Severe immunodeficiency disease induced by a defective murine leukaemia virus.

abstract：:Dehydration or desiccation is one of the most frequent and severe challenges to living cells. The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is the best known extremophile among the few organisms that can survive extremely high exposures to desiccation and ionizing radiation, which shatter its genome into hundreds of short DNA...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zahradka K,Slade D,Bailone A,Sommer S,Averbeck D,Petranovic M,Lindner AB,Radman M

更新日期：2006-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% incr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hall-Spencer JM,Rodolfo-Metalpa R,Martin S,Ransome E,Fine M,Turner SM,Rowley SJ,Tedesco D,Buia MC

更新日期：2008-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of properties that contribute to the persistence and resilience of ecosystems despite climate change constitutes a research priority of global relevance. Here we present a novel, empirical approach to assess the relative sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability, one property of resilience th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seddon AW,Macias-Fauria M,Long PR,Benz D,Willis KJ

更新日期：2016-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor NF-kappaB is composed of homodimeric and heterodimeric complexes of Rel/NF-kappaB-family polypeptides, which include Rel-A, c-Rel, Rel-B, NF-kappaB/p50 and NF-kappaB2/p52 . The NF-kappaB1 gene encodes a larger precursor protein, p105, from which p50 is produced constitutively by proteasome-med...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Belich MP,Salmerón A,Johnston LH,Ley SC

更新日期：1999-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The identical structure of two racially distinct alpha 1-globin alleles and the high degree of homology between the alpha 1- and alpha 2-globin loci indicate that mechanisms exist for suppression of allelic polymorphisms and for exchange of genetic information within the alpha-globin gene complex. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liebhaber SA,Goossens M,Kan YW

更新日期：1981-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) regulates the K+ conductance (GK) of the many types of cell membrane. The Ca2+ influx during an action potential activates this [Ca2+]i-linked GK in most neurones. In caffeine-treated sympathetic ganglion cells, however, Ca2+ released from an intracellular Ca2+ reservoir site anal...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morita K,Koketsu K,Kuba K

更新日期：1980-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The human sex chromosomes share a pair of homologous genes which independently encode a cell-surface antigen defined by the monoclonal antibody 12E7 (refs 1, 2; see refs 3, 4 for review). The X-located homologue, MIC2X, escapes X-inactivation and the equivalent Y-located locus, MIC2Y, was one of the first genes shown ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Buckle V,Mondello C,Darling S,Craig IW,Goodfellow PN

更新日期：1985-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The preparation of synthetic molecules showing the remarkable efficiencies characteristic of natural biopolymer catalysts remains a formidable challenge for chemical biology. Although significant advances have been made in the understanding of protein structure and function, the de novo construction of such systems re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Severin K,Lee DH,Kennan AJ,Ghadiri MR

更新日期：1997-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Time is divided by geologists according to marked shifts in Earth's state. Recent global environmental changes suggest that Earth may have entered a new human-dominated geological epoch, the Anthropocene. Here we review the historical genesis of the idea and assess anthropogenic signatures in the geological record aga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lewis SL,Maslin MA

更新日期：2015-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes and mechanisms involved in common complex diseases, such as the autoimmune disorders that affect approximately 5% of the population, remain obscure. Here we identify polymorphisms of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene (CTLA4)--which encodes a vital negative regulatory molecule of the immune system--as can...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ueda H,Howson JM,Esposito L,Heward J,Snook H,Chamberlain G,Rainbow DB,Hunter KM,Smith AN,Di Genova G,Herr MH,Dahlman I,Payne F,Smyth D,Lowe C,Twells RC,Howlett S,Healy B,Nutland S,Rance HE,Everett V,Smink LJ,L

更新日期：2003-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Surgical, pharmacological and genetic lesion studies have revealed distinct anatomical sites involved with different forms of learning. Studies of patients with localized brain damage and work in rodent model systems, for example, have shown that the hippocampal formation participates in acquisition of declarative tas...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dubnau J,Grady L,Kitamoto T,Tully T

更新日期：2001-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:As the extracellular matrix at the original site of a neuromuscular junction seems to play a major part in the specificity of synaptic regeneration, considerable attention has been paid to unique molecules localized to this region. Here we describe an extracellular matrix glycoprotein of the elasmobranch electric orga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Caroni P,Carlson SS,Schweitzer E,Kelly RB

更新日期：1985-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The US Congress is well-known for tucking special provisions for favoured projects into budget bills. David Goldston explains why 'earmarks' for research and development have risen so dramatically in recent years. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goldston D

更新日期：2007-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:When we see motion, our perception of how one image feature moves depends on the behaviour of other features nearby. In particular, the Gestaltists proposed the law of shared common fate, in which features tend to be perceived as moving together, that is, coherently. Recent psychophysical findings, such as the coopera...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yuille AL,Grzywacz NM

更新日期：1988-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen enrichment is widely thought to be responsible for the loss of plant species from temperate terrestrial ecosystems. This view is based on field surveys and controlled experiments showing that species richness correlates negatively with high productivity and nitrogen enrichment. However, as the type of nutrien...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wassen MJ,Venterink HO,Lapshina ED,Tanneberger F

更新日期：2005-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Deep chlorophyll maxima (DCMs) are widespread in large parts of the world's oceans. These deep layers of high chlorophyll concentration reflect a compromise of phytoplankton growth exposed to two opposing resource gradients: light supplied from above and nutrients supplied from below. It is often argued that DCMs are ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huisman J,Pham Thi NN,Karl DM,Sommeijer B

