Abstract:
:Closed-circuit television (CCTV) footage is used in criminal investigations to compare perpetrators with suspects. Usually, incomplete gait cycles are collected, making evidential gait analysis challenging. This study aimed to analyze the discriminatory power of joint angles throughout a gait cycle. Six sets from 12 men were collected. For each man, a variability range VR (mean ± 1SD) of a specific joint angle at a specific time point (a gait cycle was 100 time points) was calculated. In turn, each individual was compared with the 11 others, and whenever 1 of these 11 had a value within this individual’s VR, it counted as positive. By adding the positives throughout the gait cycle, we created simple bar graphs; tall bars indicated a small discriminatory power, short bars indicated a larger one. The highest discriminatory power was at time points 60–80 in the gait cycle. We show how our data can assess gait data from an actual case.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Yang SX,Larsen PK,Alkjær T,Simonsen EB,Lynnerup Ndoi
10.1111/1556-4029.12322subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-03-01 00:00:00pages
494-504issue
2eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This paper reports the case of a 22-year-old white male who was found dead in a storage room as a result of a fatal ingestion of cyclopropane. Cyclopropane is a sweet-smelling, irritating gas. Autopsy findings revealed congestion and hemorrhagic edema of the lungs, congestion of the trachea, and early autolysis. Cyclo...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papaveris pericarpium, a natural source of morphine and codeine, is the principal active component in many antitussive traditional Chinese medicines. We herein report the first PK study of papaveris pericarpium in human plasma and urine following oral administration of single (15, 30, 60 mL) and multiple dose (15 mL) ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13696
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beginning of latent fingerprint development on porous surface was first achieved by silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) method. But the significantly increasing cost has caused forensic experts to look for an alternative means. Silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) is the main component in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, namely silve...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14664
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Mouth alcohol, if present in high enough concentrations, can falsely bias the accurate measurement of end-expiratory breath alcohol. Mouth alcohol will be eliminated over time, however, and can be modeled with a single term decaying exponential of the form: B0e-kt + C. It is important, however, to determine the model ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper documents the 36-year history, with five examples, of fatal road rage in Marion County, Oregon. Relevant details (all that were available) from each case are presented. Alcohol intoxication was present in four of our five cases. We include two deaths by gunshot at close range, two deaths as a result of a mo...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bloodhounds are used to trail fleeing felons and missing persons. In order to start a trail, the dog must be presented with a person's scent. There are many hypotheses on what a bloodhound smells while trailing. The present study attempts to identify whether human scent is genetic, and if it is influenced by one's env...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00231.x
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele and genotype frequencies for three recently described short tandem repeat loci D1S1656, D12S391, and D18S535 were determined in a population sample from Asturias (North Spain). The loci were amplified using a fluorescence based PCR method and were typed automatically. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectatio...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmies are detected, they often confound forensic identification, especially if they are the result of poor biological sampling. In this study, we determined the ratio of heteroplasmy in samples that were amplified from a very small amount of template mtDNA or a few cells using a...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00655.x
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We consider a hypothetical series of cases in which the DNA profile of a crime-scene sample is found to match a known profile in a DNA database (i.e., a "cold hit"), resulting in the identification of a suspect based only on genetic evidence. We show that the average probability that there is another person in the pop...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00917.x
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seals are traditionally used in the Far East Asia to stamp an impression on a document in place of a signature. In this study, an accuser claimed that a personal contract regarding mining development rights acquired by a defendant was devolved to the accuser because the defendant stamped the devolvement contract in th...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12502
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jet-propelled personal watercraft (PWC) or jet-skis have become increasingly popular. The means of propulsion of PWC, which is a jet of water forced out of small nozzle at the rear of the craft, combined with a high risk of falling off of the seat and into close proximity with the water jet stream, raise the potential...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02250.x
