Abstract：
:Feedback information is essential for us to adapt appropriately to the environment. The feedback-related negativity (FRN), a frontocentral negative deflection after the delivery of feedback, has been found to be larger for outcomes that are worse than expected, and it reflects a reward prediction error derived from the midbrain dopaminergic projections to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), as stated in reinforcement learning theory. In contrast, the prediction of response-outcome (PRO) model claims that the neural activity in the mediofrontal cortex (mPFC), especially the ACC, is sensitive to the violation of expectancy, irrespective of the valence of feedback. Additionally, increasing evidence has demonstrated significant activities in the striatum, anterior insula and occipital lobe for unexpected outcomes independently of their valence. Thus, the neural mechanism of the feedback remains under dispute. Here, we investigated the feedback with monetary reward and electrical pain shock in one task via functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results revealed significant prediction-error-related activities in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left cingulate gyrus for both money and pain. This implies that some regions underlying the feedback may signal a salience prediction error rather than a reward prediction error.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Gu Y,Hu X,Pan W,Yang C,Wang L,Li Y,Chen Adoi
10.1038/srep34032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-03 00:00:00pages
34032issn
2045-2322pii
srep34032journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Despite the relevance of complex root microbial communities for plant health, growth and productivity, the molecular basis of these plant-microbe interactions is not well understood. Verrucomicrobia are cosmopolitans in the rhizosphere, nevertheless their adaptations and functions are enigmatic since the proportion of...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-65277-6
更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Diverse magnetic and electronic properties of halogen-adsorbed silicene are investigated by the first-principle theoretical framework, including the adatom-diversified geometric structures, atom-dominated energy bands, spatial spin density distributions, spatial charge density distributions and its variations, and orb...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-50233-w
更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The toxicological mechanisms of liver injury caused by most traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remain largely unknown. Due to the unique features, exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are currently attracting major interests to provide further insights into toxicological mechanisms. Thus, taking Fructus Meliae Toosendan as an ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-21113-6
更新日期：2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Fractal behavior is scale-invariant and widely characterized by fractal dimension. However, the cor-respondence between them is that fractal behavior uniquely determines a fractal dimension while a fractal dimension can be related to many possible fractal behaviors. Therefore, fractal behavior is independent of the fr...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep46672
更新日期：2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a modified two-dimensional Cherenkov radiation, which occurs on a high-index dielectric nano-film driven by uniformly moving electron-beam. It is essentially different from the ordinary Cherenkov radiation in that, in the nondispersive medium, it shows unique dispersion characteristics-the waves with higher ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-06176-1
更新日期：2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease associated with aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) in neuronal cells and manifests as motor neuron dysfunction &muscle atrophy. The carboxyl-terminal prion-like domain of TDP-43 can aggregate in vitro into toxic β-sheet rich amylo...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep39490
更新日期：2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Early ontogenetic periods and postnatal maturation in organisms are sex-specifically sensitive to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activities, related glucocorticoid secretions, and their effects on energy balance and homeostasis. Dietary polyunsaturated (PUFAs) and saturated (SFAs) fatty acids potentially pl...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-18978-4
更新日期：2018-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Mathematical models of metabolism from bacterial systems biology have proven their utility across multiple fields, for example metabolic engineering, growth phenotype simulation, and biological discovery. The usefulness of the models stems from their ability to compute a link between genotype and phenotype, but their ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep16025
更新日期：2015-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon coated TiO2 (TiO2@C) is fabricated by a convenient and green one-pot solvothermal method, in which ethylene glycol serve as both the reaction medium and carbon source without the addition of any other carbon additives. During the solvothermal process, ethylene glycol polymerize and coordinate with Ti4+ to form ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep43895
更新日期：2017-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Cold Syndrome and Hot Syndrome are thousand-year-old key therapeutic concepts in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which depict the loss of body homeostasis. However, the scientific basis of TCM Syndrome remains unclear due to limitations of current reductionist approaches. Here, we established a network balance mod...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep01543
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrate treatment has been widely used in various seawater injection projects to treat biologic sulfate reduction or reservoir souring. To design a promising nitrate treatment plan, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of reactions that represent the microbial communities of the reservoir and mechanis...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-44033-5
更新日期：2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous K. pneumoniae endophthalmitis (EKE) has a higher incidence among East Asians, and the most common infectious source of EKE is pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). We investigate the risk factors for poor visual outcomes in patients with PLA-related EKE. The retrospective medical records of 104 patients (120 eyes) ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-37643-y
更新日期：2019-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Water-saving and drought-resistantce rice (WDR) breeding practices have greatly increased grain yield and drought resistance. To study the genetic basis of adaptation to drought, transcriptome sequences from the WDR maintainer line HuHan2B and the recurrent parent HanFengB were analyzed for alternative splicing (AS) c...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-12020-3
