Abstract：
:Vascular malformations and hemangiomas are common in children but remain a source of confusion during diagnosis, in part because of the lack of a uniform terminology. With the existing treatments for hemangiomas and vascular malformations, it is important to make the correct diagnosis initially to prevent adverse physical and emotional sequelae in not only the child but also the family. The diagnosis of vascular malformations is made primarily by the clinician and based on the physical exam. Imaging is carried out using predominantly ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which are complementary modalities. In most cases of vascular anomalies, US is the first line of imaging as it is readily available, less expensive, lacks ionizing radiation and does not require sedation. MRI is also of great help for further characterizing the lesions. Conventional arteriography is reserved for cases that require therapeutic intervention, more commonly for arteriovenous malformations. Radiographs usually play no role in diagnosing vascular anomalies in children. In this article, the author describes the terminology and types of hemangiomas and vascular malformations and their clinical, histological features, as well as the imaging approach and appearance.
journal_name
Pediatr Radioljournal_title
Pediatric radiologyauthors
Restrepo Rdoi
10.1007/s00247-012-2584-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
S141-54eissn
0301-0449issn
1432-1998journal_volume
43 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) often undergo MRI studies to assess brain injury or to quantify hepatic iron. MRI requires the child to lie motionless for 30-60 min, thus sedation/anesthesia might be used to facilitate successful completion of exams, but this poses additional risks for SCD patients. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2422-2
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate cystourethrography in the era of fetal screening, we evaluated retrospectively the clinical and imaging findings of all children up to the age of 1 year who underwent a cystourethrogram in a 5-year period (1987-1992). There were 292 children, 64 neonates (< 1 month, 51 boys, 13 girls) and 228 infants (1 mo...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02015017
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Questionnaires (984) were submitted to pediatric radiologists to determine how often odontoid fractures were missed on lateral views and detected on open-mouth odontoid views in children under 5 years. Other questions relating to imaging protocols of the odontoid also were included, and there were 432 respon...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050043
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of an atypical pneumomediastinum in a newborn was confirmed by ultrasound where an echogenic rim of air was noted around the heart. Ultrasound is suggested as an alternative to a decubitus film in differentiating between a pneumomediastinum (which usually resolves spontaneously) and a medial pneumothorax...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02013517
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paediatric post-traumatic cortical defects, although rare, are predominately seen affecting the distal radius following a greenstick or torus fracture. We review the literature and present a further two cases supported by CT and MRI. Images from an acute greenstick fracture are also presented to help understand the pa...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-001-0608-0
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic dysplasia of the testis is an uncommon benign cause of an intratesticular mass in children. It is often associated with renal abnormalities, which reflects the close developmental association between the kidneys and testes. The diagnosis is usually suspected based on sonographic findings. We present a case of c...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050508
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The imaging of pediatric airways presents a challenge because of the superimposition of the airway over the bone of the spine on the AP view. In recent years, some radiology departments have replaced conventional X-ray films by computed radiography (CR). The effect of the various changes upon image quality and radiati...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-002-0689-4
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormal enlargement or malposition of any vascular structure or mass adjacent to the airway can cause extrinsic airway compression. In children with previous surgery for congenital heart disease, mass effect from prosthetic devices or alteration in the anatomic position of normal structures can lead to extrinsic airw...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050121
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While patient and family-centered care (PFCC) is currently a hot topic in medicine, it has long been a specific focus of pediatrics. The concept of PFCC includes a change in culture where physicians and patients move away from paternalism and instead view patients and families as partners in care. Although there are m...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-020-04742-w
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The classic metaphyseal lesion (CML) is highly specific for non-accidental trauma in infants. While the radiographic findings are well documented, there is little literature on the ultrasound (US) appearance. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate US findings in CMLs identified on radiographs. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This ins...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-019-04373-w
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case of a child with D-transposition of the great arteries treated with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) who subsequently developed extensive brown fat necrosis. To the best of our knowledge, no previous association among congenital heart disease, PGE1, and brown fat necrosis has been reported. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050536
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of bilateral tibial insufficiency fracture in which indium (In)-111 diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) octreotide scan showed increased activity in the region of the fracture. The scan was performed in a 5-year-old girl with severe refractory hypertension and elevated plasma metanephrines for...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3029-6
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four patients between the ages of 2 and 20 years with malignant brain tumors were given several sonographic examinations, using an operative calvarial defect or sutural diastasis as an acoustic window. Three of our cases and 86% of cases with malignant brain tumors reported in the literature are echogenic, making poss...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02388756
