Abstract：
:Monte Carlo simulations were performed to analyze the degree to which two-, three- and four-step learning histories of losses and gains correlated with escalation and persistence in extended extinction (continuous loss) conditions. Simulated learning histories were randomly generated at varying lengths and compositions and warranted probabilities were determined using Bayesian Updating methods. Bayesian Updating predicted instances where particular learning sequences were more likely to engender escalation and persistence under extinction conditions. All simulations revealed greater rates of escalation and persistence in the presence of heterogeneous (e.g., both Wins and Losses) lag sequences, with substantially increased rates of escalation when lags comprised predominantly of losses were followed by wins. These methods were then applied to human investment choices in earlier experiments. The Bayesian Updating models corresponded with data obtained from these experiments. These findings suggest that Bayesian Updating can be utilized as a model for understanding how and when individual commitment may escalate and persist despite continued failures.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Gilroy SP,Hantula DAdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-01 00:00:00pages
43-51eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(16)30038-9journal_volume
127pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Adult male Wistar rats were trained to find an escape box in the Barnes maze in order to characterize the extinction process of a learned spatial preference. To do so, once they had fully acquired the spatial task, they were repeatedly exposed to the maze without the escape box. Multiple behavioral measurements (group...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.08.002
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of infants in the communal rearing system of marmosets and tamarins has received little attention although their demands may not be complied by inadequate helpers. As acoustic signalling plays an important role in their social communication, it is expected to be an effective way for infants to signal their de...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(96)00022-8
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Larger groups often have a greater ability to solve cognitive tasks compared to smaller ones or lone individuals. This is well established in social insects, navigating flocks of birds, and in groups of prey collectively vigilant for predators. Research in social insects has convincingly shown that improved cognitive ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.10.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Navigation is an important skill for mobile creatures. One important aspect of navigation is the ability to regain your position (reorient) if you become lost. Over the last 20 years, Marcia Spetch has added substantially to our understanding of reorientation and has advanced the fields of both comparative cognition a...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 传,历史文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2018.12.017
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compared to other megafauna managed in zoos and aquariums, the current state of welfare for the Nile hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) is poorly understood. Complex behavior and physiological characteristics make hippos a difficult species to manage. Thus, hippos in managed care are currently at risk for a decreas...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.07.009
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study demonstrates that humans' response to a single stimulus (S1) is determined by what follows S1's associates. The experiment used a sensory preconditioning (SPC) design where S1 was associated with both S2 and S3 on separate trials before establishing relationships between these latter stimuli with an ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.09.034
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individualistic voices are important for establishing personalized relationships among individuals. In young animals, individual vocal identity is affected by permanent changes of the acoustics due to the growth of their vocal apparatus. Different acoustic variables change uncoordinatedly, so vocal individuality shoul...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.03.011
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) is intermediate host for several cestode species whose final hosts are waterbirds. Previous field studies have shown that brine shrimps infected with cestodes have a bright red colour and are spatially segregated in the water column. However, the etho...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2006.11.002
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The behavioural analysis of human-robot interactions can help in developing socially interactive robots. The current study analyzes human-robot interaction with Theme software and the corresponding pattern detection algorithm. The method is based on the analysis of the temporal structure of the interactions by detecti...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2006.04.001
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preexposures to a punctate stimulus or to an external context were examined for their effect on the competition for associative strength between context and stimulus in subsequent aversive classical conditioning. Using rats as subjects and freezing as the index of conditioned responding, Experiment 1 showed that preex...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(93)90010-O
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to rehearse possible future courses of action in the mind is an important feature of advanced social cognition in humans, and the "social brain" hypothesis implies that it might also be a feature of primate social cognition. We tested two chimpanzees, six orangutans and 63 children aged 3-7 years on a set ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2005.01.009
更新日期：2005-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigate models for animal feeding behaviour, with the aim of improving understanding of how animals organise their behaviour in the short term. We consider three classes of model: hidden Markov, latent Gaussian and semi-Markov. Each can predict the typical 'clustered' feeding behaviour that is generally observe...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.03.014
更新日期：2004-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Poor physical abilities of broilers may prevent them from performing behaviours for which they are motivated. The aim of this study was to measure the influence of physical ability and motivation on the performance of broilers in short physical tasks. We tested birds from a fast- and a slow-growing broiler strain in a...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.03.015
