Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The effect of modifying lifestyle at middle age on mortality has been sparsely examined. METHODS:Men and women aged 50-54 years randomised to the control group (no intervention) in the population-based Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention trial were asked to fill in lifestyle questionnaires in 2001 and 2004. Lifestyle scores were estimated ranging from 0 (poorest) to 4 (best) based on health recommendations (non-smoking, daily physical activity, body mass index <25.0 kg/m2 and healthy diet). Outcomes were all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality before 31 December 2013. RESULTS:Of the 6886 attainable individuals included in the study, 4211 (61%) responded to the baseline questionnaire in 2001. After a median follow-up of 12.3 years, 226 (5.4%) of the baseline questionnaire responders died; 110 (49%) from cancer and 32 (14%) from cardiovascular disease. For each increment in lifestyle score in 2001, a 21% lower all-cause mortality was observed (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.94, adjusted for age, sex, occupational working hours and chronic disease or pain during 3 years before enrolment). A one-point increase in lifestyle score from 2001 to 2004 was associated with a 38% reduction in all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 0.62, CI 0.45 to 0.84). The group reporting lifestyle change from score 0-1 (unfavourable) in 2001 to score 2-4 (favourable) in 2004 had 4.8 fewer deaths per 1000 person years, compared with the group maintaining an 'unfavourable' lifestyle (adjusted HR 0.31, CI 0.13 to 0.70 for all-cause mortality). CONCLUSIONS:Favourable lifestyle changes at age 50-60 years may prevent early death. TRIAL REGISTRATION:NCT00119912; pre-results.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Berstad P,Botteri E,Larsen IK,Løberg M,Kalager M,Holme Ø,Bretthauer M,Hoff Gdoi
10.1136/jech-2015-206760subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
59-66issue
1eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738pii
jech-2015-206760journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To examine the use of deprivation indices in relation to health. DESIGN:This paper reviews selected publications which illustrate the diversity of use of deprivation indices in the past decade. Most of this work is based in the major routine databases which exist in this country: the census, population...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.49.suppl_2.s3
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to increased risk of hypertension, a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. How the risk is altered by intergenerational social mobility is not well known. The aim of this study is to investigate parental SES, adult SES and the intergenerational social mo...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.130567
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse time trends in overweight and obesity from 1991 to 2000 in samples of German children and to test the hypothesis of a trend difference between the samples from East and West Germany during this time period. DESIGN:Repeated cross-sectional studies using data of 35,434 five to seven-year-old childre...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.062117
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health equity is increasingly present as an overarching goal in public health policy frameworks across the globe. Public health actions to support health equity are challenging because solutions to the root causes of health inequities often lie outside of the health sector, and a specific role for environmental public...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-210843
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical students in Nottingham all complete an honours Bachelor of Medical Sciences course in one department including a research project. The honours programme in community health is described, with results from a survey of the 122 graduates since the medical school started. The 98 (80%) responses showed high levels ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.40.3.232
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Injuries are an increasing child health concern and have become a leading cause of child mortality in the 1-4 years age group in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. METHODS:Household observations during 9 months of a community-based pilot of two supervision tools-a door barrier and a playpen-de...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.080903
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Glasgow Register of Congenital Malformations were used to investigate the extent of the recent decline in the prevalence of anencephaly and spina bifida, and the contribution of antenatal screening to it. Over the period 1974-85 inclusive, 303 pregnancies with an anencephalic foetus were diagnosed, repre...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.42.3.271
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aetiology of age-related sarcopenia is not known. OBJECTIVES:To investigate if risk of developing sarcopenia differs by gender and to identify gender-specific risk factors of incident sarcopenia in a large population-based cohort of older English adults. METHODS:The sample (n=3404; age 63.4 (SD 7.7) ye...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211258
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Mental distress may entail increased risk of hip fracture, but it is uncertain whether the effect consists solely of an indirect effect through use of medication, or whether it is also mediated through other mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between mental distress and risk o...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.53.6.343
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Much of the UK government's 1999 report on teenage pregnancy was by necessity based on rather old or non-longitudinal research. AIM:To examine the associations between risk factors identified in the report and pregnancy at or before age 16 years among young women and partners of young men using the more rec...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.040865
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence of racial/ethnic inequalities in tobacco outlet density is limited by: (1) reliance on studies from single counties or states, (2) limited attention to spatial dependence, and (3) an unclear theory-based relationship between neighbourhood composition and tobacco outlet density. METHODS:In 97 counti...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2016-208475
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Organisational justice has been proposed as a new way to examine the impact of psychosocial work environment on employee health. This article studied the justice of interpersonal treatment by supervisors (the relational component of organisational justice) as a predictor of health. DESIGN:Prospective cohort ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2003.019026
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To examine the difficulties of developing and maintaining outcome evaluation designs in long term, community based health promotion programmes. DESIGN:Semistructured interviews of health promotion managers. SETTING:Wales and two reference health regions in England. PARTICIPANTS:Nine health promotion ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.47.2.127
