Abstract:
:Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic pain condition occurring after damage in the nervous system and is refractory to the currently available treatments. Major challenges include elucidating its mechanisms and developing new medications to treat it. Nerve injury-induced pain hypersensitivity involves aberrant excitability in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) neurons as a consequence of dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons and of hyperactivity of glial cells, especially microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system. Evidence of this is found using animal models to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuropathic pain. The pathologically altered somatosensory signals in the SDH then convey to the brain regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In these regions, nerve injury produces pre- and postsynaptic long-term plasticity, which contributes to negative emotions and anxiety associated with chronic pain conditions. Furthermore, recent evidence also indicates that the descending projection pathways from the ACC directly and indirectly to the SDH (the top-down corticospinal network) regulate nociceptive sensory transmission in the SDH. Thus, understanding a possible connection between the SDH and ACC, including a neuron-microglia interaction, may provide us with insights into the mechanisms used to amplify pain signals related to neuropathic pain and clues to aid the development of new therapeutic agents for the management of chronic pain. This article is part of the special article series "Pain".
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Tsuda M,Koga K,Chen T,Zhuo Mdoi
10.1111/jnc.14001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
486-498issue
4eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
141pub_type
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abstract::Activation of microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, around the amyloid plaques is a key hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent evidence in mouse models indicates that microglia are required for the neurodegenerative process of AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, the core components of the amyloid plaques, c...
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05686.x
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
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