Abstract：
:Cyclophosphamide is considered one of the most successful chemotherapy drugs and is listed on the World Health Organisations List of Essential Medicines. Since its initial synthesis in 1958, it has been widely used to treat a range of cancers but its use has been declining due to the advent of platinum based and other chemotherapy agents. However, cyclophosphamide is still used either as a single agent or as adjuvant therapy to treat lymphomas, and breast and ovarian cancers at much lower doses. The efficacy of low dose cyclophosphamide is primarily due to its ability to promote anti-tumour immunity, by selectively depleting regulatory T cells and enhancing effector T cell function. Compared to effecter T cells, regulatory T cells have metabolic adaptations that make them more susceptible to cyclophosphamide-mediated cytotoxicity. In this review, we highlight the potential for improving the efficacy of low dose cyclophosphamide by combining insights on the mechanisms of cyclophosphamide-mediated cytotoxicity, and how these cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide influence T cell function, thereby contributing to anti-tumour immunity.
journal_name
Cancer Treat Revjournal_title
Cancer treatment reviewsauthors
Madondo MT,Quinn M,Plebanski Mdoi
10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
3-9eissn
0305-7372issn
1532-1967pii
S0305-7372(15)00203-0journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Metastatic cervical carcinoma from unknown primary is a metastatic disease in the lymph nodes of the neck without any evidence of a primary tumour after appropriate investigation. The condition is rare and definite evidence is lacking for both diagnosis and treatment. In this review of the literature, we tried to draw...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.11.014
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.12.007
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abstract：:The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Despite the recent progress in targeting persistent AR activity with the next-generation hormonal therapies (abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide), resistance to these agents limits therapeutic effica...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.12.003
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abstract：BACKGROUND:A relationship between baseline tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and outcomes has been described in HER2-positive breast cancer. Nevertheless, the magnitude of this association and whether this effect differs based on the type of anti-HER2 agent remain controversial. This meta-analysis investigated the a...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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abstract：:The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed at sensitizing mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene represents a critical pillar in non-small cell lung cancer treatment. Despite the excellent disease control with initial EGFR TKI therapy, acquired resistance is ubiquitous and remains a key chal...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.02.006
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abstract：:Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma is distinguished from other lymphomas by its peculiar biology and heterogeneous chemosensitivity. Most of the patients respond to the standard first-line treatment and are cured, however, in selected cases, the disease relapses or remains primarily refractory. Among predictive/prognostic fac...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.06.002
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abstract：:Radiotherapy is an indispensable unit of multidisciplinary treatment of breast cancer. Although the application of modern techniques has led to a significantly reduction in radiation-induced heart disease, it is still recognized as the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among breast cancer survivors. With the g...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2004.12.007
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abstract：:Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most common malignancies in men, with an increasing incidence. Despite significant advances in surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy to treat CaP, many patients unfortunately succumb to secondary disease (metastases). The invasive ability of tumour cells plays a key role in CaP met...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.12.008
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.04.005
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Galectins belong to a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins with an affinity for β-galactosides. Galectin-1 is differentially expressed by various normal and pathologic tissues and displays a wide range of biological activities. In oncology, galectin-1 plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and in the multistep proces...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.07.007
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment of relapsed hematological malignancies after an allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant (SCT) is challenging. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) from the stem cell donor is an attractive clinical option to salvage this group of patients. METHODS:We reviewed the important studies looking at d...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.03.004
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0305-7372(89)90034-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.07.005
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2009.08.012
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery (NACT + S) has been compared with definitive chemoradiothherapy (CRT) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in stage IB2, IIA and IIB cervical cancer (1994 Figo stage). Our aim was to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of NACT + S and CRT and identify differences in clini...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101945
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/ctrv.1999.0160
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0305-7372(03)00079-3
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2005.05.007
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has overwhelmed health care systems in many countries. The clinical presentation of the SARS-CoV-2 varies between a subclinical or flu-like syndrome to that of severe pneumonia with multi-organ failure and death. Initial reports have suggested that cancer patients may have a hig...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102068
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the biggest cancer killer in the United States and worldwide. In 2011, there are estimated to be 221,130 new cases of lung cancer in the United States. Over a million people will die of lung cancer worldwide this year alone. When possible, surgery to remove the tumor is the best t...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkpoint blockades turn on a new paradigm shift in immunotherapy for cancer. Remarkable clinical efficacy, durable response and low toxicity of programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockades have been observed in various malignancies. However, a lot of cancer patients failed to resp...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While chemotherapy has been the standard of care for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), efforts have shifted toward evaluating novel targeted agents in an attempt to improve outcome. These targeted agents are directed toward key components in several signalling pathways such as vascular endothe...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.05.009
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journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last decade, important progress has been made in the surgical treatment of malignant liver tumors in children. For hepatoblastoma, there is a general consensus for combining surgical resection with neoadjuvant (and adjuvant) chemotherapy. Long-term disease-free survival of around 85-90% can be achieved for ...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.02.013
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six major randomized clinical trials evaluating the role of taxanes in the adjuvant setting of breast cancer have demonstrated significant improvements in terms of efficacy in favour of the taxane treatment arm. In all cases, different anthracycline-based regimens were used as the control arm. Nevertheless, many clini...
journal_title：Cancer treatment reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.04.006
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
