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Molecular cloning and genomic characterization of novel leptin-like genes in salmonids provide new insight into the evolution of the Leptin gene family.

Abstract：

:In the current study we describe the identification of novel leptin B homologous gene/s in the four salmonid species Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Homology modeling of Salmo salar (Ss) LepB1/B2 suggests that the protein satisfies parameters as long-chain four helical cytokine family and that the basic structural pattern of the protein follows that of human leptin (Zhang et al., 1997). Importantly, the docking studies suggested the SsLepB has binding affinity to the AA residues that identify the leptin binding and FNIII domains of the SsLep receptor (Rønnestad et al., 2010). Phylogenetic analyses support that LepB paralogs have most probably originated by 4R whole genome duplication (WGD) before speciation of the salmonid lineages. LepB1 and LepB2 genes are both present in the two closest relatives, the Atlantic salmon and the brown trout, while rainbow trout and charr have only preserved the long LepB1 variant in their genome. We have defined the sites of SsLepB mRNA expression at key life stages in Atlantic salmon and found that SsLepB1 and SsLepB2, although to different extent, were expressed in redundant and mostly complementary fashion in brain and gills throughout the lifecycle, suggesting that this pair of paralogs is likely undergoing early stages of subfunctionalization. Furthermore, we have quantified the expression profiles of SsLepB genes and of other two recently duplicated salmon leptins (SsLepA1, SsLepA2) during early development and show evidence that in fish, as in mammals and amphibians, leptin could play important roles in growth and development. This study provides an essential groundwork to further elucidate structural and functional evolution of this important hormone in salmonids as well as in other teleosts.

journal_name

Gen Comp Endocrinol

journal_title

General and comparative endocrinology

authors

Angotzi AR,Stefansson SO,Nilsen TO,Rathore RM,Rønnestad I

doi

10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.03.022

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-06-15 00:00:00

pages

48-59

eissn

0016-6480

issn

1095-6840

pii

S0016-6480(13)00154-8

journal_volume

187

pub_type

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Molecular cloning and genomic characterization of novel leptin-like genes in salmonids provide new insight into the evolution of the Leptin gene family.