: guinea pigs exposed to LPS or sensitized guinea...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200211-1372OC
更新日期:2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The rate of progression of most interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is unpredictable. Fibrocytes are circulating bone marrow-derived cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), a genetic cause of ILD in early adulthood, allows for study of biomarkers of ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201407-1287OC
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disorder with a high rate of spontaneous remission indicating the presence of antiinflammatory mechanisms. Antiinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) should be able to induce spontaneous remission of sarcoidosis. By ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.3.8810610
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy is highly sensitive for pulmonary embolism (PE), but its clinical usefulness is limited by its nondiagnostic rate. Objective analysis of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) three-dimensional scintigraphy may improve its diagnostic performance compared with sub...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200608-1110OC
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitatively the mechanical, structural, and biochemical properties of airway smooth muscles resemble those of all other smooth muscle. However, one important distinguishing feature of airway smooth muscle is that the major portion of isotonic shortening is completed within the first 3 s in a muscle whose contraction...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.supplement_2.13tac300
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Studies in patients and experimental animals provide compelling evidence of the involvement of the major thrombin receptor, proteinase-activated receptor-1 (PAR(1)), and the potent chemokine, chemokine (CC motif) ligand-2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemotactic protein-1, in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibro...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200712-1827OC
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation increases transpulmonary pressure and Vt, and worsens lung injury. Intuitively, controlling Vt and transpulmonary pressure might limit injury caused by added spontaneous effort. OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that, during spontaneous effort in injured lu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201610-1972OC
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined endotoxin exposure and wheezing episodes during the first year of life in a birth cohort of 499 infants with one or both parents having a history of asthma or allergy. We measured endotoxin in settled dust from the baby's bed, bedroom floor, family room, and kitchen floor within the first 3 mo after birth....
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.2.2002088
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 21-yr-old man with multiple pulmonary AV fistulae presented with moderate hypoxemia with chronic hyperventilation, which continued even after sufficient oxygenation by 100% O2 inhalation. The infusion of aminophylline, an adenosine receptor blocker, not only increased PaCO2 from 35 to 39 mm Hg but also depressed the...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.6.7952640
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to examine risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in the surgical and medical/respiratory intensive care unit (ICU) populations. In a public teaching hospital, all cases of nosocomial pneumonia in the surgical and medical/respiratory ICUs (n = 20, respectively) were identified by prospectiv...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.1.8542110
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Incident pulmonary arterial hypertension was underrepresented in most pulmonary hypertension registries and may have a different disease profile to prevalent disease. OBJECTIVES:To determine the characteristics and outcome of a purely incident, treatment-naive cohort of idiopathic, heritable, and anorexigen-...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201203-0383OC
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the efficacy of a clarithromycin-containing four-drug regimen for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease in 46 patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patients were 14 males and 32 females with a mean age of 60.9 +/- 11.5 yr. Patients received 10 mg/kg/d of cla...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9811086
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00