更新日期：2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The phase behaviour of a system composed of amino acid-based surfactant (sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate hydrate), 1-decanol and deionised water was investigated for vesicle formation. Changing the molar ratio of the amphiphiles, two important aggregate structures were observed in the aqueous corner of the phase diagram. ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep00071
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Replacing precious and nondurable Pt catalysts with cheap materials is a key issue for commercialization of fuel cells. In the case of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), the methanol tolerance is also an important concern. Here, we develop AlN nanowires with diameters of ab...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep06013
更新日期：2014-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor and regulator of glucose metabolism. Here, we demonstrated that shizukaol F, a natural compound isolated from Chloranthus japonicus, can activate AMPK and modulate glucose metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. Shizukaol F increased glucose uptake in differentiated C2...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-00925-y
更新日期：2017-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which has caused repeated outbreaks in humans in southern and central Europe, but thus far not in northern Europe. The main mosquito vector for WNV, Culex pipiens, consists of two behaviourally distinct biotypes, pipiens and molestus, which can form hybrids. Differe...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-05185-4
更新日期：2017-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstructive heart defects (OHDs) are a major health concern worldwide. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) genes are known to have regulatory functions that are essential for proper heart development. In a zebrafish model, Pdgfra was further demonstrated to interact with ethanol during craniofacial development. ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-29160-9
更新日期：2018-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is characterized by neuronal loss and cerebral accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and lowering the generation of Aβ is a pivotal approach in the strategy of Alzheimer's disease treatment. Midlife hypertension is a major risk factor for the future onset of sporadic Alzheimer's disease and the us...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep12059
更新日期：2015-07-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Cross-border equity and long-term debt securities portfolio investment networks are analysed from 2002 to 2012, covering the 2008 global financial crisis. They serve as network-proxies for measuring the robustness of the global financial system and the interdependence of financial markets, respectively. Two early-warn...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep03991
更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we applied transfer learning techniques for image recognition, automatic categorization, and labeling of nanoscience images obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Roughly 20,000 SEM images were manually classified into 10 categories to form a labeled training set, which can be used as a referenc...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-13565-z
更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the main immune suppressors with subpopulation of inflamed-tissue related memory Tregs (mTregs) and non-related resting Treg (rTregs). Previously, Treg was proposed to be the cause of chronicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection but with controversies. We then investigated ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-15527-x
更新日期：2017-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare form of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, and because of its rareness, there is no standard treatment for CAD patients. We retrospectively analysed the response to rituximab-containing therapy in CAD patients at our hospital. All patients received rituximab-containing therapy for a...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-69465-2
更新日期：2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain insulin sensitivity is an important link between metabolism and cognitive dysfunction. Intranasal insulin is a promising tool to investigate central insulin action in humans. We evaluated the acute effects of 160 U intranasal insulin on resting-state brain functional connectivity in healthy young adults. Twenty-...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-01907-w
更新日期：2017-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Triazophos (TAP) is a widely used phosphorus pesticide in China that possesses a potential risk for water pollution. We have studied the removal efficiency of TAP using pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSCWs) as well as the contribution of plants, substrates and other pathways to its remova...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-05874-0
更新日期：2017-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of annealing both in the oxygen atmosphere and at room temperatures on physical properties such as the pseudogap (Δ*(T)) and excess conductivity (σ'(T)) of untwined YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) single crystal with a small deviation from oxygen stoichiometry is studied. It was revealed that as the charge carrier densi...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-45286-w
更新日期：2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a leading technology for determining protein structures. Recent advances in this field have allowed for atomic resolution. However, predicting the backbone trace of a protein has remained a challenge on all but the most pristine density maps (<2.5 Å resolution). Here we in...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-60598-y
更新日期：2020-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigate instability mechanisms in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O transistors based on bias and illumination stress-recovery experiments coupled with analysis using stretched exponentials and inverse Laplace transform to retrieve the distribution of activation energies associated with metastable oxygen defects. Results sh...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep14902
更新日期：2015-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-42491-5
更新日期：2019-05-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Boiling histotripsy (BH) is a High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) method for precise mechanical disintegration of target tissue using millisecond-long pulses containing shocks. BH treatments with real-time ultrasound (US) guidance allowed by BH-generated bubbles were previously demonstrated ex vivo and in vivo in...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-56658-7
更新日期：2019-12-27 00:00:00