更新日期：2006-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitreoscilla, a filamentous bacterium in the Beggiatoa family, synthesizes a soluble haem-protein which has two identical subunits of relative molecular mass 15,775 and two b haems per molecule. It is synthesized in relatively large quantities when the organism, a strict aerobe, is grown under hypoxic conditions. It f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wakabayashi S,Matsubara H,Webster DA

更新日期：1986-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin is traditionally viewed as a nuclear entity that regulates gene expression and silencing. However, we recently discovered the presence of cytoplasmic chromatin fragments that pinch off from intact nuclei of primary cells during senescence, a form of terminal cell-cycle arrest associated with pro-inflammatory...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dou Z,Ghosh K,Vizioli MG,Zhu J,Sen P,Wangensteen KJ,Simithy J,Lan Y,Lin Y,Zhou Z,Capell BC,Xu C,Xu M,Kieckhaefer JE,Jiang T,Shoshkes-Carmel M,Tanim KMAA,Barber GN,Seykora JT,Millar SE,Kaestner KH,Garcia BA,Ada

更新日期：2017-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:When a spatially uniform temperature change is imposed on a solid with more than one phase, or on a polycrystal of a single, non-cubic phase (showing anisotropic expansion-contraction), the resulting thermal strain is inhomogeneous (non-affine). Thermal cycling induces internal stresses, leading to structural and prop...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ketov SV,Sun YH,Nachum S,Lu Z,Checchi A,Beraldin AR,Bai HY,Wang WH,Louzguine-Luzgin DV,Carpenter MA,Greer AL

更新日期：2015-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Rab GTPases regulate all stages of membrane trafficking, including vesicle budding, cargo sorting, transport, tethering and fusion. In the inactive (GDP-bound) conformation, accessory factors facilitate the targeting of Rab GTPases to intracellular compartments. After nucleotide exchange to the active (GTP-bound) conf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eathiraj S,Pan X,Ritacco C,Lambright DG

更新日期：2005-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Visible-light absorption and transport of the resultant electronic excitations to a reaction centre through Förster resonance energy transfer1-3 (FRET) are critical to the operation of biological light-harvesting systems4, and are used in various artificial systems made of synthetic dyes5, polymers6 or nanodots7,8. Th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lau JA,Chen L,Choudhury A,Schwarzer D,Verma VB,Wodtke AM

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II is believed to control the transition from transcription initiation to elongation. The general transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) contains a kinase activity capable of phosphorylating this domain. Factors that promote the associat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lu H,Zawel L,Fisher L,Egly JM,Reinberg D

更新日期：1992-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:An inhomogeneous superconducting state, not yet conclusively identified, was predicted by Fulde and Ferrell and Larkin and Ovchinnikov (FFLO) to arise in superconductors with strong Pauli limiting, a consequence of the electrons' Zeeman (spin) energy in a magnetic field. Radovan et al. propose that the observed cascad...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Movshovich R,Bianchi A,Capan C,Jaime M,Goodrich RG

更新日期：2004-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The global land and ocean carbon sinks have increased proportionally with increasing carbon dioxide emissions during the past decades1. It is thought that Northern Hemisphere lands make a dominant contribution to the global land carbon sink2-7; however, the long-term trend of the northern land sink remains uncertain. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ciais P,Tan J,Wang X,Roedenbeck C,Chevallier F,Piao SL,Moriarty R,Broquet G,Le Quéré C,Canadell JG,Peng S,Poulter B,Liu Z,Tans P

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. At...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Almeida J,Schobesberger S,Kürten A,Ortega IK,Kupiainen-Määttä O,Praplan AP,Adamov A,Amorim A,Bianchi F,Breitenlechner M,David A,Dommen J,Donahue NM,Downard A,Dunne E,Duplissy J,Ehrhart S,Flagan RC,Franchin A,Guida R

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast radio bursts are mysterious millisecond-duration transients prevalent in the radio sky. Rapid accumulation of data in recent years has facilitated an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of these events. Knowledge gained from the neighbouring fields of gamma-ray bursts and radio pulsars has also of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang B

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human cancer cells typically harbour multiple chromosomal aberrations, nucleotide substitutions and epigenetic modifications that drive malignant transformation. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pilot project aims to assess the value of large-scale multi-dimensional analysis of these molecular characteristics in human c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network.

更新日期：2008-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-assembled polyhedral structures are common in biology. The coats of many viruses, for example, have a structure based on icosahedral symmetry. The preparation of synthetic polyhedral molecular assemblies represents a challenging problem, but supramolecular chemistry has now advanced to the point where the task ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Olenyuk B,Whiteford JA,Fechtenkötter A,Stang PJ

更新日期：1999-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Through their functional diversification, distinct lineages of CD4(+) T cells can act to either drive or constrain immune-mediated pathology. Transcription factors are critical in the generation of cellular diversity, and negative regulators antagonistic to alternate fates often act in conjunction with positive regula...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Roychoudhuri R,Hirahara K,Mousavi K,Clever D,Klebanoff CA,Bonelli M,Sciumè G,Zare H,Vahedi G,Dema B,Yu Z,Liu H,Takahashi H,Rao M,Muranski P,Crompton JG,Punkosdy G,Bedognetti D,Wang E,Hoffmann V,Rivera J,Marincol

更新日期：2013-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The establishment of embryonic polarity is a crucial step in pattern formation and morphogenesis. In the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, embryonic polarity depends primarily on genes expressed in the female during oogenesis. Mutations in these 'maternal effect' genes can lead to major disruptions in normal pattern f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Steward R,McNally FJ,Schedl P

更新日期：1984-09-20 00:00:00