更新日期：2004-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The sequential choice model (SCM) proposes that latencies to accept options presented alone can be used to predict preferences between these options when they are presented simultaneously. SCM has been proposed and tested in experiments where only two alternatives were present. To further challenge the model, we train...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2009.11.010
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely accepted that stationary prey are able to carefully assess the risk levels associated with an approaching predator to make informative decisions on when to escape. However, little is known about subsequent decision-making process. We set out to compare whether escape durations of three species of corvids ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104017
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hungry rats were trained to press one lever for a sucrose solution and another for food pellets on a concurrent schedule. The contingency between lever pressing and reinforcement was then reduced by delivering either free sucrose solution or free food pellets. The non-contingent schedule resulted in a greater reductio...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(89)90039-9
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of cognitive ability in farm animals are valuable, not only because they provide indicators of the commonality of comparative influence, but understanding farm animal cognition may also aid in management and treatment procedures. Here, eight dwarf goats (Capra hircus) learned a series of 10 visual four-choice ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2008.07.004
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three pigeons were exposed for 22 sessions to a variant of a multiple variable-time 1-min extinction reinforcement schedule in the presence of a white key. A 1.5-s stimulus change (red) preceded each 1-min component during which food was delivered and a 1.5-s stimulus change (green) preceded each extinction component....
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(90)90025-B
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In temperate songbirds, song has traditionally been considered a vocalization mainly produced by males. However, in many temperate species, it is now recognized that both males and females produce song. The function and structure of male black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) fee-bee song have been well-studied...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.05.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decades, traffic noise has become a new challenge for efficient animal communication and several studies suggest that it is involved in population declines. Although poorly investigated in a traffic noise context, communication is generally multimodal, which can be viewed as a way to improve communication ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.08.007
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two experiments, pigeons' responding to a visual flicker-rate continuum was established by a maintained generalization procedure. For both experiments, variable-interval reinforcement was available for responses during stimuli from one half of the stimulus continuum while responses during other stimuli were extingu...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(88)90007-1
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experiment with rats investigated forgetting of inhibition of delay in the conditioned suppression paradigm. The combined effects of contextual change and retention interval were tested. After a reliable temporal discrimination was reached, half of the rats received a test in the training context after a retention ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(96)00045-9
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nearly all species of sexually dimorphic ungulates sexually segregate. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including the social-factors hypothesis (SFH) and the predation hypothesis (PH). Interestingly, previous studies have accepted and rejected each hypothesis within and across species ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.01.003
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organismal performance can be significantly affected by the nutritional conditions experienced during different life-stages. The Silver Spoon Hypothesis predicts that individuals will always perform better as adults when they experience advantageous conditions during development. In contrast, the Environmental Matchin...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.008
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The life cycle of commercially used molluscicidal rhabditid nematodes Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita and entomopathogenic steinernematid nematodes is similar: infective stages carry symbiotic bacteria, which kill their host. Nematodes complete their life cycle feeding on the proliferating symbiont and the host tissue. ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2008.09.012
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the main factors that allow the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) to live in cities may be the availability of supplemental food provided by people. In this article, preferences of red squirrels in relation to supplemental food, how it is handled, and whether change seasonally, is investigated. A cafeteria test w...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104153
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a promising model organism for affective or cognitive neuroscience research, and may be useful to study the interplay between memory and anxiety-related states. To assess the effects of acute psychological stress on spatial and cued memory, adult zebrafish were trained in an ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.04.004
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, Hursh and Silberberg (2008) have advanced a behavior-economic approach to measure the value of reinforcers, in which demand elasticity is measured relative to the point at which price is zero, a technique that allows for comparisons across reinforcers that show different consumption patterns or across differ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.01.007
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased cooperation in groups that are allowed to communicate (engage in "cheap talk") has been attributed to reputation-building and to cultural norms or culturally normal behavior. We tested these two theories by exposing groups of undergraduates to a public-goods social dilemma. Five groups were permitted to comm...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.06.001
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Convergent evidence in literature shows that rapid disruption of maternal care and breastfeeding due to an early weaning protocol changes the development of several neurobehavioral patterns in rodents, including the circadian pattern of feeding. The serotoninergic system has been associated with the control of feeding...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103981
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
