Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Parts A and B of the ICH S7 guidelines on safety pharmacology describe the in vivo studies that must be conducted prior to first time in man administration of any new pharmaceutical. ICH S7A requires a consideration of the sensitivity and reproducibility of the test systems used. This could encompass maintaining a dataset of historical pre-dose values, power analyses, as well as a demonstration of acceptable model sensitivity and robust pharmacological validation. During the process of outsourcing safety pharmacology studies to Charles River Laboratories, AstraZeneca set out to ensure that models were performed identically in each facility and saw this as an opportunity to review the inter-laboratory variability of these essential models. METHODS:The five in vivo studies outsourced were the conscious dog telemetry model for cardiovascular assessment, the rat whole body plethysmography model for respiratory assessment, the rat modified Irwin screen for central nervous system assessment, the rat charcoal meal study for gastrointestinal assessment and the rat metabolic cage study for assessment of renal function. Each study was validated with known reference compounds and data were compared across facilities. Statistical power was also calculated for each model. RESULTS:The results obtained indicated that each of the studies could be performed with comparable statistical power and could achieve a similar outcome, independent of facility. DISCUSSION:The consistency of results obtained from these models across multiple facilities was high thus providing confidence that the models can be run in different facilities and maintain compliance with ICH S7A and B.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methodsauthors
Ewart L,Milne A,Adkins D,Benjamin A,Bialecki R,Chen Y,Ericsson AC,Gardner S,Grant C,Lengel D,Lindgren S,Lowing S,Marks L,Moors J,Oldman K,Pietras M,Prior H,Punton J,Redfern WS,Salmond R,Skinner M,Some M,Stantodoi
10.1016/j.vascn.2013.04.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
30-43issue
1eissn
1056-8719issn
1873-488Xpii
S1056-8719(13)00248-7journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of certain diseases, L-type calcium channel antagonism can result in unwanted off-target pharmacology leading to adverse drug reactions and to the termination of the development of otherwise promising compounds. In the present study three marketed calciu...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2016.11.002
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The pig is one of the most valuable in vivo models in biomedical research, however with only a few well-accessible veins suitable for venipuncture. Moreover, most of the known methods of blood collection are suitable only for a limited time period. The aim of the study was to verify an improved method of l...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106584
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recent EU/US pediatric legislation and FDA/EMEA guidelines recognize the potential differences in safety profiles of drugs in adults versus young patients. Hence safety studies are recommended to investigate key functional domains of e.g. the developing CNS. METHODS:Selected psychoactive stimulants (caffe...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2008.06.001
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acetylcholine-evoked relaxation of rabbit isolated thoracic aorta precontracted by phenylephrine was studied. Phenylephrine caused a steady contraction that was maintained for 6 h. In the presence of calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and ascorbic acid the contraction decreased with time. N(G)-Nit...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(99)00035-0
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have examined the effects of the general anesthetic agents for the excision of the heart on the hemodynamic function of the ischemic perfused heart. Animals were divided into three groups. In one group rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneally. Animals of the second and...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(93)90049-k
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The method of determination of the minute excretion of tubular epithelial cells renders it possible to investigate the course of the nephrotoxic effect of the toxin by the influence of which excretion of tubular round epithelial cells is increased. The nephrotoxic effect of repeated administration of amphotericin B (1...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(96)00126-8
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli produces a heat-stable (STa) enterotoxin that belongs to a family of peptides that mediate several diarrheal diseases, including traveler's diarrhea and epidemic diarrhea in infants and newborns. The STa enterotoxin consists of 18 or 19 amino acids and is encoded by genes specified on a transposon. In...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(92)90049-7
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:IonWorks automated patch clamp systems are being widely used for ion channel drug discovery, but the perforated patch mode of these systems makes it difficult to obtain a steady intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)). This difficulty prevents obtaining high-quality data regarding Ca(2+)-activated...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2012.10.005
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of 3H-paroxetine as a ligand for quantitative autoradiography of serotonin (5-HT) transport sites was optimized, and the distribution of 3H-paroxetine binding sites in rat brain was studied. Under the conditions described, 3H-paroxetine binding in forebrain sections was of high affinity and saturable, with a K...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(92)90043-z
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A large number of drugs from a variety of pharmacological classes have been demonstrated to cause adverse effects on cardiac rhythm, including the life-threatening arrhythmia Torsades de Pointes. These side effects are often associated with prolongation of the QT interval and are mediated via blockade of t...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2006.09.003
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolated perfused mammalian heart preparation was established in 1897 by Oscar Langendorff. The method was developed on the basis of the isolated perfused frog heart established by Elias Cyon at the Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology in Leipzig, Germany in 1866. Observations made using both methods at the end of ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2006.05.006
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In this paper the activity of cytoplasmatic antioxidant enzymes after multiple freeze-thaw cycles of samples of cytoplasm was assayed in order to characterise the limits that would be necessary to impose on experimental design. METHODS:The activities of antioxidant enzymes in samples of rat liver cytoplas...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2005.03.002
