Abstract:
:Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures slow hemodynamic signals noninvasively to indirectly infer the neuronal activity in the brain. However, it remains a controversy on whether this optical measurement technique can detect the optical neuronal signal, which reflects the optical changes directly associated with neuronal activity, within the visual cortex of human and non-human primates. By carefully reviewing the important factors in the detection of optical neuronal signals, we aim to investigate the feasibility of performing NIRS measurements of optical neuronal signals within the visual cortex in humans. To ensure a strong optical neuronal response, a full-field circular black and white reversing checkerboard stimulus was presented, and the reversal frequency was carefully chosen. We used a homemade continuous wave (CW) NIRS system with high detection sensitivity (of the order of 0.1 pW) to record a large area of the visual cortex (approximately 6 × 14 cm(2)). EEG was simultaneously acquired with the optical signal. Based on the mathematical morphology, we adapted the filter proposed by Gratton et al. to remove the influence of arterial pulsation and facilitate the detection and elimination of unknown artifacts from the data. We obtained reliable optical neuronal signals in 77% of the participants (10 out of 13). The amplitudes (latencies) of the obtained optical neuronal signals corresponding to the 785 and 850 nm wavelengths were 0.017 ± 0.003% (94.7 ± 8.4 ms) and 0.025 ± 0.006% (99.0 ± 7.7 ms), respectively. There were no significant differences between the latencies of the N75 component of the visual evoked potential (VEP) and optical neuronal signals at either wavelength. This is the first study to report optical neuronal signals within the visual cortex in the intact human brain using a CW NIRS system. These results indicate the feasibility of measuring noninvasive optical neuronal signals using a CW NIRS system with high detection sensitivity.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Sun B,Zhang L,Gong H,Sun J,Luo Qdoi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-02-15 00:00:00pages
190-8eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053-8119(13)01094-Xjournal_volume
87pub_type
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