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Mutational analysis of Kaposica reveals that bridging of MG2 and CUB domains of target protein is crucial for the cofactor activity of RCA proteins.

Abstract：

:The complement system has evolved to annul pathogens, but its improper regulation is linked with diseases. Efficient regulation of the system is primarily provided by a family of proteins termed regulators of complement activation (RCA). The knowledge of precise structural determinants of RCA proteins critical for imparting the regulatory activities and the molecular events underlying the regulatory processes, nonetheless, is still limited. Here, we have dissected the structural requirements of RCA proteins that are crucial for one of their two regulatory activities, the cofactor activity (CFA), by using the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus RCA homolog Kaposica as a model protein. We have scanned the entire Kaposica molecule by sequential mutagenesis using swapping and site-directed mutagenesis, which identified residues critical for its interaction with C3b and factor I. Mapping of these residues onto the modeled structure of C3b-Kaposica-factor I complex supported the mutagenesis data. Furthermore, the model suggested that the C3b-interacting residues bridge the CUB (complement C1r-C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) and MG2 (macroglobulin-2) domains of C3b. Thus, it seems that stabilization of the CUB domain with respect to the core of the C3b molecule is central for its CFA. Identification of CFA-critical regions in Kaposica guided experiments in which the equivalent regions of membrane cofactor protein were swapped into decay-accelerating factor. This strategy allowed CFA to be introduced into decay-accelerating factor, suggesting that viral and human regulators use a common mechanism for CFA.

journal_name

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

journal_title

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors

Gautam AK,Panse Y,Ghosh P,Reza MJ,Mullick J,Sahu A

doi

10.1073/pnas.1506449112

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-10-13 00:00:00

pages

12794-9

issue

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

1506449112

journal_volume

112

pub_type

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Mutational analysis of Kaposica reveals that bridging of MG2 and CUB domains of target protein is crucial for the cofactor activity of RCA proteins.