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we review the value and utility of the minipig as an animal model in regulatory toxicity testing. Our review is based on detailed consideration of the comparative biology of the minipig, and of the practical features of toxicity testing in the minipig. The minipig presents a favourable profile as a non...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2010.05.009
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many xenobiotics cause hepatobiliary toxicity and cholestasis in the rat. Initial assessment of hepatobiliary damage in rats can be accomplished by measuring serum concentrations of bile acids and bilirubin, serum activities of liver-associated enzymes such as 5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltrans...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(94)90024-8
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Implantable telemetry enables continuous monitoring of physiological functions in freely moving animals and can greatly complement pharmacological research. Despite its miniaturization, a sensor/transmitter constitutes 5% or more of a mouse's bodyweight. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2017.02.002
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seizures are amongst the most frequent neurological issues encountered in pre-clinical safety testing. The objective was to characterize EEG morphologies and premonitory signs in drug-induced seizures in preclinical species. A comparative (inter-species) retrospective analysis for drug-induced seizures recorded by vid...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106611
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small interfering RNA (siRNA) directs the targeted destruction of mRNA encoding a specific protein, in a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). This stops translation of the targeted mRNA into protein, effectively silencing the gene. RNAi is a recent discovery, identified in mammalian cells in 2001, but it has rapi...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2004.08.012
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There has been an increasing need to conduct investigative safety pharmacology studies to complement regulatory-required studies, particularly as it applies to a comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk. METHODS:We describe refined methodology using a combination of telemetry and direct signal...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2016.05.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An HPLC method is described using conductimetric detection for the quantitative determination of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of conscious rabbits. This method enabled the four cations to be estimated with rapidity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The mean mil...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(93)90057-l
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need for short-term, reliable and reproducible animal model of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in small animals like mice. This study was aimed to establish the 9 exposures of cerulein-induced CP in mice. Repeated intraperitoneal cerulein injections were performed at 6 consecutive doses (50 μg/kg)/day, 3 days a w...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2019.01.002
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Multiple cardiac ion channels are prone to block by pharmaceutical compounds, and this can have large implications for cardiac safety. The effect of a compound on individual ion currents can now be measured in automated patch clamp screening assays. In-silico action potential models are proposed as one way...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2015.05.002
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the present study, a model was developed to determine the effect of secretase inhibition on beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of freely moving adult rats. METHODS:Rats were chronically implanted with a cannula into the cisterna magna and CSF samples were collected at ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2005.02.002
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Understanding the appropriate application of telemetry and other technologies for nonclinical investigation of functional safety issues in the context of ongoing toxicology evaluations is a current industry challenge. One major issue is related to the potential impact of surgical implantation of a telemetr...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2013.02.006
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Terfenadine, cisapride, and E-4031, three drugs that prolong ventricular repolarization, were selected to evaluate the sensitivity of the conscious chronic atrioventricular node--ablated, His bundle-paced Dog for defining drug induced cardiac repolarization prolongation. A novel predictive pharmacokinetic/...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2005.02.003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the application of a Microplate Filtration System (MFS) to a binding assay, with the results being compared to those obtained with a conventional 24-Well Filtration Manifold (24WFM). The data reported here characterize the PAF receptor on rabbit platelet membranes using [3H]apafant. The results ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(96)00074-3
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pre-marketing testing of drugs and chemicals is now a paradigm of contribution to the safeguard of public health. As pointed out by the ICH concept paper E14/S7B, there is a need for science-based frameworks that allow a better design, conduction, and interpretation of nonclinical and toxicity tests, particularly,...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106684
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (JPTM). We highlight here the content derived from the recent 2016 Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS), Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (CSPT), and J...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/j.vascn.2017.04.012
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most commonly employed techniques for the in vivo measurement of arterial blood flow to individual organs involve the use of flow probes or sensors. Commercially available systems for the measurement of in vivo blood flow can be divided into two categories: ultrasonic and electromagnetic. Two types of ultrasonic p...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(00)00123-4
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) catalyze the oxidation of a diverse array of xenobiotic compounds. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a specific immunological probe to human hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase (HLFMO3). An oligopetide corresponding to amino acid residues 257-270 of HLFMO3 was...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(97)00012-9
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the rapid assay of norepinephrine (NE) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in the mouse brain, we developed a simple method using isocratic HPLC with coulometric detection. This method permits NE and MHPG assay within 5 min in one chromatographic run. Within-run coefficients of variati...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1056-8719(94)90060-4
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00