Abstract：
:Skeletal elements that are exposed to heavy mechanical loads may provide important insights into the evolutionary solutions to mechanical challenges. We analyzed the microscopic architecture of dactylus claws in the woodlice Porcellio scaber and correlated these observations with analyses of the claws' mineral composition with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Extraordinarily, amorphous calcium phosphate is the predominant mineral in the claw endocuticle. Unlike the strongly calcified exocuticle of the dactylus base, the claw exocuticle is devoid of mineral and is highly brominated. The architecture of the dactylus claw cuticle is drastically different from that of other parts of the exoskeleton. In contrast to the quasi-isotropic structure with chitin-protein fibers oriented in multiple directions, characteristic of the arthropod exoskeleton, the chitin-protein fibers and mineral components in the endocuticle of P. scaber claws are exclusively axially oriented. Taken together, these characteristics suggest that the claw cuticle is highly structurally anisotropic and fracture resistant and can be explained as adaptations to predominant axial loading of the thin, elongated claws. The nanoscale architecture of the isopod claw may inspire technological solutions in the design of durable machine elements subjected to heavy loading and wear.
journal_name
J Struct Bioljournal_title
Journal of structural biologyauthors
Vittori M,Srot V,Žagar K,Bussmann B,van Aken PA,Čeh M,Štrus Jdoi
10.1016/j.jsb.2016.06.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
227-237issue
2eissn
1047-8477issn
1095-8657pii
S1047-8477(16)30114-9journal_volume
195pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus hibernation promoting factor (SaHPF) is responsible for the formation of 100S ribosome dimers, which in turn help this pathogen to reduce energy spent under unfavorable conditions. Ribosome dimer formation strongly depends on the dimerization of the C-terminal domain of SaHPF (CTDSaHPF). In this ...
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jsb.2010.01.019
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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doi：10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107650
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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abstract：:In fishes, like in amphibians, it is well established that variations in rRNA activity occur during oogenesis. Contrary to amphibians, however, little is known about the ultrastructural changes of the nucleolus during fish oogenesis. Evolution of the nucleolus has been followed during oogenesis in the teleost fish Bar...
journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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journal_title：Journal of structural biology
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