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP), a rare chronic renal infection in children, usually presents as high fever, pyuria and an abdominal mass. This child with clinical and radiologic evidence of osteomyelitis was not suspected of renal disease until a non-functioning kidney was discovered during a bone scan. The ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02388099
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with cat-scratch disease (CSD) may develop visceral manifestations such as hepatic and splenic granulomas. Normally, the granulomas disappear within 1-5 months. Two previous reports have described the evolution of splenic lesions into small calcifications. We report a case of cat-scratch disease in which long...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012123
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fragmentary ossification of the inferior patella is often dismissed as a normal variant in children younger than 10 years of age. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether fragmentary inferior patellar pole ossification is a normal variant or is associated with symptoms or signs of pathol...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3240-5
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Osteomyelitis is a challenging diagnosis for clinicians, particularly in very young children. At our institution, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol in suspected osteomyelitis for children 5 years of age or younger includes a large field of imaging regardless of the clinical site of concern. OBJE...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4317-3
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patient with tuberous sclerosis and a normal intravenous urogram 5 years previously presented with a large and palpable upper pole renal mass. Since patients with tuberous sclerosis have small bilateral hamartomas, a Wilms' tumor was suspected. In retrospect, inhomogenous nephrograms should have alerted the radiolog...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01092953
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes a child with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with persistent vomiting after pyloromyotomy due to a coexistent hypertrophic antral polyp. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050269
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of its absence of ionising radiation and possibility for obtaining functional information, MRI is promising for assessing lung disease in children who require repetitive imaging for long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE:To describe MRI findings in children with cystic fibrosis and evaluate semi-quantitativ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-017-4021-8
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intussusception in the pediatric patient may have a varied clinical presentation depending on its location, presence of lead point, intermittent occurrence, or underlying systemic disease. Computed tomography (CT) may be used at times in the evaluation of children with complicated presentations. The purpose of this in...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01403699
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyostotic bone and bone marrow lesions in children may be due to various disorders. Radiographically, lytic lesions may become apparent after loss of more than 50% of the bone mineral content. Scintigraphy requires osteoblastic activity and is not specific. MRI may significantly contribute to the correct diagnosis a...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-016-3737-1
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the MRI findings in a 3-month-old boy with isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. This is a recently described congenital abnormality that consists of an odd, spherically shaped left ventricle due to absence of the ventricular apex. To our knowledge, isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia has not ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0459-4
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the demand for fetal imaging and fetal care programs on the rise, the authors of this manuscript review the components of building a successful fetal imaging center. Creating an environment that engages a multidisciplinary team, utilizing a central coordinator to review clinical and psychosocial aspects of each p...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-020-04702-4
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colour Doppler sonography is of value in diagnosing scrotal pathology. We report a case of testicular torsion misdiagnosed as a paratesticular tumour by colour Doppler sonography and highlight some of the pitfalls involved in this technique. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012461
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Childhood idiopathic chondrolysis of the hip (ICH) causes progressive destruction of the articular cartilage of the hip joint with associated bone remodelling. The MRI features of this disease have not previously been described. OBJECTIVE:To document the MRI features of childhood ICH and determine which fea...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-002-0853-x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent reports have indicated that infants and young children have a higher sensitivity than older children and adults to radiation exposure and the potential for harmful side effects. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the present landmarks used in film positioning result in unnecessary radiation to non-thorac...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-0016-y
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is an important but poorly defined entity, the natural history of which is incompletely understood. The term encompasses a disease spectrum ranging from a stable hip with a mildly dysplastic acetabulum to complete hip dislocation. Much controversy surrounds the diagnosis, imagi...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2429-8
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During halothane anaesthesia the hepatic blood flow may be reduced. This effect interferes with the angiographic investigation of the liver and this is demonstrated by the case presented. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00973989
更新日期：1977-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe an Egyptian boy with osteogenesis imperfecta who was born with thumb contractures and bilateral antecubital pterygia. He was seen at 16 months of age with femur and tibial fractures, thoracic vertebral compression fractures, scoliosis and Wormian bones. The findings are consistent with a diagnosis of Bruck...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050309
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
