Abstract:
:Lung morphometry was introduced over 50 years ago to provide quantitative evaluation of the lung structure. The existing parameters, such as mean linear intercept and destructive index, suffer from simplistic data interpretation and a subjective data acquisition process. To overcome these existing shortcomings, parenchymal airspace profiling (PAP) was developed to provide a more detailed and unbiased quantitative method. Following the standard protocols of fixation, embedding, and sectioning, lung micrographs were: (1) marked with nonparenchymal area, preprocessed, and binarized under the researcher's supervision; (2) analyzed with a statistical learning method, Gaussian mixture model, to provide an unbiased categorization of parenchymal airspace compartments, corresponding to a single alveolus, alveolar sac, and ductal/destructive airspace; and (3) further quantified into morphometric parameters, including reference volume, alveolar count, and ductal/destructive fraction (DF) based on stereological principles. PAP was performed on hematoxylin and eosin-stained lung sections from mice and rabbits. Unbiased categorization revealed differences in alveolar size among several mouse strains (NZW/LacJ journal_name authors doi subject pub_date pages issue eissn issn journal_volume pub_type
abstract::Aging is associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Aging contributes to common processes including metabolic dysfunction, DNA damage, and reactive oxygen species generation. Although glycolysis has been linked to cell growth and prolifer...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2016-0225OC
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of transgenic mouse lines suitable for studying gene function and cellular lineage relationships in lung development, homeostasis, injury, and repair. Many of the mouse strains reviewed in this Perspective have been widely shared within the lung research c...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2011-0372PS
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface airway epithelium is frequently injured by noxious inhaled agents, epithelial wound repair may be an important process by which the epithelial barrier integrity is maintained. To evaluate the role of surface airway cells in the wound repair process, we developed an in vitro wounding model of human nasal epithe...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb/5.3.242
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alveolar epithelial type II cells secrete lung surfactant via exocytosis. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) are implicated in this process. Lipid rafts, the cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich microdomains, may offer a platform for protein organization on the cell membrane. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2005-0418OC
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have tested the murine macrophagic cell line RAW 264.7 for its ability to undergo activation after exposure to silica particles in vitro. When exposed to silica under controlled conditions (each cell having access to about 10 silica particles), RAW 264.7 cells were able to phagocytose the particles. Concomitantly, ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.13.5.7576690
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sox2, a transcription factor critical for the maintenance of embryonic stem cells and induction of pluripotent stem cells, is expressed exclusively in the conducting airway epithelium of the lung, where it is required for differentiation of nonciliated, goblet, and ciliated cells. To determine the role of Sox2 in resp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2010-0149OC
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preclinical models of human conditions including asthma showed the therapeutic potential of Compound A (CpdA), a dissociated glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GRα) ligand. Whether CpdA inhibits GC resistance, a central feature of severe asthma, has not been addressed. We investigated whether CpdA modulates cytokine-induce...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2014-0477OC
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds great promise in the repair of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung damage in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Because CS leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, we aimed to investigate the potential benefit of mitochondrial transfer from human-induced pluri...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2013-0529OC
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although neutrophil migration from the systemic circulation involves the beta2- (or CD18) integrin family, the existence of an alternative, CD18-independent route of neutrophil extravasation to tissues has been demonstrated in animal models. The molecular interactions involved in this alternative migratory route have ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.23.2.3853
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human lung accumulates iron with senescence. Smoking escalates the accumulation of iron, and we have demonstrated regional variability in the accumulation of iron in smokers' lungs. Iron has been reported to influence the production of a number of proinflammatory mediators, including human interleukin (IL)-1beta. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.23.1.3736
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue factor (TF) is best known as a cellular initiator of coagulation, but it is also a multifunctional protein that has been implicated in multiple pathophysiologic conditions, including asthma. In the lung, airway epithelial cells express TF, but it is unknown how TF expression is regulated by asthma-associated me...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2015-0252OC
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, investigators demonstrated associations between fine particulate matter (PM)-associated metals and adverse health effects. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA), a waste product of fossil fuel combustion from boilers, is rich in the transition metals Fe, Ni, and V, and when released as a fugitive particle, is an impor...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2009-0456OC
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::IL-11 and IL-11 receptor (R)alpha are induced by Th2 cytokines. However, the role(s) of endogenous IL-11 in antigen-induced Th2 inflammation has not been fully defined. We hypothesized that IL-11, signaling via IL-11Ralpha, plays an important role in aeroallergen-induced Th2 inflammation and mucus metaplasia. To test ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2008-0053OC
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by a dramatic neutrophil recruitment and repeated Pseudomonas infections in the lungs. To evaluate cytokine releasibility by airway epithelial cells in the context of CF, we studied primary nasal epithelial cells isolated from the upper airways and continuous epithelial cell lines...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb/9.4.455
