Abstract：
:Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been first described 30 years ago, and since then has gained enormous attention by neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, clinical neurophysiologists, psychologists, and neuroscientist alike. In the early days, it was primarily used to test integrity of the corticospinal tract. Beyond further developments of TMS in diagnostics, mapping and monitoring of the motor system, major other applications expanded into using TMS as research tool in the cognitive neurosciences, and as therapeutic tool in neurological and psychiatric disease by virtue of inducing long-term change in excitability and connectivity of the stimulated brain networks. This mini-review will highlight these developments by reviewing the 10 most frequently cited TMS publications. Despite the tremendous popularity and success of TMS as a non-invasive technique to stimulate the human brain, several aims remain unresolved. This review will end with highlighting those 10 most frequently cited papers that have been published in 2014-2016 to indicate the currently hottest topics in TMS research and major avenues of development.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Ziemann Udoi
10.1007/s00221-016-4865-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-01 00:00:00pages
973-984issue
4eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106pii
10.1007/s00221-016-4865-4journal_volume
235pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章,评审abstract：:This study examined perception-action learning in younger adults in their 20s compared to older adults in their 70s and 80s. The goal was to provide, for the first time, quantitative estimates of perceptuo-motor learning rates for each age group and to reveal how these learning rates change between these age groups. W...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3349-4
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is known that arbitrary target accelerations along the horizontal generally are extrapolated much less accurately than target speed through a visual occlusion. The extent to which vertical accelerations can be extrapolated through an occlusion is much less understood. Here, we presented a virtual target rapidly des...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-2041-9
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using near infrared spectroscopy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), we studied interhemispheric interactions between bilateral motor and sensory cortices in humans. RTMS consisted of a triple-pulse burst (50 Hz) repeated every 200 m for 2 s (10 bursts, 30 pulses); one kind of theta burst TMS (TBS...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0884-5
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that fatigue-induced impairment in movement accuracy is caused by a decrease in muscle cocontraction rather than a reduced ability to produce muscular force. Seven participants performed fast and accurate elbow extensions aimed at a target, before and after a ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1264-x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The method of microneurography was used to record activity in trigeminal cutaneous and mucosal mechanoreceptive afferents during natural orofacial behaviors such as speech gestures, chewing, licking and swallowing. Multi-unit activity and impulses in single nerve fibers were recorded from the infraorbital nerve. It ap...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248519
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main belly of the macaque's flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) is divided by a dissectible plane into radial and ulnar regions. The present report describes three findings which suggest that the radial and ulnar regions represent separate functional subdivisions of the FDP. First, electromyographic (EMG) recordings ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229783
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a choice reaction time (RT) paradigm, providing partial advance information (a precue) about the upcoming response has been shown to decrease RT, presumably due to preprogramming of the precued parameters. When advance information about a particular aspect of a movement is provided (precued), several different stra...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2893-7
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between neuronal calcium binding protein content (calbindin D28K: CaBP and parvalbumin: PV) and vulnerability to ischemia was studied in different regions of the rat brain using the four vessel occlusion model of complete forebrain ischemia. The areas studied, i.e. the hippocampal formation, neocortex...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00232193
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The experiments were designed to test two hypotheses and their corollaries: 1. That adaptation of EMG responses to support surface rotations is due to a decrease in the gain of proprioceptively triggered long-loop stretch reflexes (Nashner 1976), and that the adaptation is dependent on a normally functioning vestibula...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00247031
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is known that attending to a cutaneous stimulus briefly increases its subjective intensity. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether an extended period of attention would produce a longer-lasting perceptual amplification. Eighty subjects were assigned alternately to experimental and control groups....
