Abstract:
:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) possess a range of immunomodulatory properties which they exert through soluble mediators and through direct cell-cell contact. Due to these immune regulatory properties, the safety and clinical efficacy of MSC treatment has been tested in a number of autoimmune disorders. In this review we analyze the current data from early phase trials into Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis. In general, no adverse side effects were observed in patients treated with MSC; however, their clinical efficacy is difficult to interpret. Systemic or site-specific administration of MSC has been reported to exert potent immunomodulatory effects in 7 of the 11 trials discussed. Nonetheless, the mechanism(s) by which MSC exert their regulatory effects in vivo remain largely unknown. We discuss potential limitations or safety concerns associated with MSC therapy, including the heterogeneity of MSC and their potential contribution to disease pathogenesis, which need to be considered when designing future clinical trials, along with the need to standardize trial design. Although we are bridging the translational gap between scientific observations on MSC function and clinical applications for therapy, our understanding of basic MSC biology is still limited. Despite these issues, large, double-blinded, multicenter clinical trials are already underway. Further research into the endogenous function of MSC is required to elucidate the mechanism by which therapeutic MSC are acting.
journal_name
Stem Cells Devjournal_title
Stem cells and developmentauthors
Munir H,McGettrick HMdoi
10.1089/scd.2015.0008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-15 00:00:00pages
2091-100issue
18eissn
1547-3287issn
1557-8534journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are more and more frequently used to treat orthopedic injuries in horses. However, these cells are limited in their expandability and differentiation capacity. Recently, the first equine-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were reported by us [ 1 ]. In vitro differen...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2014.0409
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs) are similar in size, behavior, physiology, biochemistry, structure and function of organs, and complexity of the immune system. Research on NHPs generates complementary data that bridge translational research from small animal models to humans. NHP models of human disease offer uniq...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2014.0374
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central nervous system (CNS) inflammation is primarily driven by microglial cells which secrete proinflammatory cytokines and undergo proliferation upon activation, as it occurs in neurodegenerative diseases. Uncontrolled or prolonged CNS inflammation is potentially harmful and can result in cellular damage. Recently,...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2015.0268
更新日期:2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Allogeneic stem cell (SC)-based therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of a range of human degenerative and inflammatory diseases. Many reports highlighted the immune modulatory properties of some SC types, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but a comparative study with SCs of different origin, to assess...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2013.0204
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human perivascular progenitor cells, including pericytes, are well-described multipotent mesenchymal cells giving rise to mesenchymal stem cells in culture. Despite the unique location of pericytes, specific antigens to distinguish human pericytes from other cell types are few. Here, we employed a human tissue microar...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2019.0106
更新日期:2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::To better understand the basis of variation in cellular reprogramming, we performed experiments with two primary objectives: first, to determine the degree of difference, if any, in reprogramming efficiency among cells lines of a similar type after accounting for technical variables, and second, to compare the efficie...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2013.0040
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of gametes, have regulatory mechanisms involving transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. The transcription factor NANOG is a key regulator of germ cell and embryonic stem cell characteristics. However, the epigenetic regulation of NANOG with a histone deacetylas...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2018.0059
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regenerative medicine, a paragon of future healthcare, holds unprecedented potential in extending the reach of treatment modalities for individuals across diseases and lifespan. Emerging regenerative technologies, focused on structural repair and functional restoration, signal a radical transformation in medical and s...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2013.0448
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regenerative medicine is in demand of adult pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The "Bonghan System (BHS)" was discovered and suggested to contain cells with regenerative capacity in the early 1960s. It had been ignored for a long time due to the lack of sufficient details of experiments, but about 37 years after the initi...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/scd.2015.0024
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we isolated and characterized spontaneously differentiated human embryonic stem cells (SD-hESCs) found in hESC colonies in comparison to the morphologically premature ESCs in the colonies to investigate the potential role of SD-hESCs in embryogenesis. SD-hESCs were distinguished from undifferentiated hE...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2013.0083
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The major reservoir of human multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is the bone marrow (BM) with the capability to control hematopoietic stem cell development. The regenerative potential of MSCs is associated with enhanced endogenous repair and healing mechanisms that modulate inflammatory responses. Our pr...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2014.0509
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factor FoxA1 plays a critical role during embryonic development and is activated during retinoic acid (RA)-induced neural differentiation of pluripotent P19 embryonal carcinoma cells at the early stage, which is marked by decreased expression of Nanog and increased expression of neural stem cell marker N...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2009.0386
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing need for an animal model that can be used to translate basic research into clinical therapy. We documented the differentiation and functional competence of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived endothelial cells in baboons. Baboon angioblasts were sequentially differentiated from embryoid body cultu...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0313