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that tyrosine kinases play an important role in signal transduction mechanisms utilized by a range of different agonists in many cell types. We have investigated the effects of four different inhibitors of tyrosine kinases on IgE-dependent histamine release from human lung mast cells and basop...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb/7.6.637
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucin glycoproteins play a key role in the normal function of the airway epithelium. We examined the expression of mucin genes, MUC3, 4, 5AC, 5B, 6, 7, and 8 in human fetal tissues to establish the localization and age of onset of expression of each mucin gene during human development. We detected expression of MUC4, ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.17.5.2798
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) release gelatinase B in response to variable stimuli. Gelatinase B degrades basement membrane components in vitro, and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity blunts PMN migration through a prototype basement membrane (Matrigel) and amnionic membranes. Accordingly, it has bee...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.20.6.3558
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of novel targets for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung inflammation is a major priority, considering that no effective therapy is available for this purpose. Consistent with the evidence that the sphingolipid (SL) ceramide regulates airway inflammation and infection in mice and patients with...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2010-0457OC
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common and serious chronic lung disease of preterm infants. The development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) significantly increases the mortality and morbidity of this disease. β-Catenin signaling plays an important role in tissue development and remodeling. Aberrant β-caten...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2013-0346OC
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of repeated ozone exposures on the development of immune responses toward ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Ozone exposures (180 to 500 microg/m(3); 4 h, three times/wk for 4 wk) were combined with a protocol of OVA-aerosol exposure (1% OVA). Immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.23.2.3898
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular senescence has been implicated in diverse pathologies. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of this process in tissue fibrosis. Although dysregulation of microRNAs is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis, it is unclear whether microRNAs function by regulating cellular sene...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2016-0163OC
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of concomitant P1-receptor stimulation on peak intracellular Ca2+ release by extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were investigated in cultured airway smooth-muscle (ASM) cells. The results show that peak Ca2+ release to ATP is enhanced by preincubation with adenosin...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.21.1.3425
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) such as types 6 and 11 can establish lifelong infections in airway epithelial cells in patients, and long-term infection can lead to pulmonary involvement and death. The mechanisms underlying this persistence depend on both the transcriptional activity of the viral enhancers and promoters...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.20.5.3479
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::New approaches for improving tuberculosis (TB) control using adjunct host-directed cellular and repurposed drug therapies are needed. Autophagy plays a crucial role in the response to TB, and a variety of autophagy-inducing drugs that are currently available for various medical conditions may serve as an adjunct treat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2015-0383OC
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine was one of the first inflammatory mediators thought to be important in the pathophysiology of asthma, but it is not now thought to be a mediator with primary importance in airway constriction. However, histamine has several effects that may be relevant. One of these effects, its immunoregulatory role, has be...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.14.6.8652190
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal airway smooth muscle contracts to neural stimulation from early gestation. This study aimed to document the development of the nerves and ganglia within the bronchial tree of the fetal pig lung as the structural correlates for this function. The formation of these structures during lung development (pseudoglandu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.21.5.3721
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia infections are frequent causes of respiratory illness, particularly pneumonia in infants, and are linked to permanent reductions in lung function and the induction of asthma. However, the immune responses that protect against early-life infection and the mechanisms that lead to chronic lung disease are incom...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2015-0204OC
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical ventilation with supraphysiological concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia) is routinely used to treat patients with respiratory distress. However, a significant number of patients on ventilators exhibit enhanced susceptibility to infections and develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Pseudomonas aerugi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2012-0279OC
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of G protein-coupled receptor by dopamine and hypoxia-generated reactive oxygen species promote Na+,K+-ATPase endocytosis. This effect is clathrin dependent and involves the activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta and phosphorylation of the Na+,K+-ATPase alpha-subunit. Because the incorporation of cargo i...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/rcmb.2006-0044OC
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an allergic granulomatous interstitial lung disease resulting from a reaction of selected individuals to repeated inhalations of certain antigens. HP is characterized by chronic inflammation, and the development of the disease seems to be immunologically mediated. In farmer's lung,...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1165/ajrcmb/5.2.198
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00