Abstract：
PURPOSE:Amino-amide or amino-ester local anesthetics, which are currently used for topical ocular anesthesia, are short acting and may delay corneal healing with long-term use. In contrast, site 1 sodium channel blockers (S1SCBs) are potent local anesthetics with minimal adverse tissue reaction. In this study, we examined topical local anesthesia with two S1SCBs, tetrodotoxin (TTX) or saxitoxin (STX) individually or in combination with α2-adrenergic receptor agonists (dexmedetomidine or clonidine), and compared them with the amino-ester ocular anesthetic proparacaine. The effect of test solutions on corneal healing was also studied. METHODS:Solutions of TTX ± dexmedetomidine, TTX ± clonidine, STX ± dexmedetomidine, dexmedetomidine, or proparacaine were applied to the rat cornea. Tactile sensitivity was measured by recording the blink response to probing of the cornea with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. The duration of corneal anesthesia was calculated. Cytotoxicity from anesthetic solutions was measured in vitro. The effect on corneal healing was measured in vivo after corneal debridement followed by repeated drug administration. RESULTS:Addition of dexmedetomidine to TTX or STX significantly prolonged corneal anesthesia beyond that of either drug alone, whereas clonidine did not. Tetrodotoxin or STX coadministered with dexmedetomidine resulted in two to three times longer corneal anesthesia than did proparacaine. S1SCB-dexmedetomidine formulations were not cytotoxic. Corneal healing was not delayed significantly by any of the test solutions. CONCLUSIONS:Coadministration of S1SCBs with dexmedetomidine provided prolonged corneal anesthesia without delaying corneal wound healing. Such formulations may be useful for the management of acute surgical and nonsurgical corneal pain.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
McAlvin JB,Zhan C,Dohlman JC,Kolovou PE,Salvador-Culla B,Kohane DSdoi
10.1167/iovs.15-16591subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
3820-6issue
6eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
2323623journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:The authors took advantage of the Oa1 mutant mouse in combination with other albinism mouse models (i.e., Tyrosinase and membrane-associated transporter protein [Matp]) to study the function of Oa1, the gene mutated in ocular albinism type 1, in the RPE during development and after birth. METHODS:Enzyme activi...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0203
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.13-13121
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1167/iovs.03-1048
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1167/iovs.11-7879
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
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