更新日期:2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The optimization of defined growth conditions is necessary for the development of clinical application of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Current research has focused on developing defined media formulations for long-term culture of hESCs with little attention on the establishment of defined substrates for hESC pr...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2008.0410
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tendons and ligaments (T/L) are dense connective tissues of mesodermal origin. During embryonic development, the tendon-specific cells descend from a sub-set of mesenchymal progenitors condensed in the syndetome, a dorsolateral domain of the sclerotome. These cells are defined by the expression of the transcription fa...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2011.0150
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::With the recent advances in regenerative medicine, nanotechnology has created a niche for itself as a promising avenue in this field. Innumerable studies have been carried out by researchers using virus-based methodologies for the purpose of epigenetic reprogramming. Although this method is ostensibly safe, nonetheles...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/scd.2014.0309
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived natural killer (NK) cells are a promising source of antitumor lymphocytes for immunotherapeutics. They also provide a genetically tractable platform well suited for the study of antitumor immunotherapies in preclinical models. We have previously demonstrated the potency of hESC...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0608
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intermediate progenitor populations play a crucial role in the regional specification and differentiation of the cranial neural crest. On the basis of global gene expression profiles, gene cohort expression levels, and epigenetic modifications, we have defined key factors involved in the differentiation of dental foll...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2010.0180
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with immunosuppressive and trophic support functions. While MSCs from different sources frequently display a similar appearance in culture, they often show differences in their surface marker and gene expression profiles. Although bone marrow is considered th...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2017.0029
更新日期:2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates rapid, stress-induced loss of the inhibitor of differentiation (Id)2 in blastocysts and trophoblast stem cells (TSC), and a lasting differentiation in TSC. However, it is not known if AMPK regulates other potency factors or regulates them before the blastocyst stage. Th...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0352
更新日期:2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Small molecules (SM) can greatly enhance the efficiency of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell generation, but the mechanisms by which they act have not been fully explored. We show here that an SM cocktail (NaB, PD03259, and SB431542) significantly promotes iPS cell generation from human fibroblasts, and NaB is more ...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0650
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a rapid and efficient 5-step program of defined factors for the genesis of brain myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OLs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The OLs emerge on the same time frame in vitro as seen in vivo. Factors promoting neural induction (retinoids, noggin) are required, while exogenous Sonic...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2009.0520
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune suppression is a very stable property of multipotent stromal cells also known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). All cell lines tested showed robust immune suppression not affected by a long culture history. Several mechanisms were described to account for this capability. Since several of the described mechanis...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2013.0433
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past 20 months, reports claiming the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells with characteristics identical to those of embryonic stem (ES) cells from nonembryonic tissue have captured great attention in both the scientific community and the general public. In the light of the continuing controvers...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/scd.2008.0062
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regenerative therapy of the salivary gland (SG) is a promising therapeutic approach for irreversible hyposalivation in patients with head and neck cancer treated by radiotherapy. However, little is known about the molecular regulators of stem/progenitor cell activity and regenerative processes in the SG. Wnt/β-catenin...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2009.0499
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central role of calcium influx and electrical activity in embryonic development raises important questions about the role and regulation of voltage-dependent calcium influx. Using cultured neural progenitor cell (NPC) preparations, we recorded barium currents through voltage-activated channels using the whole-cell...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0234
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The capability to form all cell types of the body is a unique feature of stem cells. However, many questions remain concerning the mechanisms regulating differentiation potential. The derivation of spermatogonial cell lines (SGs) from mouse and human, which can differentiate across germ-layer borders, suggested male g...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2010.0290
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placental abnormalities can cause Pregnancy-Associated Disorders, including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental insufficiency, resulting in complications for both the mother and fetus. Trophoblast cells within the labyrinthine layer of the placenta facilitate the exchange of nutrients, gases, ...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2016.0252
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been used extensively in cancer therapy. However, more than half of glioblastoma multiforme are insensitive to the apoptotic effect of TRAIL. Improvement in therapeutic modalities that enhances the efficacy of TRAIL in glioma is much sought after. In ...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2012.0529
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a cascade of secondary chemical insults, including oxidative stress and glutamate excitotoxicity, which damage host neurons and glia. Transplantation of exogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) has shown promise in enhancing regeneration after SCI, although survival of...
journal_title:Stem cells and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/scd.2015.0389
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00