Prey-handling behaviour of Octopus vulgaris (Mollusca, Cephalopoda) on Bivalve preys.

abstract：:Energy acquisition through suckling has been widely studied in rat and human infants. Processes mediating energy conservation, however, have not received the attention that they deserve. This essay, in honor of Professor Jerry Hogan, discusses parallel behaviors used by rat and human mothers to minimize energy loss in...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Blass E

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the effects of repeated extinction and reversals of two conditional stimuli (CS+/CS-) on an appetitive conditioned approach response in rats. Three results were observed that could not be accounted for by a simple linear operator model such as the one proposed by Rescorla and Wagner (1972): (1) responding ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Podlesnik CA,Sanabria F

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The social behavior of a group of twenty hybrid macaques and one M. fascicularis was investigated to determine the patterns of sociality and social integration within the group. Observation focused on the behavior categories of social affiliation and cohesion. Inter-animal proximity, social grooming, and inter-animal ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Williams LE

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social interactions/situations have dramatic influences on motivation. Creating animal models examining these influences promotes a better understanding of the psychological and biological underpinnings of social motivation. Rodents are sensitive to social history/experience during associative conditioning and food-sh...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Douglas HM,Halverstadt BA,Reinhart-Anez P,Webber ES,Cromwell HC

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals that are potential prey do not respond equally to direct and indirect cues related to risk of predation. Based on differential responses to cues, three hypotheses have been proposed to explain spatial variation in vigilance behavior. The predator-vigilance hypothesis proposes that prey increase vigilance where...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Hall LK,Day CC,Westover MD,Edgel RJ,Larsen RT,Knight RN,McMillan BR

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I investigated the effect of a winning or losing experience on the outcome of an individual's next aggressive encounter among captive American Goldfinches (Carduelis tristis ). Aggressive encounters occurring over access to a feeder were videotaped during the winter of 1985-1986. Both dominants and subordinates were m...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Popp JW

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined sex differences in the responses of domestic chicks to novelty and exposure to a startling stimulus. In the first experiment, 7-day-old male and female chicks were placed individually in a novel environment for 10-min periods. After 5 min, half of the chicks were exposed to a loud bell. Male...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Jones RB

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bumble bees were trained to discriminate between two visual patterns, one of which was rewarding (S+) and one of which was unrewarding (S-). Subsequently, they were tested for discrimination between two non-rewarding patterns: the top halves of the training patterns, the bottom halves or the side halves. Three conditi...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Thivierge J,Plowright C,Chan T

更新日期：2002-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:An experiment with rats investigated forgetting of inhibition of delay in the conditioned suppression paradigm. The combined effects of contextual change and retention interval were tested. After a reliable temporal discrimination was reached, half of the rats received a test in the training context after a retention ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Rosas JM,Alonso G

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of size asymmetries between contestants that engage in agonistic interactions at a limited food source were investigated. Rates of agonistic interactions at the experimental food sources were not density-dependent. Most of the interactions concerned dyads either of the same developmental stage or of clo...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Rivault C,Cloarec A

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Domestic chicks selected for high and low locomotor activity in a novel environment have low and high levels of fearfulness, respectively. Using four commonly employed methods of estimating fear, namely emergence, open-field, response to a bell and tonic immobility tests, we found a similar effect in lines of Japanese...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Jones RB,Bessei W,Faure JM

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted an experiment on female Anolis carolinensis lizards to investigate whether social factors influenced their selection of an end-chamber in a test arena. We tested (1) whether characteristics of males previously seen in the end-chambers would influence female choice and (2) whether the presence of other fem...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Stellar JE,White DJ

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individualistic voices are important for establishing personalized relationships among individuals. In young animals, individual vocal identity is affected by permanent changes of the acoustics due to the growth of their vocal apparatus. Different acoustic variables change uncoordinatedly, so vocal individuality shoul...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Lapshina EN,Volodin IA,Volodina EV,Frey R,Efremova KO,Soldatova NV

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated whether rats' responding for liquid-sucrose reinforcement delivered by a progressive-ratio (PR) schedule would be altered by the addition of food-pellet reinforcement available subsequent to the PR schedule. In Experiment 1, six rats lever pressed for 1% sucrose reinforcers delivered by ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Weatherly JN,King BM,Uran EL

更新日期：2003-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The ontogeny of the orientation of the wood-cricket, Nemobius sylvestris, was studied experimentally in a variety of biotopes. In each experimental situation, the straightness of the routes taken by crickets improves with age. These results demonstrate that, depending on the variety of the constraints within each livi...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Beugnon G,Mieulet F,Campan R