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dextromethorphan is a commonly encountered antitussive medication which has found additional therapeutic use in the treatment of pseudobulbar disorder and as an adjunct to opiate use in pain management. Dextromethorphan at high doses has phencyclidine-like effects on the NMDA receptor system; recreational use of high ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02133.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Air embolism may rarely cause sudden death during or shortly after pregnancy. Certain obstetric techniques, douching procedures, and blowing air into the vagina have been associated with this phenomenon. A case of venous air embolism in a pregnant woman occurring during sexual intercourse in a rear entry position is p...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Short tandem repeat (STR) loci amplified by PCR are known as a useful tool for individual identification and paternity testing. Direct PCR amplification from small amounts of whole blood is a rapid and convenient method for population screening for STR and VNTR markers. The allele frequencies of the vWF locus were det...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the identification of a merchant mariner who perished in 1948 when Northwest Airlines Flight 4422, a DC-4 carrying 24 seamen and six crew members crashed into Mount Sanford, Alaska. Fifty-one years later, a human forearm and hand were found close by the wreckage of the plane, prompting identifica...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01356.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larvae of Parasarcophaga ruficornis (Fabricius) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) were reared on tissues from rabbits administered different dosages of methamphetamine to study the effects of this drug on development of this species. The rabbits were given 37.5, 71.4, and 142.9 mg of methamphetamine via ear vein infusion. From...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated both site dependent differences and time dependent changes in postmortem morphine concentrations in man. In 32 deaths involving morphine, left ventricular blood, femoral blood, and cisternal cerebrospinal fluid, were collected as soon after death as possible (T1), and collected again together with...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an apparent diversity of opinion with respect to the probative value of hair in the United Kingdom and in North America. A questionnaire was devised and widely circulated in an attempt to discover the reasons behind this diversity and to seek the views of a broad range of hair examiners. This paper reports on...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Absorption extraction on diatomaceous earth was examined and found to be compatible with typical postmortem blood specimens encountered in forensic toxicology. The effects of solvent, solvent volume, eluate flow rate, and pH on drug recovery and extract quality were investigated. It was concluded that the best method ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In late June 1990, the Mono County Sheriffs Department in Bridgeport, CA contacted the Physical Anthropology Human Identification Laboratory (PAHIL) at California State University, Chico to seek assistance in the identification of a recently discovered skull. To assist with possible identification, the cranium receive...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The information inherent in cigarette ash in the form of trace-metal concentrations may be of use in a forensic context as it can indicate the brand from which the ash originated. This knowledge might help place suspects at crime scenes or determine how many people may have been present. To develop and test statistica...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13040
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RSID-saliva test and the SALIgAE-saliva test are two recently developed forensic saliva detection kits. In this study, we compared the sensitivity and the specificity of the two test kits with the Phadebas amylase test by analyzing amylases from various sources including human, animals, plants, and micro-organism....
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00814.x
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal cortical pallor was studied as a potential marker at autopsy of diabetic ketoacidosis in 23 cases, hyperglycemic nonketotic coma in eight cases, and alcoholic ketoacidosis in five cases (vitreous humor glucose level≥11.1 mM; β-hydroxybutyrate level≥5 mM). Renal cortical pallor was noted on macroscopic examinatio...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12102
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forensic psychiatrists should be aware of the many ways that paranoid individuals may present within the legal system. Litigious paranoids often utilize the legal system as a vehicle to act out their fantasies and delusional preoccupations. Imaginary grievances, accusations based on delusional ideation, and irrational...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many epidemiological, clinical, and autopsy studies have demonstrated that the risk of sudden coronary death (SCD) is linked to the severity of coronary atherosclerotic lesions and to their thrombotic potential. However it remains unknown why some individuals manifest no clinical evidence of coronary disease until the...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen deaths associated with the use of the Taser were examined. All involved young males who had a history of abuse of controlled substances; all but three were under the influence of cocaine, phencyclidine [phenylcyclohexylpiperidine (PCP)], or amphetamine. All were behaving in a bizarre or unusual fashion which n...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol concentrations were measured in femoral venous blood in deaths attributed to acute alcohol poisoning (N = 693) or chronic alcoholism (N = 825), according to the forensic pathology report. Among acute alcohol poisonings were 529 men (76%) with mean age 53 years and 164 women (24%) with mean age 53 years. In the...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nosocomial infections have become a major issue of public health and lead to an increasing number of suits for damages. We present a rare case of Aspergillus contamination during cardiac surgery, describe the medicolegal investigation, and present the new system for compensation of bodily injury after nosocomial infec...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13328
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, there has been a growing openness about the importance of human factors in forensic work. However, most of it focused on cognitive bias, and neglected issues of workplace wellness and stress. Forensic scientists work in a dynamic environment that includes common workplace pressures such as worklo...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13533
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of a physical anthropologist to a forensic investigation is generally associated with analysis of skeletal remains in a laboratory. This case, which deals with the identification of two U.S. journalists who disappeared in Guatemala in March 1985, shows that the observations of a physical anthropologis...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00