Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:In this paper the activity of cytoplasmatic antioxidant enzymes after multiple freeze-thaw cycles of samples of cytoplasm was assayed in order to characterise the limits that would be necessary to impose on experimental design. METHODS:The activities of antioxidant enzymes in samples of rat liver cytoplasm were evaluated after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 15 freeze-thaw cycles. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was determined by standard methods developed for this purpose. RESULTS:The most resistant against freeze-thaw stress was catalase; even 15 freeze-thaw cycles did not change its activity. The remaining enzymes tested revealed a significant loss in their activity after 4-5 freeze-thaw cycles. The most sensitive was glutathione S-tranferase; its activity was significantly decreased after 3 thaw cycles. DISCUSSION:The data presented may be helpful in designing experiments in which assay of antioxidant enzymes is a part.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methodsauthors
Murias M,Rachtan M,Jodynis-Liebert Jdoi
10.1016/j.vascn.2005.03.002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-09-01 00:00:00pages
302-5issue
2eissn
1056-8719issn
1873-488Xpii
S1056-8719(05)00032-8journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract：INTRODUCTION:Majority of the work for establishing nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine models in animals was done in rats, though recently some studies in mice were also reported. Different special formulations of NTG were investigated in various studies; however, NTG treated groups were often compared to simple salin...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.09.006
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Most preclinical trials are designed to identify potential torsadogenicity test only for surrogates of torsade de pointes, most commonly prolongation of the heart rate corrected QT interval (QTc). This study was conducted to determine which correction method best accounts for the effects of changes in the ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2005.04.013
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Ex vivo studies of human fetal hepatic drug metabolism are uncommon as it requires access to functional liver tissue and therefore raises practical and ethical concerns. Large animal models provide an alternative opportunity to study changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity in the mother and fetus during ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106934
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The ICH S7B guidelines recommend that all new chemical entities should be subjected to hERG repolarization screening due to its association with life-threatening "Torsades de Pointes" (TdP) arrhythmia. However, it has become evident that not all hERG channel inhibitors result in TdP and not all compounds t...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2016.06.004
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Heart rate affects coronary flow, but the mechanism is complex. The relationship between rhythm and flow is unclear, especially in experimental settings used for determining drug actions. The present study examined whether ventricular irregularity influences coronary flow independently of heart rate. METH...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.10.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the rapid assay of norepinephrine (NE) and its major metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in the mouse brain, we developed a simple method using isocratic HPLC with coulometric detection. This method permits NE and MHPG assay within 5 min in one chromatographic run. Within-run coefficients of variati...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(94)90060-4
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of animal models is an essential part of medical research and drug development. The essential skills required to be able to do such research includes experimental design, statistical analysis and the actual handling and treating of the animals (in vivo skills). The number of students in the U.K. receiving trai...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2011.07.002
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A radioimmunoassay of the undecapeptide substance P (SP) and its application in rabbit lung superfusate has been developed. The assay was based on the use of a radioactive tracer, 125I-SP-Tyr8, which showed, with an excess of antibodies, a specific binding greater than 90% and a nonspecific binding lower than 2%. This...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00012-4
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs) 8 and 9 are homologous, cytoplasmic postproline-cutting enzymes, which have similar enzymatic activity and preferred substrates as DPP4. DPP4 is a well-known target for treating diabetes mellitus. With the increased concern of non-selectivity and toxicities caused by DPP4 inhib...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2014.11.002
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wipe sampling procedure followed by a simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of six cytotoxic drugs: 5-fluorouracil (5FU), doxorubicin (DOXO), epirubicin (EPI), ifosfamide (IF), cyclophosphamide (CP) an...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2019.106652
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Undesired immune responses against protein therapeutics may adversely affect the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of the product. The presence of anti-drug-antibodies (ADA) has been the key determinant of immunogenic responses. Here we describe the use of a capillary electrophoresis platform for the identificati...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106872
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative importance of the discipline of safety pharmacology (which integrates physiology, pharmacologyand toxicology) has evolved since the incorporation of the Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) as an entity on August 10, 2000. Safety pharmacology (SP), as a synthesis of these other fields of knowledge, is concer...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.05.013
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of angiotensin II (AII) receptor binding often necessitates freezing of the tissue of interest prior to assay of radioligand binding. This study evaluated the effects of freezing of various rat tissues at different rates on 125I-sarcosine1, isoleucine8 angiotensin II (125I-SI AII) binding to AII receptor su...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(94)00061-8