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four pigeons were trained to peck a key under different values of a temporally defined independent variable (T) and different probabilities of reinforcement (p). Parameter T is a fixed repeating time cycle and p the probability of reinforcement for the first response of each cycle T. Two dependent variables were used:...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Dembo M,De Penfold JB,Ruiz R,Casalta H

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An eight-rat eight-station operant conditioning arena was used to study the spatial structure and temporal stability of foraging dispersion patterns. Food was obtained by bar pressing as the population was exposed to an ascending series of the fixed and variable aspects of ratio and interval schedules of reinforcement...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Goldstein SR,Johnson P,Ward G

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female and male animals often choose mates based upon the complementarity of their courtship behaviours and preferences. The importance of this fact on the evolutionary dynamics of populations has long been appreciated. What has not been appreciated is the role that social learning might play in the transmission of sy...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Freeberg TM

更新日期：2000-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Weaponry and color badges are commonly theorized to function as visual signals of aggressiveness or fighting ability. However, few studies have supported a signaling function of weaponry, and the role of color in invertebrate competitive interactions remains virtually unexplored. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) make exce...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Tedore C,Johnsen S

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The way animals move through space is likely to affect the way they learn and remember spatial information. For example, a pelagic fish, Astyanax fasciatus, moves freely in vertical and horizontal space and encodes information from both dimensions with similar accuracy. Benthic fish can also move with six degrees of f...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Davis VA,Holbrook RI,Schumacher S,Guilford T,de Perera TB

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The imposition of subordination may negatively impact cognitive performance in common social settings (e.g., the classroom), and likewise, laboratory studies of animals indicate that the stress associated with social defeat can impair cognitive performance. It is less clear whether an animal's predisposition for socia...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Matzel LD,Kolata S,Light K,Sauce B

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychological distance to reward, or the segmentation effect, refers to the preference for a terminal link of a concurrent-chains schedule consisting of a simple reinforcement schedule (e.g. fixed interval [FI] 30s) relative to its chained-schedule counterpart (e.g. chained FI 15s FI 15s). This experiment was conducte...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Doughty AH,Meginley ME,Doughty SS,Lattal KA

更新日期：2004-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:In this otherwise insightful line of investigation, some aspects of rules of thumb (RoT) remain underspecified: their evolution and function, how they are selected for a task, how they are learned, and the dependence of their apparent simplicity on their embodiment and context. Theories of operant and respondent condi...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Sanabria F,Killeen PR

更新日期：2005-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of food deprivation on acquisition of autoshaped operant behavior was measured. In one study separate groups of young, male rats that were deprived to 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, and 95% of ad lib weight were subjected to an autoshaping procedure in which a 6 s delay was interposed between lever retraction (whic...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Sparber SB,Bollweg GL,Messing RB

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo simulations were performed to analyze the degree to which two-, three- and four-step learning histories of losses and gains correlated with escalation and persistence in extended extinction (continuous loss) conditions. Simulated learning histories were randomly generated at varying lengths and composition...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Gilroy SP,Hantula DA

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present research investigated the blocking effect in three different species, rats, humans and snails in formally equivalent tasks using a within-subjects design. Experiment 1 demonstrated the blocking effect in a context-flavour aversive conditioning preparation in rats: Animals failed to associate a flavour with...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Prados J,Alvarez B,Acebes F,Loy I,Sansa J,Moreno-Fernández MM

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Is the imitation faculty one self-contained domain-general mechanism or an amalgamation of multiple content-specific systems? The multiple imitation mechanisms (MIM) hypothesis posits that the imitation faculty consists of distinct content-specific psychological systems that are dissociable both structurally and funct...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Subiaul F

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals show various forms of behavioral thermoregulation to minimize cold stress. Given that higher dominance rank is often associated with increased fitness in group-living animals, higher-ranking individuals may also benefit from better access to thermally optimal spatial positions within huddles. This study examin...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Ishizuka S

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Social learning refers to individuals learning from others, including information gained through indirect social influences, such as the results of others' actions and changes in the physical environment. One method to determine the relative influence of these varieties of information is the 'ghost display', in which ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Hopper LM,Lambeth SP,Schapiro SJ,Whiten A

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined the use and making of tools to obtain foodstuffs in artificial-mound holes by five captive, group-living Sumatran orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii). Three adult orangutans frequently stripped leaves and twigs from a branch provided (tool-making), and then inserted the tool into a hole to ob...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Nakamichi M

更新日期：2004-01-30 00:00:00