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-020-05910-y
更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of radial (near-far) and vertical (upper-lower) dimensions on lateral visuo-spatial neglect was studied using two horizontal line-bisection tasks (one motor and one perceptual). A group of 15 patients with neglect and a group of 14 right-brain damaged patients without neglect were examined. This latter g...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000580
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experiment was performed to characterise the movement kinematics and the electromyogram (EMG) during rhythmic voluntary flexion and extension of the wrist against different compliant (elastic-viscous-inertial) loads. Three levels of each type of load, and an unloaded condition, were employed. The movements were pac...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-001-0946-z
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study the neurotoxic effects of a low dosage (0.5 mg/kg per day) of methylmercury (MeHg) on the developing nervous system were investigated. Pregnant rats were treated with MeHg from day 7 of pregnancy to day 7 of lactation. Locomotor activity (locomotion, rearing, and motility) and spatial learning abi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050237
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following the theoretical notion that tools often extend one's body, in the present study, we investigated whether imitation of hand or tool actions is modulated by effector-specific information. Subjects performed grasping actions toward an object with either a handheld tool or their right hand. Actions were initiate...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2852-3
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Slice cultures from the visual cortex of young rats were prepared using the roller culture technique (Gähwiler 1984). After 10 days in vitro the cortical cultures flattened to 1-3 cell layers, surviving for up to 12 weeks. The cultures were organotypically organized, the typical layered structure of the cortex was pre...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00274981
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recording techniques were used to test for cross-modality and topographic convergence among inputs to area 3a of cerebral cortex. Recordings were made within the projection area of group I afferent fibers of the deep radial nerve in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Epsps were evoked in 90% of neurons (81/9...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236532
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies exploring reflexive joint attention report that attention is more powerfully captured by interfering social signals (such as others' gaze or hand orientation) than by non-biological directional cues (such as an arrow). However, what remains unknown is whether these effects are mapped in purely spatial or in bo...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-1900-8
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stimulation of cutaneous foot afferents has been shown to evoke a facilitation of the tibialis anterior (TA) EMG-activity at a latency of 70-95 ms in the early and middle swing phase of human walking. The present study investigated the underlying mechanism for this facilitation. In those subjects in whom it was possib...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050600
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the number of muscles and joints of the arm, more ways are available to produce an identical hand movement when pointing to a target than are strictly necessary. How the nervous system manages these abundant degrees of freedom was the focus of this study of pointing to targets of low and high indices of difficul...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1357-5
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Encoding of visual target location in extrapersonal space requires convergence of at least three types of information: retinal signals, information about orbital eye positions, and the position of the head on the body. Since the position of gaze is the sum of the head position and the eye position, inaccuracy of spati...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00241543
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Everyday life requires the ability to flexibly switch between tasks. Often, task switching is accompanied by concurrent cognitive activities that compete for limited attentional resources. This study aimed to characterize the effects of attentional load on task switching. In experiment 1, participants performed an int...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3452-1
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary vagal axons and terminals in the lateral descending trigeminal complex (dlv-DLV complex) in crotaline snakes were studied following HRP injections into the vagal nerve. Labeled fibers and terminals were found in the marginal neuropil, which was made up entirely of unmyelinated fibers, i.e., C fibers. The g...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238160
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research has shown that the timing of a sensor-motor event is recalibrated after a brief exposure to a delayed feedback of a voluntary action (Stetson et al. 2006). Here, we examined whether it is the sensory or motor event that is shifted in time. We compared lag adaption for action-feedback in visuo-motor p...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-2047-3
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ensemble properties of unit activity in the rat hippocampus were studied during different behavioral states defined by the presence or absence of the theta rhythm. A 24-channel microelectrode was used to monitor the parallel activity of several single neurons simultaneously. Individual units were characterized by ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00239532
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previous computer simulation study of overarm throws in 2D showed that reversal of elbow torque by antagonist muscle action late in the throw led to increased wrist flexion velocity and to increased ball speeds. We tested the hypothesis that the skill of making fast overarm throws in 3D involves deceleration (brakin...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-2258-1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fluorescent double-labeling technique has been used to determine whether the corticopontine and the corticotectal fibers in the cat are derived from two different sets of neurons or whether they are derived from branching neurons which distribute collaterals to the pontine grey and the colliculi. After unilateral ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00269447
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to identify the control mechanism used for locomotion pointing regulation under different external temporal constraints. Subjects ( n=8) had to walk on a treadmill through a number of virtual hallways and cross a pair of gliding doors that opened and closed at a constant preset frequency (0....
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-001-0990-8
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After a single adaptation session to prisms with gradually incremented shift magnitude, the prism adaptation aftereffect was measured by open loop mid-sagittal pointing (O) to a visual target without visual feedback. This aftereffect corresponded to the summation of the shift in proprioception, measured by straight ah...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0381-2
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracortical inhibition was investigated in normal human volunteers by paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, using a new, computer-assisted threshold-tracking method. Motor threshold was defined as the stimulus amplitude required to evoke a motor evoked potential of 0.2 mV (peak-to-peak) in abductor pollici...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-001-0988-2
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal subjects standing on an earth-fixed force platform inside a movable room displaced at velocities comparable to those accompanying spontaneous body sway, exhibit a visually evoked postural response (VEPR) some 600 ms after the start of the room movement. It consists of a displacement of the centre of force of th...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237488
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