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To inform discussions on rates, burden and priority-setting in relation to police violence, we quantified the number and rate of years of life lost (YLLs) due to police violence by race/ethnicity and age in the USA, 2015-2016. METHODS:We used data on the number of deaths due to police violence from 'The Cou...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-210059
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparison of trends in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality in different social classes is confounded by historical changes in diagnostic techniques and statistical classification, and possibly by different standards of diagnostic accuracy in the different social classes. The problems can be circumvented by ta...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.33.1.74
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the UK, overall stroke mortality has declined. A similar trend has been seen in coronary heart disease, although recent reports suggest this decline might be levelling off in middle-aged adults. AIM:To investigate recent trends in stroke mortality among those aged 40-69 years in England. METHODS:The aut...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.086785
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to report on the extent to which death certificates which specify that death occurred in hospital can be matched and linked with routine hospital inpatient information systems. DESIGN:The study involved linkage of hospital records which specified that death occurred in hospital to correspon...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.297
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The death of a young child is so devastating that it can increase the risk of mortality in the grieving parent. Little is known about the impact of an adult child's death on the health of parents. METHODS:The authors conducted a follow-up study between 1980 and 2002 based on a linked-registers database that...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2011-200339
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:Sociodemographic differentials in cancer survival have occasionally been studied by using a relative survival approach, where all cause mortality among persons with a cancer diagnosis is compared with that among similar persons without such a diagnosis ("normal" mortality). One should ideally take into...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.56.4.309
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To describe the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and to determine the role of sexual transmission of HBV infection in Singapore. DESIGN:A cross sectional study of all consecutive men p...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.49.3.309
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The temporal pattern of effects of summertime ozone (O(3)) in total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality were investigated in 21 European cities participating in the APHEA-2 (Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach) project, which is fundamental in determining the importance of the effect in terms...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.084012
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Micronutrient deficiencies have become rare in industrialised countries as availability of fresh food, supplementation, and fortification have improved but a less favourable situation may still prevail in many developing countries. Blood thiamin status and determinants were therefore investigated in the...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.52.4.237
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are substantial socioeconomic inequalities in functional limitations in old age. Resilience may offer new insights into these inequalities by identifying constellations of factors that protect some individuals from developing functional limitations despite socioeconomic adversity. METHODS:Data from 19...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211736
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the extent of commercial tobacco imagery in the lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) press. METHODS:Content analysis of all advertising containing tobacco related text or imagery in 20 LGB community periodicals, published between January 1990 and December 2000. RESULTS:3428 ads were found: 689 tob...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.038760
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To estimate the cost per woman participating in a mammographic screening programme, and to describe methods for measuring costs. DESIGN:Expenditure, resource usage, and throughput were monitored over a 12 month period. Unit costs for each phase of the screening process were estimated and linked with t...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.4.391
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prompted by my participation in the People's Climate March held in New York City on 21 September 2014, as part of the 'Harvard Divest' contingent, in this brief essay I reflect on the late 20th century development of--and debates over--the necessity of ecological thinking in epidemiology, and also the still limited en...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-205027
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 30 years ago, the older of us published a paper with the proposal that all scientific papers should start with a statement along the lines of: "These are the opinions on which I base my facts". Why pretend? To take a topical example, if you are on the nature side of the nature/nurture debates, is it likely t...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.081695
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early family-level and social-level stressors are both assumed to be the components of two main path models explaining the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and its long-term consequences on mental health explored through life-course epidemiological studies. AIMS:To investi...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.077750
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality risk is lower in married than in unmarried men and women. However, little is known about the association between mortality and relationship status in South Africa where marriage rates are low, migration is common, many couples are not co-resident and HIV prevalence is high. METHOD:Using demographi...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-205408
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:It is increasingly recognised that different dimensions of social inequality may be linked to health by different pathways. Furthermore, factors operating at the individual level such as employment conditions may affect health in a different way from household level factors. The paper examines the assoc...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.1.56
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00