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolated perfused mammalian heart preparation was established in 1897 by Oscar Langendorff. The method was developed on the basis of the isolated perfused frog heart established by Elias Cyon at the Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology in Leipzig, Germany in 1866. Observations made using both methods at the end of ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2006.05.006
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small interfering RNA (siRNA) directs the targeted destruction of mRNA encoding a specific protein, in a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). This stops translation of the targeted mRNA into protein, effectively silencing the gene. RNAi is a recent discovery, identified in mammalian cells in 2001, but it has rapi...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.08.012
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity for predicting the liability of a compound to lengthen QTc using isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts (Langendorff preparation). METHODS:QTc (Fridericia correction) was calculated from bipolar transventricular electrograms. Hearts ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2003.08.003
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays are widely used in basic and applied research (Lander, E.S., (1999). Array of hope. Nature Genetics 21, 3-4; Lockhart, D.J. & Winzeler, E.A. (2000) Genomics, gene expression and DNA arrays. Nature 405, 827-836.) The need for a significant amount of starting RNA has li...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2005.02.004
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormal water barrier function occurs in irritated skin and certain cutaneous diseases. Methods have been compared for separating the epidermis (site of the barrier) from the whole skin without disturbing the barrier function. The epidermis was separated from newborn rat skin by (1) exposure to 10% trypsin at 4 degre...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00044-6
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potentiation of the antinociceptive effect of morphine by dipyrone (metamizol) and the possible participation of a peripheral mechanism on such synergism were studied with the use of the formalin test in the rat. Nociception was induced by the intraplantar injection of diluted formalin (1%) in the right hind paw. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(00)00046-0
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The standard Ficoll-Hypaque method used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) gives very variable results when used with cynomolgus monkey blood. We have improved the method by using special cell processing tubes (CP-tubes), originally developed for clinical use. METHODS:Blood samples were ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.04.003
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulation of brain temperature during and after cerebral ischemia plays an important role in the evolution of neuronal damage. Therefore, it is essential to maintain brain temperature at 37 degrees C during and after the ischemic insult. To get information about brain temperature during the experimental procedure, re...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(92)90016-t
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An HPLC method is described using conductimetric detection for the quantitative determination of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of conscious rabbits. This method enabled the four cations to be estimated with rapidity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The mean mil...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(93)90057-l
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Computational methods have been widely applied to toxicology across pharmaceutical, consumer product and environmental fields over the past decade. Progress in computational toxicology is now reviewed. METHODS:A literature review was performed on computational models for hepatotoxicity (e.g. for drug-indu...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2013.12.003
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:MEKK1 is a 196-kDa serine-threonine kinase activated in response to a variety of stimuli, including EGF, lysophosphatidic acid, osmotic stress, UV light, and microtubule toxins. However, there are few reports about the expression level of MEKK1 in cancers. METHODS:In this report, a direct competitive ELIS...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2004.08.004
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Fosmidomycin is a phosphonic acid derivative originally isolated as a natural antibiotic from Streptomyces lavendulae. It was originally used as an antibiotic, and later on as an antimalarial drug. A simple, sensitive, selective and reproducible bioassay based on colorimetric method was developed for the d...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2010.02.012
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the application of a Microplate Filtration System (MFS) to a binding assay, with the results being compared to those obtained with a conventional 24-Well Filtration Manifold (24WFM). The data reported here characterize the PAF receptor on rabbit platelet membranes using [3H]apafant. The results ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1056-8719(96)00074-3
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sensitive and precise gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method with selected ion monitoring has been developed for determination of ketamine in the brain using chlorpheniramine as an internal standard. The assay is based on the acid extraction of brain homogenate with hexane and ethyl ether with subsequent alkali...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1056-8719(99)00023-4
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple ECG analysis strategies are used in safety pharmacology in a framework focused on accurate ECG complex interval quantification and arrhythmia detection. Automated arrhythmia detection is commonly used in the clinic and adapted tools may be used to facilitate analysis of large non-clinical datasets in safety p...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2010.06.005
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:An increase in striatal dopamine is considered essential for the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse. We have developed and validated an ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of dopamine in rat brain extracellular fluid (...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2015.06.002
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Load-independent cardiac parameters obtained from the ventricular pressure-volume relationship are recognized as gold standard indexes for evaluating cardiac inotropy. In this study, for better analyses of cardiac risks, load-independent pressure-volume loop parameters were assessed in addition to load-dep...
journal_title：Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.vascn.2016.10.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
